1、 IEC/TR 62713 Edition 1.0 2013-04 TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE Safety procedures for reduction of risk outside a structure Procdures de scurit pour la rduction des risques lextrieur dune structure IEC/TR 62713:2013 colour inside THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2013 IEC, Genev
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15、l (VEI) en ligne. Service Clients - webstore.iec.ch/csc Si vous dsirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette publication ou si vous avez des questions contactez-nous: csciec.ch. IEC/TR 62713 Edition 1.0 2013-04 TECHNICAL REPORT RAPPORT TECHNIQUE Safety procedures for reduction of risk outside a str
16、ucture Procdures de scurit pour la rduction des risques lextrieur dune structure INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE S ICS 91.120.40 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-83220-744-4 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marq
17、ue dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agr. colour inside 2 TR 62713 IEC:2013 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 3 INT
18、RODUCTION . 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 General 8 4.1 Introductory remark . 8 4.2 Lightning damage to human beings . 9 4.2.1 General . 9 4.2.2 Direct strikes . 9 4.2.3 Side flash 9 4.2.4 Touch or contact voltages 10 4.2.5 Step voltages 10 5 Effects of light
19、ning strikes to human beings 11 5.1 Possible injuries 11 5.2 How injured people can be helped . 12 6 How to act in the presence of a thunderstorm . 14 6.1 How to detect a lightning risk . 14 6.2 Where to find safe locations 14 6.3 What to do outdoors 15 6.4 Hazardous situation in a car 17 6.5 What t
20、o do when camping . 17 6.6 Thunderstorms in mountainous regions . 18 6.7 What to do on water 18 6.8 What to do at open air festivals . 19 6.9 What to do when playing outdoor sports 19 Bibliography 21 Figure 1 Examples of roofs and facades damaged by lightning 8 Figure 2 Direct strike 9 Figure 3 Side
21、 flash . 9 Figure 4 Unsuitability of metallic structures when not earthed 10 Figure 5 Electrization by touch voltage . 10 Figure 6 Current flow through body due to by step voltage . 11 Figure 7 Lichtenberg figures on human skin 1 12 Figure 8 Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). 13 Figure 9 How to av
22、oid strikes inside a house . 15 Figure 10 Avoid the highest point in this area . 16 Figure 11 Safety distance (10 m) under a tree . 16 Figure 12 Generally, a car acts as a Faraday cage 17 Figure 13 Example of a lightning protection system on a sailing boat . 19 TR 62713 IEC:2013 3 INTERNATIONAL ELEC
23、TROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ SAFETY PROCEDURES FOR REDUCTION OF RISK OUTSIDE A STRUCTURE FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to
24、 promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Gu
25、ides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IE
26、C also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as
27、possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense
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32、or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable
33、 for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. The main task of IEC technical committees
34、 is to prepare International Standards. However, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for example “state of the art“. IEC/TR 62713, which is a technic
35、al report, has been prepared by IEC technical committee 81: Lightning protection. The text of this technical report is based on the following documents: Enquiry draft Report on voting 81/427/DTR 81/429/RVC Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical report can be found in the r
36、eport on voting indicated in the above table. 4 TR 62713 IEC:2013 This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under “h
37、ttp:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. IMPORTANT The colour inside logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it contains colours which are consider
38、ed to be useful for the correct understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer. TR 62713 IEC:2013 5 INTRODUCTION IEC/TR 62713, which is a technical report, is informative, with the purpose of giving the lay person, i. e. a non-specialist in lightning
39、 protection and a non-medically trained person, appropriate action to reduce risk from lightning to people outside fixed structures, i. e. in a variety of everyday outdoor activities, including immediate action to take in the event of a person being injured by lightning. Part of these precautions in
40、cludes taking shelter in either a lightning protected structure or an unprotected structure. Any action in the long term to ensure that such structures are suitably protected should be designed by a lightning protection specialist based on the requirements of the appropriate parts of IEC 62305 as li
41、sted in the normative references of this report. It is not the purpose of this report to quantify the risk reduction achieved by taking the precautions suggested in it. 6 TR 62713 IEC:2013 SAFETY PROCEDURES FOR REDUCTION OF RISK OUTSIDE A STRUCTURE 1 Scope This technical report introduces lightning
42、to the layman, noting the right action in the presence of thunderstorms, as well as protective measures against lightning. It also contributes to the prevention of lightning injuries and damages. It should be noted that so far there are no means to avoid lightning. However, by following some element
43、ary rules, people can be protected against its deleterious effects. 2 Normative references None. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 aphasia inability to express thought in words or inability to understand thought as expressed in
44、spoken or written words or others 3.2 apnoea cessation of breathing, asphyxia 3.3 arrhythmia irregularity of the heartbeat 3.4 asystolic relating to the inability of the heart to empty itself 3.5 ataxia inability to co-ordinate voluntary movements 3.6 barotrauma damage to the ears caused by rapid ch
45、ange of pressure 3.7 bradycardia slowness of the heartbeat 3.8 bronchospasm sustained involuntary muscular contractions of the windpipe TR 62713 IEC:2013 7 3.9 cardiopulmonary relating to the heart and lungs 3.10 cardiovascular relating to the heart and vessels 3.11 cutaneous belonging to or relatin
46、g to the skin 3.12 electrization process of electrification, not necessarily resulting in death (electrocution) 3.13 erythemateous reddening of the skin 3.14 hypertension high blood pressure 3.15 hypotension low blood pressure 3.16 keraunoparalysis paralysis caused by thunderstorms 3.17 macular punc
47、ture puncturing of the eyes macula, or yellow spot, a small area at the centre of the retina at which vision is most distinct 3.18 nystagmus spasmodic involuntary lateral oscillatory movement of the eyes 3.19 otorrhea discharge from the ear 3.20 papillary like, or of the nature of, or having papilla
48、e small nipple like protuberances 3.21 paeresthesia paresthesia abnormal sensation in any part of the body 3.22 pathognomic indicative of a particular disease 8 TR 62713 IEC:2013 3.23 sequela any abnormal condition following or relating to a previous disease; the psychological after- effect of any t
49、rauma 3.24 tachycardia abnormal rapidity of the heartbeat 3.25 tympanic membrane membrane separating the middle ear form the outer ear 3.26 ventricular fibrillation uncontrolled rapid electric activity of a heart ventricle 4 General 4.1 Introductory remark Generally, the instantaneous power brought by lightning is very high. Indeed, this energy acts on an object for less than a few milliseconds (ms). Hig
