1、 IEC 61280-4-4 Edition 2.0 2017-03 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Fibre optic communication subsystem test procedures Part 4-4: Cable plants and links Polarization mode dispersion measurement for installed links IEC 61280-4-4:2017-03(en) colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2017 I
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11、rocedures Part 4-4: Cable plants and links Polarization mode dispersion measurement for installed links INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION ICS 33.180.01 ISBN 978-2-8322-4077-9 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publi
12、cation from an authorized distributor. colour inside 2 IEC 61280-4-4:2017 IEC 2017 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 7 INTRODUCTION . 9 1 Scope 10 2 Normative references 10 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated terms 10 3.1 Terms and definitions 10 3.2 Symbols and abbreviated terms 11 4 Background on PMD
13、properties . 12 5 Measurement methods 13 5.1 Methods of measuring PMD 13 5.1.1 General . 13 5.1.2 Method A: Fixed analyzer with Fourier transformation (FA-FT) 14 5.1.3 Method B: Stokes parameters evaluation (SPE) . 14 5.1.4 Method C: Interferometric 15 5.1.5 Method D: Stokes parameter evaluation usi
14、ng back-reflected light . 15 5.1.6 Method E: Modulated phase-shift technique . 15 5.1.7 Method F: Polarization phase shift (PPS) . 15 5.1.8 Method G: Wavelength scanning OTDR and SOP Analysis (WSOSA) 16 5.2 Document structure . 16 5.3 Reference test method 16 6 Measurement configurations 16 6.1 Pass
15、ive cabling link 16 6.2 Link including amplifiers 17 6.3 Link including chromatic dispersion compensating modules 17 6.3.1 General . 17 6.3.2 Grating based DCM . 17 6.4 Link including ROADMs 17 6.4.1 General . 17 6.4.2 Multi-channel point to point configuration . 18 6.4.3 Single channel configuratio
16、n 18 7 Measurement considerations . 18 7.1 General . 18 7.2 Wavelength range . 18 7.3 PMD measurement range 18 7.4 Measurement dynamic range 19 7.5 Fibre movement 19 7.6 Input and output SOP scrambling 19 7.6.1 General . 19 7.6.2 Polarizers/scramblers 19 7.6.3 The 9-states Mueller set 20 7.6.4 Rando
17、m scrambling . 20 7.7 Polarization dependent loss 20 7.8 Amplifier considerations 20 7.8.1 General . 20 7.8.2 Optical isolators . 20 7.8.3 Wavelength range 20 IEC 61280-4-4:2017 IEC 2017 3 7.8.4 Power levels 20 7.8.5 Amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise 21 7.9 Considerations on location of equ
18、ipment . 21 8 Apparatus 21 8.1 General . 21 8.2 Light source and polarizers . 21 8.3 Input optics . 22 8.4 Cladding mode stripper . 22 8.5 High-order mode filter . 22 8.6 Output connection . 22 8.7 Output optics 23 8.8 Detector 23 8.9 Computer or test platform . 23 8.10 Means to reduce the effects o
19、f amplified spontaneous emission . 23 9 Sampling and specimens . 23 10 Procedure 23 11 Calculation or interpretation of results . 24 12 Documentation 24 12.1 Information required for each measurement 24 12.2 Information to be available 24 13 Specification information . 25 (normative) Fixed analyzer
20、method 26 Annex A A.1 Apparatus . 26 A.1.1 Block diagrams 26 A.1.2 Light source . 28 A.1.3 Analyzer 29 A.1.4 Optional polarization control at the input and output of the link under test 29 A.2 Procedure . 29 A.2.1 Wavelength range and increment . 29 A.2.2 Complete the scans . 30 A.3 Calculations Fou
21、rier transform . 31 A.3.1 General . 31 A.3.2 Data pre-processing and Fourier transformation 32 A.3.3 Transform data fitting. 32 A.3.4 Spectral range . 34 (normative) Stokes parameter evaluation method 36 Annex B B.1 Apparatus . 36 B.1.1 Block diagrams 36 B.1.2 Light source . 37 B.1.3 Polarimeter 37
22、B.2 Procedure . 37 B.3 Calculations 38 B.3.1 General . 38 B.3.2 Jones matrix eigenanalysis (JME) 38 B.3.3 Poincar sphere analysis (PSA) DGD calculation 40 (normative) Interferometric method 41 Annex C C.1 General . 41 4 IEC 61280-4-4:2017 IEC 2017 C.2 Traditional analysis (TINTY) 42 C.2.1 Apparatus
23、42 C.2.2 Procedure 43 C.2.3 Calculations . 44 C.3 General analysis (GINTY) . 45 C.3.1 Benefit . 45 C.3.2 Apparatus 45 C.3.3 Procedure 46 C.3.4 Calculations . 47 (informative) Stokes parameter evaluation method using back-reflected light. 49 Annex D D.1 Utility 49 D.2 Apparatus . 49 D.2.1 Block diagr
24、am 49 D.2.2 Directional coupler . 49 D.2.3 Angled connector . 49 D.2.4 Far-end termination . 49 D.3 Procedure . 50 D.4 Calculation and interpretation of results 50 (informative) Modulation phase-shift method 51 Annex E E.1 Apparatus . 51 E.1.1 Overview and block diagrams 51 E.1.2 Light source(s). 52
25、 E.1.3 Modulation . 53 E.1.4 Polarization control 54 E.1.5 Input and output optics 54 E.1.6 Optical detector and phase detection electronics . 55 E.1.7 Reference signal 55 E.2 Procedure . 55 E.2.1 Modulation frequency 55 E.2.2 Scan the wavelengths and measure DGD 55 E.2.3 Calibration . 58 E.3 Calcul
26、ations 58 E.3.1 DGD calculations . 58 E.3.2 PMD calculation . 59 (informative) Polarization phase shift method . 60 Annex F F.1 Apparatus . 60 F.1.1 Block diagram 60 F.1.2 Light source . 60 F.1.3 Modulation . 60 F.1.4 Polarization control 61 F.1.5 Output optics . 61 F.1.6 Optical detectors . 61 F.1.
