1、Designation: A108 13A108 18Standard Specification forSteel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-Finished1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A108; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers cold-finished carbon a
3、nd alloy steel bars produced in straight length and coil to chemicalcompositions. coil. Cold-finished bars are suitable for heat treatment, for machining into components, or for use in the as-finishedcondition as shafting, or in constructional applications, or for other similar purposes (Note 1). Gr
4、ades of steel are identified bygrade numbers or by chemical composition.NOTE 1A guide for the selection of steel bars is contained in Practice A400.1.2 Some end uses may require one or more of the available designations shown under Supplementary Requirements.Supplementary requirements shall apply on
5、ly when specified individually by the purchaser.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.1.4 This international standard was
6、 developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced D
7、ocuments2.1 ASTM Standards:2A29/A29M Specification for General Requirements for Steel Bars, Carbon and Alloy, Hot-WroughtA304 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Bars Subject to End-Quench Hardenability RequirementsA322 Specification for Steel Bars, Alloy, Standard GradesA370 Test Methods and D
8、efinitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel ProductsA400 Practice for Steel Bars, Selection Guide, Composition, and Mechanical PropertiesA510/A510M Specification for General Requirements for Wire Rods and Coarse Round Wire, Carbon Steel, and Alloy SteelA576 Specification for Steel Bars, Carbon, Hot-W
9、rought, Special Quality2.2 Other Documents:SAE Handbook and SAE J1086 Recommended Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)3AIST Bar Steels: Steel Product Manual43. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 product tolerance levelscold-finished steel bar is produced with up to three (3) increasingly tig
10、ht tolerance levels, forthe individual product characteristics, dependent on the method of manufacture necessary to meet purchaser-ordered specificationrequirements. (Product Tolerance Level 1 is selected, unless otherwise specified by the purchaser.)4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for cold-finish
11、ed steel bar to this specification should include the following items to adequately describe the material:4.1.1 Name of material,1 This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A01.15on B
12、ars.Current edition approved Aug. 15, 2013Nov. 1, 2018. Published August 2013November 2018. Originally approved in 1926. Last previous edition approved in 20072013as A108 07.A10813. DOI: 10.1520/A0108-13.10.1520/A010818.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactA
13、STM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001,15096, http:/www.sae.org.4 Available from Associati
14、on for Iron ASTM A108, dated _; ASTM Steel Grade - 1117; Coarse Grain; Cold Drawn;1.500-in. (38.10-mm) 1.500 in. (38.10 mm) diameter round; 12 ft (3657.61 mm) long; Heat Analysis Required; Precision Machined Parts.NOTE 3Amore complex ordering description is as follows: Steel Bar;ASTM A108, dated _;A
15、STM Steel Grade - 1045; Fine Grain; Cold Drawn,Turned, Ground and Polished; chamfer both ends; Mechanical Property Test Results; Hardness test; 2.000-in. (50.80-mm) 2.000 in. (50.80 mm) diameterround; 12 ft (3657.61 mm) long; Heat Analysis Required; Precision Machined Parts.5. General Requirements5.
16、1 Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of the current edition ofSpecification A29/A29M.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 FeedstockCold-finished steel bar shall be produced from hot-wrought carbon or alloy steel bar (Specification A29/A29M),or from ho
17、t-wrought rod designated for cold-finished bar (Specification A510/A510M).6.2 ConditionThe product shall be furnished in one of the following conditions as specified by the purchaser.6.2.1 Rounds:6.2.1.1 Cold drawn,6.2.1.2 Cold drawn, turned, and polished,6.2.1.3 Cold drawn, ground, and polished,6.2
18、.1.4 Cold drawn, turned, ground, and polished,6.2.1.5 Cold drawn, turned, and ground,6.2.1.6 Hot wrought, turned, and polished,6.2.1.7 Hot wrought, turned, ground and polished,6.2.1.8 Hot wrought, turned, and ground, and6.2.1.9 Hot wrought, rough turned.6.2.2 Squares, Hexagons:6.2.2.1 Cold drawn, an
19、d6.2.2.2 Cold rolled.6.2.3 Flats:6.2.3.1 Cold drawn, and6.2.3.2 Cold rolled.6.2.4 Special Bar Sections:6.2.4.1 Cold drawn, and6.2.4.2 Cold rolled.6.3 Heat Treatment:6.3.1 Unless otherwise specified, the bars shall be furnished as cold-finished. Plain Carbon Steels with a maximum carbon over0.55 % an
