1、 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION IECTS 61244-3Second edition 2005-11Long-term radiation ageing in polymers Part 3: Procedures for in-service monitoring of low-voltage cable materials Reference number IEC/TS 61244-3:2005(E) Publication numbering As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a d
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8、3Second edition 2005-11Long-term radiation ageing in polymers Part 3: Procedures for in-service monitoring of low-voltage cable materials PRICE CODE IEC 2005 Copyright - all rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanica
9、l, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher. International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varemb, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmailiec.ch Web: www.iec.ch U For price, s
10、ee current catalogue Commission Electrotechnique Internationale International Electrotechnical Commission 2 TS 61244-3 IEC:2005(E) CONTENTS FOREWORD.4 INTRODUCTION.6 1 Scope.7 2 Normative references .7 3 Abbreviations .7 4 Requirements of a monitoring technique.8 5 Techniques available8 5.1 General
11、.8 5.2 Local tests without sampling9 5.3 Local tests with micro-sampling.11 6 Summary14 Bibliography28 Figure 1 Schematic diagram showing the operating principles of the sonic velocity meter 1.16 Figure 2 Sonic velocity test results 317 Figure 3 Variation in IR absorbance with wavelength for PVC mat
12、erial and the use of first derivative to eliminate baseline shifts 118 Figure 4 Correlation of first derivative of IR absorbance at 1 640 nm to 1 650 nm and elongation at break for thermal ageing of PVC at 110 C 1 .19 Figure 5 Schematic diagram and photographs of prototype torque tester .20 Figure 6
13、 Elongation at break versus torque value for flame-retardant PVC cables thermally aged at 158 C 5 .21 Figure 7 Elongation at break versus torque value for PVC cables exposed to sequential radiation ageing to 0,5 MGy and thermal ageing at 120 C 521 Figure 8 Elongation at break versus torque value for
14、 PVC cables thermally aged at 120 C 5 .22 Figure 9 Correlation of tensile elongation with modulus measurements made using the modulus profiling apparatus for a CSPE jacket aged at the five indicated temperatures 6 .22 Figure 10 Correlation of tensile elongation with modulus measurements made using t
15、he modulus profiling apparatus for a CP jacket aged at the three indicated temperatures (from Reference 8) 23 Figure 11 Correlation of tensile elongation with modulus measurements made using the modulus profiling apparatus for a CSPE jacket aged at the four indicated combined environments 9 .23 Figu
16、re 12 Correlation of tensile elongation with NMR relaxation time measurements for a CP jacket aged at the three indicated temperatures (from Reference 8)24 Figure 13 Correlation of tensile elongation with NMR relaxation time measurements for a XLPO insulation aged at the two indicated temperatures 1
17、224 Figure 14 Carbonyl absorbance as a function of the radiation dose for XLPE 1525 TS 61244-3 IEC:2005(E) 3 Figure 15 Carbonyl absorbance as a function of thermal ageing for XLPE 14.25 Figure 16 Correlation of tensile elongation with solvent uptake factor for a CP jacket aged at the three indicated
18、 temperatures 8.26 Figure 17 Elongation results compared to uptake and gel results for XLPE insulation aged at 130 C 18.26 Figure 18 Elongation results compared to uptake and gel results for an XLPO insulation aged at 125 C 18.27 Table 1 Summary of currently available techniques for cable condition
19、monitoring.15 4 TS 61244-3 IEC:2005(E) INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ LONG-TERM RADIATION AGEING IN POLYMERS Part 3: Procedures for in-service monitoring of low-voltage cable materials FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standa
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29、ble for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committ
30、ees is to prepare International Standards. In exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical specification when the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard, despite repeated efforts, or the subject is still und
31、er technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard. Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide whether they can be transformed into International Standa
32、rds. IEC 61244-3, which is a technical specification, was prepared by subcommittee 15E: Methods of test, of IEC technical committee 15: Insulating materials, which has now been merged with IEC technical committee 98: Electrical insulation systems into IEC technical committee 112: Evaluation and qual
