1、Designation: D6923 17D6923 18Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Engine Oils in a High Speed, Single-CylinderDiesel EngineCaterpillar 1R Test Procedure1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6923; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption
2、 or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONAny properly equipped laboratory, without outside assistance, can use the te
3、st procedure describedin this test method. The ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC)2 provides calibration oils and anassessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory. By this means, the laboratorywill know whether their use of the test method gives results statistically similar t
4、o those obtained byother laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilize the TMC services inseeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S.Army has such a requirementin some of its engine oil specifications. Accordingly, this test method is w
5、ritten for those laboratoriesthat use the TMC services. Laboratories that choose not to use these services should ignore thoseportions of the test method that refer to the TMC. Information Letters issued periodically by the TMCmay modify this test method. In addition, the TMC may issue supplementary
6、 memoranda related tothe test method.ASTM International policy is to encourage the development of test procedures based on genericequipment. It is recognized that there are occasions where critical/sole-source equipment has beenapproved by the technical committee (surveillance panel/task force) and
7、is required by the testprocedure. The technical committee that oversees the test procedure is encouraged to clearly identifyif the part is considered critical in the test procedure. If a part is deemed to be critical, ASTMencourages alternative suppliers to be given the opportunity for consideration
8、 of supplying the criticalpart/component providing they meet the approval process set forth by the technical committee.An alternative supplier can start the process by initiating contact with the technical committee(current chairs shown on ASTM TMC website). The supplier should advise on the details
9、 of the partthat is intended to be supplied. The technical committee will review the request and determinefeasibility of an alternative supplier for the requested replacement critical part. In the event that areplacement critical part has been identified and proven equivalent the sole-source supplie
10、r footnoteshall be removed from the test procedure.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers stressing an engine oil under modern high-speed diesel operating conditions and measures the oilsdeposit control, lubrication ability, and resistance to oil consumption. It is performed in a laboratory using a st
11、andardizedhigh-speed, single-cylinder diesel engine.31.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.1.2.1 ExceptionsWhere there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, and tubing
12、 size,or where a sole source supplier is specified.1 This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.Current edition approved May 1, 2017Oct. 1, 2018. P
13、ublished May 2017November 2018. Originally approved in 2003. Last previous edition approved in 20142017 asD6923 14.D6923 17. DOI: 10.1520/D6923-17.10.1520/D6923-18.2 ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC), 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489.2 Until the next revision of this test method, theASTM
14、Test Monitoring Center (TMC) will update changes in the test method by means of information letters. Informationletters may be obtained from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489. Attention: Administrator. This edition incorporates revisionsin all information Let
15、ters through No. 16-1.18-1.3 Available from Caterpillar Inc., Engine System Technology Development, P.O. Box 610, Mossville, IL 61552-0610.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous v
16、ersion. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes s
17、ection appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States11.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user o
18、f this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine theapplicability of regulatory requirementslimitations prior to use. Being an engine test method, this test method does have definitehazards that require safe practices (see Appendix X2 on
19、 Safety).1.4 The following is the Table of Contents:Scope 1Referenced Documents 2Terminology 3Summary of Test Method 4Significance and Use 5Apparatus and Installation 6Intake Air System 6.2.1Exhaust System 6.2.2Fuel System 6.2.3Oil Consumption System 6.2.4Engine Oil System 6.2.5Engine Coolant System
20、 6.2.6Engine Instrumentation 6.2.7Reagents and Materials 7Oil Samples 8Preparation of Apparatus 9General Engine Assembly Practices 9.1Complete Engine Inspection 9.2Copper Component 9.3Engine Lubricant System Flush 9.4Engine Piston Cooling Jet 9.5Engine Measurements and Inspections 9.6Cylinder Head 9
21、.7Valve Guide Bushings 9.8Fuel Injector 9.9Piston and Rings 9.10Cylinder Liner 9.11Compression Ratio 9.12Engine Timing 9.13Engine Coolant System Cleaning Procedure 9.14Calibration and Standardization 10Test Cell Instrumentation 10.1Instrumentation Standards 10.2Coolant Flow 10.3Fuel Injectors 10.4Ai
22、r Flow 10.5Intake Air Barrel 10.6Fuel Filter 10.7Oil Scale Flow Rates 10.8Test Stand Calibration 10.9Re-calibration Requirements 10.9.1Extending Test Stand Calibration Period 10.9.2Test Run Numbering 10.10Humidity Calibration Requirements 10.11Calibration of Piston Deposit Raters 10.12Procedure 11En
23、gine Break-in Procedure 11.1Cool-down Procedure 11.2Warm-up Procedure 11.3Shutdowns and Lost Time 11.4Periodic Measurements 11.5Engine Control Systems 11.6Engine Coolant 11.6.1Engine Fuel System 11.6.2Engine Oil Temperature 11.6.3Exhaust Pressure 11.6.4Intake Air 11.6.5Post-Test Procedures 11.7Pisto
24、n Ring Side Clearances 11.7.1Piston Ratings 11.7.2Ring Gap End Increase 11.7.3Cylinder Liner Wear 11.7.4Cylinder Liner Bore Polish 11.7.5Photographs 11.7.6Calculation and Interpretation of Results 12Test Validity 12.1Calculations 12.4Quality Index 12.4.1Oil Consumption 12.4.2Report 13Forms and Data
25、Dictionary 13.1D6923 182Test Validity 13.2Report Specifics 13.3Precision and Bias 14Precision 14.1Bias 14.2Keywords 9.11.1AnnexesEngine and Parts Warranty Annex A1Instrument Locations, Measurements and Calculations Annex A2Cooling System Arrangement Annex A3Intake Air Mass Flow Sensor Installation A
26、nnex A4Fuel System Design and Required Components Annex A5Oil System Annex A6Additional Report Forms Annex A7Engine Assembly and Inspection Information Annex A8Flushing Instructions and Apparatus Annex A9Warm-up, Cool-down and Testing Conditions Annex A10Piston and Liner Rating Modifications Annex A
