1、Designation: B949 13B949 18Standard Specification forGeneral Requirements for Zinc and Zinc Alloy Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B949; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last r
2、evision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This specification establishes general requirements, unless otherwise specified in the specific product specification, foro
3、rdering information, marking, and sampling for chemical analysis common to zinc and zinc alloy products and shall apply toSpecifications B6, B69, B86, B240, B327, B418, B750, B792, B793, B833, B852, B860, B892, B894, B897, B907, B943and,B943and B960 to the extent referenced therein.1.2 Although this
4、 specification establishes general requirements, it does not restrict that, by agreement between customer andsupplier, these requirements may be altered by a customer to suit individual need.1.3 The chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties, and all other requirements not included in
5、this specificationshall be prescribed in the product specification.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. This applies ex
6、cept where SI unitsonly are specified.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Data Sheet(
7、MSDS)(SDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety safety, health, andhealthenvironmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationa
8、lly recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B6 Specificati
9、on for ZincB69 Specification for Rolled ZincB86 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloy Foundry and Die CastingsB240 Specification for Zinc and Zinc-Aluminum (ZA) Alloys in Ingot Form for Foundry and Die CastingsB327 Specification for Master Alloys Used in Making Zinc Die Casting AlloysB
10、418 Specification for Cast and Wrought Galvanic Zinc AnodesB750 Specification for GALFANB792 Specification for Zinc Alloys in Ingot Form for Slush CastingB793 Specification for Zinc Casting Alloy Ingot for Sheet Metal Forming Dies and Plastic Injection MoldsB833 Specification for Zinc and Zinc Alloy
11、 Wire for Thermal Spraying (Metallizing) for the Corrosion Protection of SteelB852 Specification for Continuous Galvanizing Grade (CGG) Zinc Alloys for Hot-Dip Galvanizing of Sheet SteelB860 Specification for Zinc Master Alloys for Use in Hot Dip GalvanizingB892 Specification for ACuZinc5 (Zinc-Copp
12、er-Aluminum) Alloy in Ingot Form for Die CastingsB894 Specification for ACuZinc5 (Zinc-Copper-Aluminum) Alloy Die CastingsB897 Specification for Configuration of Zinc and Zinc Alloy Jumbo, Block, Half Block, and Slab Ingot1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Nonfer
13、rous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.04 on Zincand Cadmium.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2013Nov. 1, 2018. Published September 2013January 2019. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20082013as B949 08.13. DOI: 10.1520/B0949-13.10.15
14、20/B0949-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standardsstandards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard an
15、d is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only
16、the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1B899 Terminology Relati
17、ng to Non-ferrous Metals and AlloysB907 Specification for Zinc, Tin and Cadmium Base Alloys Used as SoldersB908 Practice for the Use of Color Codes for Zinc Casting Alloy IngotB914 Practice for Color Codes on Zinc and Zinc Alloy Ingot for Use in Hot-Dip Galvanizing of SteelB943 Specification for Zin
18、c and Tin Alloy Wire Used in Thermal Spraying for Electronic ApplicationsB960 Specification for Prime Western Grade-Recycled (PWG-R) ZincE55 Practice for Sampling Wrought Nonferrous Metals and Alloys for Determination of Chemical CompositionE88 Practice for Sampling Nonferrous Metals and Alloys in C
19、ast Form for Determination of Chemical CompositionE634 Practice for Sampling of Zinc and Zinc Alloys for Analysis by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry3. Terminology3.1 For terms related to non-ferrous metals and alloys, refer to Terminology B899.4. Ordering Information4.1 Where applicable include t
20、he following minimum information when placing orders for zinc and zinc alloy products underthis specification:4.1.1 ASTM designation and latest year of issue (see Scope),4.1.2 Quantity (weight),4.1.3 Alloy or grade, or both, (when applicable),4.1.4 Size,4.1.4.1 For zinc metal and alloy ingot, if not