27、7 Amplitude and phase comparator . 61 F.1.8 Reference signal 62 F.2 Procedure . 62 F.2.1 Modulation frequency 62 F.2.2 Wavelength increment . 62 F.2.3 Scanning wavelengths and measuring DGDs . 62 F.2.4 Calibration . 63 IEC 61280-4-4:2017 IEC 2017 5 F.3 Calculations 63 F.3.1 Results overview . 63 F.3
28、.2 DGD determination 64 F.3.3 PMD calculation . 65 (normative) Wavelength scanning OTDR and SOP analysis (WSOSA) PMD Annex G test method . 66 G.1 General . 66 G.2 Apparatus . 66 G.2.1 Block diagram 66 G.2.2 Light source . 67 G.2.3 Launch polarization . 67 G.2.4 Polarization scrambling 68 G.2.5 Input
29、/output optics . 68 G.3 Specimen stability . 68 G.4 Procedure . 68 G.4.1 Set instrument parameters . 68 G.4.2 Action of the instrument after measurement initiation . 69 G.5 Calculations 71 G.5.1 Power normalisation 71 G.5.2 Transmission differences . 72 G.5.3 Mean-square transmission difference and
30、round trip PMD . 73 G.5.4 Determination of PMD 74 G.6 Procedures for measuring PMD on installed aerial links 74 G.6.1 Instability compensation 74 G.6.2 Approaches to reducing the effects of instabilities . 75 (informative) PMD determination by Method C . 77 Annex H H.1 General . 77 H.2 Traditional a
31、nalysis . 77 H.3 General analysis . 79 Bibliography 81 Figure 1 Typical passive cabling link configuration . 16 Figure 2 Example configuration of link including amplifiers . 17 Figure A.1 Block diagrams for fixed analyzer . 28 Figure A.2 Example of the R-function for the fixed analyzer method . 31 F
32、igure A.3 A chirped sine wave 33 Figure A.4 PMD by Fourier analysis . 34 Figure B.1 Block diagram for Method B using a narrowband (tuneable laser) source 36 Figure B.2 Block diagram for Method B using a broadband (ASE) source . 36 Figure C.1 Generic set-up for Method C (INTY) 41 Figure C.2 Schematic
33、 diagram for Method C (TINTY) . 42 Figure C.3 Typical data obtained by Method C (TINTY) 44 Figure C.4 Schematic diagram for Method C (GINTY) 45 Figure C.5 Typical random-mode-coupling data obtained by Method C (GINTY) 47 Figure C.6 Typical mixed-mode-coupling data obtained by Method C (GINTY) . 47 F
34、igure D.1 Layout for Method D . 49 Figure E.1 Basic apparatus 51 6 IEC 61280-4-4:2017 IEC 2017 Figure E.2 Apparatus layout for polarization modulation . 52 Figure E.3 Mueller states on Poincar sphere 57 Figure E.4 DGD versus wavelength 58 Figure E.5 DGD in histogram format 58 Figure F.1 Block diagra
35、m for Method F (polarization phase shift method) . 60 Figure F.2 DGD versus wavelength for a random mode coupling device 64 Figure G.1 Illustration of the frequency domain and parameters for WSOSA 66 Figure G.2 Typical generic experimental implementation for WSOSA . 67 Figure G.3 Typical power measu
36、rement results 71 Figure G.4 Typical s ( ) for random I/O-SOP 72 Figure G.5 Typical transmission difference for a frequency pair and I/O -SOP 73 Figure G.6 Example of 2 -pulse implementation in presence of instabilities . 76 Table E.1 Example of Mueller set . 57 IEC 61280-4-4:2017 IEC 2017 7 INTERNA
37、TIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ FIBRE OPTIC COMMUNICATION SUBSYSTEM TEST PROCEDURES Part 4-4: Cable plants and links Polarization mode dispersion measurement for installed links FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization compr
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48、ponsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 61280-4-4 has been prepared by subcommittee 86C: Fibre optic systems and active devices, of IEC technical committee 86: Fibre optics. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 2006. This
49、second edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: a) theory is removed and replaced with a reference to IEC TR 61282-9; b) a new method, wavelength scanning OTDR and SOP analysis (WSOSA), is added as Annex G; c) a brief description of each method is added to Clause 5; d) Methods E and F are converted to informative Annexes E and F; 8 IEC 61280-4-4:2017