20、d Alloy Steels with a maximum carbon over 0.38 % shall be annealed prior to cold finishing.6.3.2 The following heat-treatment processes may be performed singularly or in combination:6.3.2.1 Annealed,6.3.2.2 Normalized,6.3.2.3 Stress relieved, and6.3.2.4 Quenched and tempered.tempered, and6.3.2.5 Ind
21、uction hardened.7. Chemical Composition7.1 Chemical Composition:7.1.1 The chemical analysis of the steel shall conform to that specified in Specification A29/A29M for the steel grade ordered,or to such other limits as may be specified using the standard ranges in Specification A29/A29M.A108 1827.1.2
22、 Steels may be selected from: Specifications A29/A29M, A304, A322, A510/A510M, and A576; the SAE Handbook; orthe AIST Bar Steels: Steel Product Manual.7.1.3 When a steels composition cannot be identified by a standard grade number in accordance with 7.1.1 and 7.1.2, the limitsfor each required eleme
23、nt may be specified using the chemical ranges shown in the table (Heat Analysis Chemical Ranges andLimits of Carbon Steel Bars) of Specification A29/A29M.8. Tolerance Levels8.1 Cold-Finished BarsThe permissible dimensional variations for cold-finished carbon and alloy steel bar shall not exceedthe a
24、pplicable tolerance levels or limits stated in Annex A1 for inch-pound values.9. Workmanship, Finish, and Product Presentation9.1 Workmanship:9.1.1 Within the limits of good manufacturing and inspection practices, the bars shall be free of injurious imperfections which,due to their nature, degree, o
25、r extent, will interfere with the use of the material in machining or fabrication of suitable parts.9.1.2 Table A1.8 contains the recommended minimum stock removal (per side of bar) to assist in the removal of surfacediscontinuities in cold finished or hot rolled bars.9.2 Finish:9.2.1 Unless otherwi
26、se specified, the bars shall have a commercial bright smooth surface finish, obtained by conventionalcold-finishing operations such as cold drawing or cold rolling.9.2.2 When a superior bar surface finish is required, bars may be obtained as: turned and polished, ground and polished, orturned, groun
27、d, and polished. (Reference Table A1.7)9.2.3 Bars that are thermally treated after cold finishing may exhibit a discolored or oxidized surface.9.2.4 When diameter tolerances for round bars are more restrictive than commercial standard size tolerances listed in TableA1.1or Table A1.2, then refer to T
28、able A1.3 size tolerances attained from the Grinding and Polished operation.9.3 Product Presentation:9.3.1 The bars shall be given a surface coating of oil or other rust inhibitor to protect against corrosion during shipment.9.3.2 The bar bundles shall be identified, packaged and loaded to preserve
29、the physical appearance, product tolerance andidentity of the cold-finished product, as agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier, at time of order acceptance.NOTE 4Steel bar or machined bar surface is a perishable quality condition and may be altered by mis-handling or detrimental exposure to
30、moistureor corrosive conditions. The preservation of surface quality requires the utmost care in subsequent customer handling, storage, or processing. Rustpreventive oils are necessary to coat and provide a barrier to displace harmful moisture or corrosive conditions to prevent rust.10. Certificatio
31、n10.1 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order, a manufacturers certification that the material was manufacturedand tested in accordance with this specification together with a report of the test results shall be furnished at the time of shipment.11. Keywords11.1 alloy steel; carbon st
32、eel; cold-finished; steel bar; turned barSUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTSOne or more of the following supplementary requirements shall be applied only when specified bythe purchaser in the inquiry, contract, or order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall beagreed upon in writing, by the manuf
33、acturer and the purchaser. Supplementary requirements shall inno way negate any requirement of the specification itself.S1. Hot Rolling Reduction RatioS1.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to report the reduction ratio of the initial Bloom/Billet cross sectionalarea to finished hot
34、rolled cross sectional area.A108 183S2. Steel Melting ProcessS2.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to report the steel melting process (Basic Oxygen Furnace, ElectricArcFurnace, etc.) for each initial heat/lot number supplied to the purchaser.S3. Steel Refinement ProcessS3.1 When re
35、quired, purchaser may require the supplier to report the steel refinement processes performed after melting andbefore casting (Vacuumed Degassed, etc.) on the heat/lot number supplied to the purchaser.S4. Continuous Casting ProcessS4.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to report the