21、 the manufacturers standard:a) Zinc metal slabs varying in weight from 40 to 60 lb (18 to 27 kg) are all considered standard slabs.b) Zinc metal may also be ordered in jumbos, blocks, anodes, or other shapes (in accordance with Specification B897).4.1.4.2 For castings and other zinc alloy products,
22、see the specific product specification for size requirement information.4.1.5 Delivery schedule,4.1.6 Marking (Section 16),4.1.7 Whether certification is required (Section 15),4.1.8 Appearancethe product shall be reasonably free from surface corrosion and adhering foreign matter, and4.1.9 Source ins
23、pection must be specified at the time of order (Section 13).4.2 Additional ordering information for specific zinc and zinc alloy products:4.2.1 There may be additional information required when ordering specific products. These may be found in the productspecifications listed in 2.1 (Specifications
24、B6, B69, B86, B240, B327, B418, B750, B792, B793, B833, B852, B860, B892, B894,B897, B907, B943and , and B943B960).4.3 Specifications for material may be altered by agreement between customer and supplier to suit individual need. If the agreedupon chemistry falls outside the limits of the appropriat
25、e standard, then the material does not meet all requirements of the standard.5. Chemical Requirements5.1 Final product (ingots, slabs, jumbos, etc.) shall conform to the chemical composition requirements prescribed in theapplicable product specification (see 2.1: Specifications B6, B69, B86, B240, B
26、327, B418, B750, B792, B793, B833, B852, B860,B892, B894, B897, B907, B943and , and B943B960).5.2 Conformance shall be determined by the manufacturer by analyzing samples taken at the time the final product is pouredor samples taken from the ingots.5.2.1 If the producer has determined the chemical c
27、omposition of the metal during the course of manufacture, he shall not berequired to sample and analyze the finished product.6. Sampling for Determination of Chemical Composition6.1 Samples for Spectrochemical and Other Methods of AnalysisSamples for spectrochemical and other methods of analysisshal
28、l be suitable for the form of material being analyzed and the type of analytical method used.6.2 Sampling During Production of Ingots, Slabs, Blocks or Jumbos, and Wrought Products:6.2.1 Sampling During CastingSamples may be taken from the pour during the casting of zinc and zinc alloys.6.2.1.1 Samp
29、les for spectrochemical methods may be cast as pins or discs in accordance with Practice E634 for spectrochemicalanalyses or may be cast in a form or by a method the producer has determined will generate a homogeneous and representativesample.6.2.1.2 The producer should determine the sampling regime
30、n that will efficiently result in samples that are representative of theproduct. As a suggested minimum, at least two samples sets shall be taken for batches of 25 tons (22.7 mTons) or less. At leastthree sample sets shall be taken for batches up to 150 tons (136 mTons). The average chemical analyse
31、s shall be determined fromthese samples. Unless otherwise agreed in the contact or purchase order, sampling procedure will be the manufacturers choice.B949 1826.2.2 Samples held at the producers plant shall be retained for not less than 90 days.6.3 Sampling of Ingot, Slabs, or Blocks and Jumbos and
32、Wrought Product in the Event of a Dispute or if the Alloy is at theCustomersCustomers PlantThe sample for chemical analysis shall be taken based on the form of the product.6.3.1 Ingot, Slabs, or Product in an Easily Sampled FormIf the alloy is in the form of standard ingots, slabs, etc. at thecustom
33、ers plant, the sample for chemical analysis shall be taken in accordance with 6.3.1.1 6.3.1.6 , inclusive.6.3.1.1 Selection of PortionA portion representative of the total shipment or order shall be selected at random for the finalsample. The portion preferably shall be taken during loading or unloa
34、ding. Not less than five ingots shall be taken at random fromeach car or truckload of the same alloy for sampling. Each heat in the shipment shall be represented. If the shipment is less thana carload lot, one sample ingot shall be taken for each 10 000 lb (4540 kg) or fraction thereof. When it is d
35、eemed necessary, asample may be taken from each melt of 1000 lb (454 kg) or more.6.3.1.2 Preparation of SampleThe product shall be cleaned thoroughly to rid the surface of extraneous material. Then thesamples for chemical analysis shall be taken by sawing, milling, or drilling in such a manner as to