33、ification of electrical insulating materials and systems (provisional title). TS 61244-3 IEC:2005(E) 5 This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 1998, and constitutes a technical revision. The main technical changes with regard to the previous edition are as follows: a
34、) as there have been technical advances in established test methods and newer methods have become available, several additions have been made to the techniques available in Clause 5; b) some of the techniques listed in the previous edition were found to be either unsuitable for use as cable monitori
35、ng methods in plants, or less sensitive to radiation ageing than other methods; these techniques have now been removed; c) a list of abbreviations and their meanings has been added. The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 15E/252/D
36、TS 15E/258/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. IEC 61244 consists of the following parts, under the
37、general title Long-term radiation ageing in polymers: Part 1 Techniques for monitoring diffusion-limited oxidation Part 2: Procedures for predicting ageing at low dose rates Part 3: Procedures for in-service monitoring of low-voltage cable materials The committee has decided that the contents of thi
38、s publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result dateindicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be transformed into an International standard, reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a re
39、vised edition, or amended. A bilingual version of this publication may be issued at a later date. 6 TS 61244-3 IEC:2005(E) INTRODUCTION Polymers are widely used as electric insulating materials (e.g. in cables for control, instrumentation and power) in environments in which they are exposed to radia
40、tion. In such applications, these materials may well be required to survive the full working life of the plant, which may be more than 40 years, and possibly accident conditions up to and at the end of their working life. Although considerable data are available on the behaviour of polymeric insulat
41、ing materials under irradiation, there is still some uncertainty on the effects of long- term, low-dose rate irradiation such as would be experienced by cables. There is, therefore, a requirement for techniques for monitoring the state of degradation of cable materials in situ throughout the lifetim
42、e of the plant. Suitable cable monitoring techniques would also be important to surveillance programmes in support of plant life extension and licence renewal. Although this technical specification is primarily aimed at cable condition monitoring in radiation environments, it can also be applied to
43、other polymeric components. Many of the techniques are equally applicable to thermal-only ageing of polymeric components. TS 61244-3 IEC:2005(E) 7 LONG-TERM RADIATION AGEING IN POLYMERS Part 3: Procedures for in-service monitoring of low-voltage cable materials 1 Scope This part of IEC 61244, which
44、is a technical specification, summarizes the main cable monitoring techniques which are currently being assessed worldwide. These techniques are primarily aimed at monitoring degradation of low-voltage cables. Most of the methods are at the development stage and require more in-plant evaluation befo
45、re they could be recommended as standard techniques. The advantages and disadvantages of each method, and its current state of development, are outlined in the following clauses. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dat
46、ed references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60544-5:2003, Electrical insulating materials Determination of the effect of ionizing radiation Part 5: Procedures for assessment of ageing in
47、service 3 Abbreviations BR Butyl rubber CM Condition monitoring CSPE Chlorosulphonated polyethylene CP Chloroprene DLO Diffusion limited oxidation DSC Differential scanning calorimetry EPR Ethylene propylene rubber EVA Ethylene vinyl acetate IR Infrared OIT Oxidation induction time OITP Oxidation in
48、duction temperature NIR Near infra-red reflectance NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance PE Polyethylene PVC Polyvinyl chloride PEEK Polyetheretherketone SBR Styrene butadiene rubber TGA Thermo-gravimetric analysis XLPE Cross-linked polyethylene XLPO Cross-linked polyolefin 8 TS 61244-3 IEC:2005(E) 4 Requi
49、rements of a monitoring technique There is a range of requirements which the ideal cable monitoring technique would need to satisfy. In practice, no one technique can currently satisfy all of the requirements and a range of techniques is likely to be needed. In each case, baseline data (i.e. data on unaged material of the same formulation and manufacturer) are needed to mak