27、11Return Goods Authorization Claim Form Annex A12AppendixesVarious Examples of Supplemental Information forReference PurposesAppendix X1Safety Appendix X21.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decisi
28、on on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4D86 Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products and Liquid Fuels at Atmosphe
29、ric PressureD93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup TesterD97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum ProductsD130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip TestD235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cle
30、aning Solvent)D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)D524 Test Method for Ramsbottom Carbon Residue of Petroleum ProductsD613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel OilD664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Produc
31、ts by Potentiometric TitrationD976 Test Method for Calculated Cetane Index of Distillate FuelsD1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products byHydrometer MethodD1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in Liquid Petroleum Products by Fl
32、uorescent Indicator AdsorptionD2500 Test Method for Cloud Point of Petroleum Products and Liquid FuelsD2622 Test Method for Sulfur in Petroleum Products by Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence SpectrometryD2709 Test Method for Water and Sediment in Middle Distillate Fuels by CentrifugeD3338 Test
33、 Method for Estimation of Net Heat of Combustion of Aviation FuelsD3524 Test Method for Diesel Fuel Diluent in Used Diesel Engine Oils by Gas ChromatographyD4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density MeterD4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Prod
34、ucts, Liquid Fuels, and LubricantsD4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine OilsD4739 Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid TitrationD4863 Test Method for Determination of Lubricity of Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants
35、D5185 Test Method for Multielement Determination of Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils by InductivelyCoupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)D5302 Test Method for Evaluation ofAutomotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation and Wear in a Spark-IgnitionInternal Com
36、bustion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions (Withdrawn2003)5D5844 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Rusting (Sequence IID) (Withdrawn 2003)5D5862 Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils inTwo-Stroke CycleTurbo-S
37、upercharged 6V92TADiesel Engine (Withdrawn2009)54 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.5 The last ap
38、proved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.D6923 183D5966 Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils for Roller Follower Wear in Light-Duty Diesel EngineD5967 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel EngineD6202 Test Method forAutomotive Engine Oils
39、 on the Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-DutyTrucks in the SequenceVIA Spark Ignition Engine (Withdrawn 2009)5D6594 Test Method for Evaluation of Corrosiveness of Diesel Engine Oil at 135 CD6681 Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oils in a High Speed, Single-Cylinder Diesel EngineCaterpill
40、ar 1P TestProcedureE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with SpecificationsE344 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and HydrometryG40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion2.2 Other ASTM Document:ASTM Deposit Rating Manual 20 (formerly CRC Manual 20)62.3
41、SAE Standard:SAE J183 Engine Oil Performance and Engine Service Classification72.4 API Standard:API 1509 Engine Service Classification and Guide to Crankcase Oil Selection83. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 additive, na material added to another, usually in small amounts, to impart or enhance desir
42、able properties or to suppressundesirable properties. D41753.1.2 automotive, adjdescriptive of equipment associated with self-propelled machinery, usually vehicles driven by internalcombustion engines. D44853.1.3 blind reference oil, na reference oil, the identity of which is unknown by the test fac
43、ility.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThis is a coded reference oil, which is submitted by a source independent from the test facility. D58443.1.4 blowby, nin internal combustion engines, the combustion products and unburned air-and-fuel mixture that enter thecrankcase. D53023.1.5 calibrate, vto determine the ind
44、ication or output of a measuring device with respect to that of a standard. E3443.1.6 calibrated test stand, na test stand on which the testing of reference material(s), conducted as specified in the standard,provided acceptable test results.3.1.6.1 DiscussionIn several automotive lubricant standard
45、 test methods, the TMC2 provides testing guidance and determines acceptability. D66813.1.7 candidate oil, nan oil which is intended to have the performance characteristics necessary to satisfy a specification andis to be tested against that specification. D58443.1.8 debris, nin internal combustion e
46、ngines, solid contaminant materials unintentionally introduced into the engine orresulting from wear. D58623.1.9 dispersant, nin engine oil, an additive that reduces deposits on oil-wetted surfaces primarily through suspension ofparticles. D41753.1.10 engine oil, na liquid that reduces friction or w
47、ear, or both, between the moving parts within an engine; removes heat,particularly from the underside of pistons; and serves as a combustion gas sealant for the piston rings.3.1.10.1 DiscussionIt may contain additives to enhance certain properties. Inhibition of engine rusting, deposit formation, va
48、lve train wear, oiloxidation and foaming are examples. D58626 For Stock #TMCMNL20, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM International Customer Service at serviceastm.org.7 Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.8 Availab
49、le from The American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Washington, DC 20005.D6923 1843.1.11 heavy-duty, adj in internal combustion engine operation, characterized by average speeds, power output and internaltemperatures that are close to the potential maximums. D44853.1.12 lubricant, nany material interposed between two surfaces that reduces the friction or wear, or both, between them.D58623.1.13 lubricating oil, na liquid lubricant, usually comprising several ingredients, including a major portion of base oil andminor portions of various addi