36、 be representative of the averagecross section of the ingot. The weight of a prepared sample shall be not less than 300 g.6.3.1.3 The saw drill, or cutter used for taking the sample shall be thoroughly cleaned. No lubricant shall be used in theoperation, and the sawings or metal chips shall be caref
37、ully treated with a magnet to remove any particles or iron introduced intaking the sample.NOTE 1Sampling by sawing is not recommended for Special High Grade zinc because complete removal of the final traces of adventitious iron fromsawings is difficult.6.3.1.4 DrillingTwo holes shall be drilled, pre
38、ferably from the bottom or brand side of each ingot or slab, at two points locatedalong one diagonal of the slab so that each point is halfway between the center and one extremity of the diagonal. If two holesfrom each ingot or slab do not yield the weight of sample prescribed in 6.3.1.6, a third ho
39、le shall be drilled at the center of each.Each hole shall be bored completely through, care being taken to avoid starting the drill in a depression and to adjust the feed togive drillings 0.010 to 0.020 in. (0.25 to 0.51 mm) in thickness. The drill used preferably shall be non-ferrous tipped (such a
40、scarbide, Ti-N, etc.) The diameter of the drill shall be 12 in. (12.7 mm) for Special High Grade zinc, and shall be 516 in. (7.9 mm)for other grades of zinc. The drillings shall be broken or cut with clean shears into pieces not over 12 in. in length and mixedthoroughly.6.3.1.5 SawingUsing, preferab
41、ly, a heat treated high-speed steel saw, make two cuts completely across and through the ingotor slab from one long side to the other. Each cut shall be approximately halfway between the center and each end. The width ofthe saw cut shall be sufficient to give the weight of sample prescribed in 6.3.1
42、.6, and cuttings from all the slabs shall be mixedthoroughly to form a uniform sample.6.3.1.6 Size of Sample and StorageThe prepared sample shall weigh at least 1600 g for Special High Grade zinc, and at least300 g for other grades of zinc and zinc alloys. The properly mixed sample shall be split in
43、to three equal parts, each of which shallbe placed in a sealed package, one for the manufacturer, one for the purchaser, and one for a referee, if necessary. Tight, leak-proof,paper sample envelopes or cardboard cartons may be used to hold the sample.6.3.2 An optional method of sampling for analysis
44、 may be by melting together the representative portions selected and thensampling the liquid composite by casting suitable specimens for either spectrographic or chemical analysis.6.3.2.1 Care must be taken to ensure that the melt is stirred, homogenous, and representative, since it is possible to a
45、lter thecomposition during remelting.6.3.3 Samples for chemical analysis may also be in the form of a separately cast spectrographic disc specimen taken from thesame pour used to cast the product.6.3.4 Sampling of Blocks or JumbosRepresentative samples cannot be obtained from large castings (except
46、for remelting theentire ingot in a separate furnace and then taking a sample) because of the potential for segregation. Therefore, alloy cast in blockform shall be sampled from the pour.6.3.4.1 Sampling of Blocks or Jumbos for Nominal CompositionDrillings taken from the sides of blocks or jumbos may
47、 beused to differentiate alloys, however, as noted in 6.3.4 there is no guarantee of obtaining a representative sample for conformancedetermination.6.3.5 Sampling Wrought Product:6.3.5.1 The sampling plan for zinc for purposes of chemical analysis or mechanical property testing shall be designed suc
48、h thatany lot of finished product may be adequately described by the results of the tests performed on the samples. Lot or portion sizeshall be as agreed upon between purchaser and supplier.6.3.5.2 In general, the steps for sampling wrought product are similar to those for ingot, slab and castings d
49、escribed in 6.3.1.1 6.3.1.6.6.3.5.3 Matters of sampling and sample preparation of wrought product not covered by this specification shall be in accordancewith Practice E55.6.4 Sampling of Zinc Alloy Ingots for Routine Testing, Nominal Quality, Non-Dispute SituationsIt is a common practice toselect a sample portion from a single ingot for quality and conformance checking.B949 1836.4.1 In these instances the portion should be cut from a section that is approximately halfway between the center and each end,and avoiding any cast notches, by making two cuts
