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19、RD NORME INTERNATIONALE Spare parts provisioning Approvisionnement en pices de rechange INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE ICS 03.120.01; 21.020 ISBN 978-2-8322-3834-9 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose
20、 de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agr. 2 IEC 62550:2017 IEC 2017 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 5 INTRODUCTION . 7 1
21、Scope 8 2 Normative references 8 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms 8 3.1 Terms and definitions 8 3.2 Abbreviated terms . 11 4 Overview . 12 4.1 Participants and major steps in the spare parts provisioning process 12 4.2 Types of spare parts . 14 4.3 Identification of spare parts as integral
22、 part of the level of repair analysis (LORA) . 14 4.4 Overall spare parts provisioning process . 16 5 Demand forecast . 17 5.1 General . 17 5.2 Forecast based on consumption data 18 5.2.1 General . 18 5.2.2 Procedures for forecast . 18 5.3 Initial determination of demand . 19 5.3.1 General . 19 5.3.
23、2 Prediction of failure rates and failure intensities . 19 5.3.3 Calculation of demand rates 20 6 Spare parts quantification 20 6.1 General . 20 6.1.1 Process overview 20 6.1.2 Probability distributions for spare parts quantification 22 6.1.3 Measures of effectiveness (MoE) . 23 6.1.4 ABC-analysis (
24、Pareto analysis) 24 6.1.5 Quantification of repairable items 26 6.1.6 Quantification of non-repairable items . 26 6.2 Strategic (critical, insurance) spare parts 28 6.3 Inventory systems . 28 6.4 Inventory optimization . 30 7 Spare parts documentation 32 7.1 Principles and objectives 32 7.2 Illustra
25、ted parts catalogue (IPC) 32 7.3 Parts catalogue . 35 8 Supply management 35 8.1 General . 35 8.1.1 Activities 35 8.1.2 Economic provisioning . 36 8.2 Sources for spare parts . 36 8.3 Supply policies 37 8.3.1 Insourcing 37 8.3.2 Outsourcing . 37 8.3.3 Single sourcing 37 IEC 62550:2017 IEC 2017 3 8.3
26、.4 Global sourcing . 38 8.3.5 Concurrent sourcing 38 8.3.6 Obsolescence management . 39 8.4 Planning and control of the flow of repairable spare parts . 39 Annex A (informative) Prognosis of demand . 40 A.1 General . 40 A.2 Synthetic determining of demand 40 A.3 Prognosis based on consumption data 4
27、1 A.3.1 Overview . 41 A.3.2 Forecast on the basis of the moving average . 41 A.3.3 Forecast on the basis of the weighted moving average 42 A.3.4 Forecast on the basis of exponential smoothing . 42 A.3.5 Forecast on the basis of regression analysis . 43 Annex B (informative) Measures of effectiveness
28、 . 44 B.1 General . 44 B.2 Stock-related measures of effectiveness . 44 B.2.1 Fill rate (FR) and risk of shortage (ROS) 44 B.2.2 Expected backorders (EBO). 46 B.2.3 Mean waiting time (MWT) 47 B.3 System-related measures of effectiveness 48 B.3.1 Operational system availability (A op ) . 48 B.3.2 Num
29、ber of systems not operationally ready (NOR). 49 Annex C (informative) Example: Quantification of spare parts and optimization of inventory stocks 50 C.1 General . 50 C.2 Product breakdown structure 50 C.3 Calculation of spare parts quantities and costs . 52 Bibliography 54 Figure 1 Participants and
30、 major steps in the spare parts provisioning process . 13 Figure 2 Identification of spare parts 16 Figure 3 Spare parts provisioning process during design and development 17 Figure 4 Spare parts provisioning process during utilization . 21 Figure 5 Principle of an ABC-analysis 25 Figure 6 Inventory
31、 control policies . 27 Figure 7 Hierarchically structured inventory system . 28 Figure 8 Single-product-single-inventory models 30 Figure 9 Idealized inventory model for non-repairable items . 31 Figure 10 Supply management activities 36 Figure A.1 Procedures of demand forecast 40 Figure B.1 Diagram
32、 for the determination of the fill rate (FR) with a Poisson demand 45 Figure B.2 Diagram for the determination of the factor K for the required fill rate . 46 Figure B.3 Inventory system with a backorder case 46 Figure B.4 Diagram for the determination of the mean waiting time (MWT) with a Poisson d
33、emand . 48 Figure C.1 Structure of the DCN 50 4 IEC 62550:2017 IEC 2017 Figure C.2 Inventory system for the DCN . 53 Table 1 Responsibilities, targets, and measurements for suppliers, maintainers, operator and users 13 Table C.1 First indenture level Data communication network . 51 Table C.2 Second
34、indenture level Communication system . 51 Table C.3 Third indenture level Power supply system . 51 Table C.4 Third indenture level Main processor 51 Table C.5 Third indenture level Fan system 52 Table C.6 Investments in spare repairable items 52 IEC 62550:2017 IEC 2017 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNIC
35、AL COMMISSION _ SPARE PARTS PROVISIONING FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all qu
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45、ion. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 62550 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 56: Depe
46、ndability. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 56/1711/FDIS 56/1719/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance
47、 with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. 6 IEC 62550:2017 IEC 2017 The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the
48、 publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. IEC 62550:2017 IEC 2017 7 INTRODUCTION Spare parts provisioning is the process for planning necessary spare parts under consideration of a customers needs and requirements. Proper planning and control of spare pa
49、rts is a critical component of effective supportability. If the right parts are not available when needed for routine maintenance or repairs, downtime is prolonged. If too many spare parts are available, the enterprise absorbs excessive costs and the overhead of carrying inventory. Spare part planning and supply to achieve business objectives are based on four goals: the right spare part;
