1、 IEC/TS 60815-1 Edition 1.0 2008-10 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONSelection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions Part 1: Definitions, information and general principles IEC/TS 60815-1:2008(E) THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2008 IEC, Geneva,
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10、1 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 IEC/TS 60815-1 Edition 1.0 2008-10 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONSelection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions Part 1: Definitions, information and general principles INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION XA ICS 29.080.10 PRICE COD
11、E ISBN 2-8318-1015-4 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission 2 TS 60815-1 IEC:2008(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.4 1 Scope and object6 2 Normative references .7 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 7 3.1 Terms and definitions 7 3.2 Abbreviations 9 4 Proposed approaches for the
12、 selection and dimensioning of an insulator9 4.1 Approach 110 4.2 Approach 210 4.3 Approach 310 5 Input parameters for the selection and dimensioning of insulators 12 6 System requirements12 7 Environmental conditions13 7.1 Identification of types of pollution 13 7.1.1 Type A pollution 13 7.1.2 Type
13、 B pollution 14 7.2 General types of environments14 7.3 Pollution severity.15 8 Evaluation of site pollution severity (SPS) 15 8.1 Site pollution severity 15 8.2 Site pollution severity evaluation methods .16 8.3 Site pollution severity (SPS) classes .17 9 Insulation selection and dimensioning 20 9.
14、1 General description of the process 20 9.2 General guidance on materials21 9.3 General guidance on profiles.21 9.4 Considerations on creepage distance and insulator length 23 9.5 Considerations for exceptional or specific applications or environments 23 9.5.1 Hollow insulators .23 9.5.2 Arid areas2
15、4 9.5.3 Proximity effects24 9.5.4 Orientation 24 9.5.5 Maintenance and palliative methods 25 Annex A (informative) Flowchart representation of the design approaches.26 Annex B (informative) Pollution flashover mechanisms 29 Annex C (normative) Measurement of ESDD and NSDD 32 Annex D (normative) Eval
16、uation of type B pollution severity.38 Annex E (normative) Directional dust deposit gauge measurements 40 Annex F (normative) Use of laboratory test methods44 Annex G (normative) Deterministic and statistical approaches for artificial pollution test severity and acceptance criteria.45 Annex H (infor
17、mative) Example of a questionnaire to collect information on the behaviour of insulators in polluted areas48 Annex I (informative) Form factor.51 Annex J (informative) Correspondence between specific creepage distance and USCD.52 TS 60815-1 IEC:2008(E) 3 Bibliography53 Figure 1 Type A site pollution
18、 severity Relation between ESDD/NSDD and SPS for the reference cap and pin insulator.18 Figure 2 Type A site pollution severity Relation between ESDD/NSDD and SPS for the reference long rod insulator 18 Figure 3 Type B site pollution severity Relation between SES and SPS for reference insulators or
19、a monitor 19 Figure C.1 Insulator strings for measuring ESDD and NSDD32 Figure C.2 Wiping of pollutants on insulator surface.34 Figure C.3 Value of b 35 Figure C.4 Relation between and Sa 36 20 Figure C.5 Procedure for measuring NSDD37 Figure E.1 Directional dust deposit gauges 40 Figure G.1 Illustr
20、ation for design based on the deterministic approach.46 Figure G.2 Stress/strength concept for calculation of risk for pollution flashover 46 Figure H.1 Form factor.51 Table 1 The three approaches to insulator selection and dimensioning 11 Table 2 Input parameters for insulator selection and dimensi
21、oning.12 Table 3 Directional dust deposit gauge pollution index in relation to SPS class19 Table 4 Correction of site pollution severity class as a function of DDDG NSD levels.19 Table 5 Examples of typical environments .20 Table 6 Typical profiles and their main characteristics .22 Table D.1 Direct
22、ional dust deposit gauge pollution index in relation to site pollution severity class42 Table D.2 Correction of site pollution severity class as a function of DDDG NSD levels42 Table J.1 Correspondence between specific creepage distance and unified specific creepage distance 52 4 TS 60815-1 IEC:2008
23、(E) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ SELECTION AND DIMENSIONING OF HIGH-VOLTAGE INSULATORS INTENDED FOR USE IN POLLUTED CONDITIONS Part 1: Definitions, information and general principles FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standa
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34、ees is to prepare International Standards. In exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical specification when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts, or the subject is still und
35、er technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard. Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standa
36、rds. IEC/TS 60815-1, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 36: Insulators. TS 60815-1 IEC:2008(E) 5 This first edition of IEC/TS 60815-1 cancels and replaces IEC/TR 60815, which was issued as a technical report in 1986. It constitutes a technical revision a
37、nd now has the status of a technical specification. The following major changes have been made with respect to IEC/TR 60815: Encouragement of the use of site pollution severity measurements, preferably over at least a year, in order to classify a site instead of the previous qualitative assessment (
38、see below). Recognition that “solid” pollution on insulators has two components, one soluble quantified by ESDD, the other insoluble quantified by NSDD. Recognition that in some cases measurement of layer conductivity should be used for SPS determination. Use of the results of natural and artificial
39、 pollution tests to help with dimensioning and to gain more experience in order to promote future studies to establish a correlation between site and laboratory severities. Recognition that creepage length is not always the sole determining parameter. Recognition of the influence other geometry para
40、meters and of the varying importance of parameters according to the size, type and material of insulators. Recognition of the varying importance of parameters according to the type of pollution. The adoption of correction factors to attempt to take into account the influence of the above pollution a
41、nd insulator parameters. The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 36/264/DTS 36/270/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above tabl
42、e. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all the parts in the future IEC 60815 series, under the general title Selection and dimensioning of high-voltage insulators intended for use in polluted conditions, can be found on the IEC website. The
43、committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be transformed into an International sta
44、ndard, reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. 6 TS 60815-1 IEC:2008(E) SELECTION AND DIMENSIONING OF HIGH-VOLTAGE INSULATORS INTENDED FOR USE IN POLLUTED CONDITIONS Part 1: Definitions, information and
45、 general principles 1 Scope and object IEC/TS 60815-1, which is a technical specification, is applicable to the selection of insulators, and the determination of their relevant dimensions, to be used in high-voltage systems with respect to pollution. For the purposes of this technical specification,
46、 the insulators are divided into the following broad categories, each dealt with in a specific part as follows: IEC/TS 60815-2 Ceramic and glass insulators for a.c. systems; IEC/TS 60815-3 Polymeric insulators for a.c. systems; IEC/TS 60815-4 equivalent to 60815-2 for d.c. systems 1 ; IEC/TS 60815-5
47、 equivalent to 60815-3 for d.c. systems 1 . This part of IEC 60815 gives general definitions, methods for the evaluation of pollution site severity (SPS) and outlines the principles to arrive at an informed judgement on the probable behaviour of a given insulator in certain pollution environments. T
48、his technical specification is generally applicable to all types of external insulation, including insulation forming part of other apparatus. The term “insulator” is used hereafter to refer to any type of insulator. CIGRE C4 documents 1, 2, 3 2 , form a useful complement to this technical specifica
49、tion for those wishing to study in greater depth the performance of insulators under pollution. This technical specification does not deal with the effects of snow, ice or altitude on polluted insulators. Although this subject is dealt with by CIGRE 1, 4, current knowledge is very limited and practice is too diverse. The object of this technical specification is to _ understan