36、casting process (Bloom, Billet, etc.) for each heat/lotnumber supplied to the purchaser.S5. Country or Countries of OriginS5.1 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to report the country of origin where the steel was melted for eachheat/lot number supplied to the purchaser.S5.2 When requ
37、ired, purchaser may require the supplier to report the country of origin where the steel was hot rolled for eachheat/lot number supplied to the purchaser.S5.3 When required, purchaser may require the supplier to report the country of origin where the steel was cold finished foreach heat/lot number s
38、upplied to the purchaser.S6. Mechanical PropertiesS6.1 When required, at time of inquiry or purchase, purchaser may require the supplier to report the cold-finished steel barmechanical properties for each heat/lot number supplied to the purchaser. Mechanical properties shall be evaluated in accordan
39、cewith Test Methods and Definitions in Test Methods A370.S7. Surface InspectionS7.1 When required, at time of inquiry or purchase, purchaser may require the supplier to inspect the cold finish steel bar surfacewithin a non-destructive surface inspection process to assist in the detection of most sur
40、face discontinuities that exceed themaximum allowed depth tolerances listed in Table A1.8 or other tolerances agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier.Non-destructive surface inspection process has limitations and will not guarantee or warranty 100 % detection of all surfacediscontinuities in
41、a steel bar.S8. Bar MarkingS8.1 When required, bar marking specification requirements shall be agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier.A108 184ANNEX(Mandatory Information)A1. PERMISSIBLE VARIATIONS IN QUALITY CHARACTERISTICSINCH-POUND AND METRIC UNITSA108 185TABLE A1.1 Size Tolerances for Lev
42、el One Cold-Finished Carbon Steel Bars, Cold DrawnA or Turned and PolishedASize, in. (mm)BMaximum ofCarbon Range0.28 % or lessMaximum of Carbon Rangeover 0.28 % to 0.55 % inclMaximum of Carbon Rangeto 0.55 % incl,Stress Relieved or Annealedafter Cold FinishingMaximum of Carbon Rangeover 0.55 % or Al
43、l GradesQuenched and Tempered orNormalized and Temperedbefore or after Cold FinishingAll tolerances are in inches (mm) and are minusCRoundsCold DrawnD to 6 in. (152.4 mm) or Turned and PolishedTo 112 (38.1) incl, in coils, or cut lengths 0.002 (.051) 0.003 (.076) 0.004 (.102) 0.005 (.127)To 112 (38.
44、1) incl, in coils, or cut lengths 0.002 (0.051) 0.003 (0.076) 0.004 (0.102) 0.005 (0.127)Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) incl 0.003 (.076) 0.004 (.102) 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.152)Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) incl 0.003 (0.076) 0.004 (0.102) 0.005 (0.127) 0.006 (0.152)Over 212 (63.50) to 4 (101.60)
45、incl 0.004 (.102) 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.152) 0.007 (.178)Over 212 (63.50) to 4 (101.60) incl 0.004 (0.102) 0.005 (0.127) 0.006 (0.152) 0.007 (0.178)Over 4 (101.60) to 6 (152.40) incl 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.152) 0.007 (.178) 0.008 (.203)Over 4 (101.60) to 6 (152.40) incl 0.005 (0.127) 0.006 (0.152) 0.00
46、7 (0.178) 0.008 (0.203)Over 6 (152.40) to 8 (203.20) incl 0.006 (.152) 0.007 (.178) 0.008 (.203) 0.009 (.229)Over 6 (152.40) to 8 (203.20) incl 0.006 (0.152) 0.007 (0.178) 0.008 (0.203) 0.009 (0.229)Over 8 (203.20) to 9 (228.60) incl 0.007 (.178) 0.008 (.203) 0.009 (.229) 0.010 (.254)Over 8 (203.20)
47、 to 9 (228.60) incl 0.007 (0.178) 0.008 (0.203) 0.009 (0.229) 0.010 (0.254)HexagonsTo 34 (19.05) incl 0.002 (.051) 0.003 (.076) 0.004 (.102) 0.006 (.152)To 34 (19.05) incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.003 (0.076) 0.004 (0.102) 0.006 (0.152)Over 34 (19.05) to 112 (38.10) incl 0.003 (.076) 0.004 (.102) 0.005 (.127
48、) 0.007 (.178)Over 34 (19.05) to 112 (38.10) incl 0.003 (0.076) 0.004 (0.102) 0.005 (0.127) 0.007 (0.178)Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) incl 0.004 (.102) 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.152) 0.008 (.203)Over 112 (38.10) to 212 (63.50) incl 0.004 (0.102) 0.005 (0.127) 0.006 (0.152) 0.008 (0.203)Over 212 (63.50
49、) to 318 (79.38) incl 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.152) 0.007 (.178) 0.009 (.229)Over 212 (63.50) to 318 (79.38) incl 0.005 (0.127) 0.006 (0.152) 0.007 (0.178) 0.009 (0.229)Over 318 (79.38) to 4 (101.60) incl 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.152) . . . . . .Over 318 (79.38) to 4 (101.60) incl 0.005 (0.127) 0.006 (0.152) . . . . . .SquaresTo 34 (19.05) incl 0.002 (.051) 0.004 (.102) 0.005 (.127) 0.007 (.178)To 34 (19.05) incl 0.002 (0.051) 0.004 (0.102) 0.005 (0.127) 0.007 (0.178)Over 34 (19.05) to 112 (38.10) incl 0.003 (.076) 0.005 (.127) 0.006 (.
