1、 IEC 61481-1 Edition 1.0 2014-10 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Live working Phase comparators Part 1: Capacitive type to be used for voltages exceeding 1 kV a.c. Travaux sous tension Comparateurs de phase Partie 1: Type capacitif pour usage sur des tensions alternatives de plus de 1 kV
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19、C. Service Clients - webstore.iec.ch/csc Si vous dsirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette publication ou si vous avez des questions contactez-nous: csciec.ch. IEC 61481-1 Edition 1.0 2014-10 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Live working Phase comparators Part 1: Capacitive type to be
20、 used for voltages exceeding 1 kV a.c. Travaux sous tension Comparateurs de phase Partie 1: Type capacitif pour usage sur des tensions alternatives de plus de 1 kV INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE XC ICS 13.260; 29.240.20; 29.260.99 PRICE CODE CODE
21、 PRIX ISBN 978-2-8322-1879-2 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor. Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu
22、 cette publication via un distributeur agr. colour inside 2 IEC 61481-1:2014 IEC 2014 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 6 INTRODUCTION . 9 1 Scope 10 2 Normative references 10 3 Terms and definitions 11 4 Requirements 15 4.1 Indication 15 4.2 Functional requirements 16 4.2.1 Clear indication . 16 4.2.2 Distance r
23、ange 17 4.2.3 Clear perceptibility . 17 4.2.4 Temperature and humidity dependence of the indication 17 4.2.5 Frequency dependence . 18 4.2.6 Response time . 18 4.2.7 Power source dependability . 18 4.2.8 Testing element . 18 4.2.9 Time rating 19 4.3 Electrical requirements . 19 4.3.1 Insulating mate
24、rial . 19 4.3.2 Protection against bridging 19 4.3.3 Resistance against sparking 19 4.3.4 Insulating element of phase comparator as a complete device . 19 4.3.5 Indicator casing . 19 4.4 Mechanical requirements 20 4.4.1 General . 20 4.4.2 Design . 20 4.4.3 Dimensions, construction . 22 4.4.4 Grip fo
25、rce and deflection . 23 4.4.5 Vibration resistance . 23 4.4.6 Drop resistance . 23 4.4.7 Shock resistance . 23 4.5 Marking . 23 4.6 Instructions for use . 24 4.7 Requirements in the case of reasonably foreseeable misuse during live working . 24 4.7.1 Voltage selection . 24 4.7.2 Frequency selection
26、24 4.7.3 Channel selection for wireless connection . 24 5 Tests . 24 5.1 General . 24 5.1.1 Testing provisions . 24 5.1.2 Atmospheric conditions 25 5.1.3 Tests under wet conditions 25 5.1.4 Type test . 25 5.1.5 Test methods . 26 5.2 Function tests . 26 IEC 61481-1:2014 IEC 2014 3 5.2.1 Description o
27、f the test set-up and general pass criteria 26 5.2.2 Clear indication . 32 5.2.3 Distance range for two-pole phase comparators with wireless connection . 34 5.2.4 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 34 5.2.5 Influence of electric interference fields. 35 5.2.6 Clear perceptibility . 37 5.2.7 Freque
28、ncy dependence . 45 5.2.8 Response time . 46 5.2.9 Power source dependability . 47 5.2.10 Check of testing element . 47 5.2.11 Time rating of single-pole phase comparator . 47 5.2.12 Time rating of two-pole wireless phase comparators 48 5.3 Dielectric tests 48 5.3.1 Insulating material for tubes and
29、 rods 48 5.3.2 Protection against bridging for indoor/outdoor type phase comparators . 49 5.3.3 Protection against bridging for outdoor type phase comparator 52 5.3.4 Spark resistance 54 5.3.5 Leakage current for phase comparator as a complete device . 56 5.4 Mechanical tests . 58 5.4.1 Visual and d
30、imensional inspection . 58 5.4.2 Grip force and deflection for phase comparator as a complete device 59 5.4.3 Vibration resistance . 59 5.4.4 Drop resistance . 60 5.4.5 Shock resistance . 61 5.4.6 Climatic resistance 61 5.4.7 Durability of markings 63 5.5 Test for reasonably foreseeable misuse durin
31、g live working 63 5.5.1 Voltage selection (where relevant) . 63 5.5.2 Frequency selection (where relevant) 63 5.5.3 Channel selection for wireless connection (where relevant) . 63 6 Conformity assessment of phase comparators having completed the production phase 64 7 Modifications . 64 Annex A (norm
32、ative) Instructions for use . 65 Annex B (normative) Suitable for live working; double triangle (IEC 60417-5216 (2002- 10) . 67 Annex C (normative) Chronology of type tests . 68 Annex D (normative) Classification of defects and tests to be allocated . 70 Annex E (informative) Information and guideli
33、nes on the use of the limit mark and of a contact electrode extension 72 E.1 General . 72 E.2 Situation when using a phase comparator as a complete device . 72 E.3 Situation when using a phase comparator as a separate device 76 Annex F (informative) Rationale for the classification of defects. 78 An
34、nex G (informative) In-service care 80 Bibliography 81 4 IEC 61481-1:2014 IEC 2014 Figure 1 Illustration of different elements and different principles of functioning of phase comparators . 21 Figure 2 Location of allowed conductive parts within the minimum length of the insulating element of a pole
35、 of a phase comparator as a complete device . 22 Figure 3 Test set-up for clear indication with the ball electrode in front of its ring electrode 28 Figure 4 Test set-up for clear indication with the ball electrode behind its ring electrode 29 Figure 5 Positioning of a pole of the phase comparator i
36、n relation to a ball and ring test arrangement. 31 Figure 6 Examples of suitable means for ensuring appropriate contact between a contact electrode and the ball electrode 31 Figure 7 Test set-up for clear perceptibility of visual indication 38 Figure 8 Test set-up for measurement of clear perceptibi
37、lity of visual indication in the case of an indicator unit 40 Figure 9 Test set-up for clear perceptibility of audible indication 42 Figure 10 Test set-up for measurement of clear perceptibility of audible indication in the case of indicator units . 44 Figure 11 Test arrangements and dimensions of t
38、he bars for protection against bridging 49 Figure 12 Electrical connection of the bars 51 Figure 13 Surface stress test . 51 Figure 14 Radial and surface stress test 52 Figure 15 Test arrangement for testing bridging protection of outdoor type phase comparator . 54 Figure 16 Arrangement for leakage
39、current test under dry conditions for phase comparator as a complete device 57 Figure 17 Arrangement for leakage current tests under wet conditions for phase comparator as a complete device 58 Figure 18 Test for grip force . 59 Figure 19 Drop resistance test Diagonal position 61 Figure 20 Curve of t
40、est cycle for climatic resistance . 62 Figure E.1 Insulating element of a pole of a phase comparator as a complete device . 72 Figure E.2 Example of positioning of a pole of a phase comparator in contact with a live part without obstacles from other live parts . 73 Figure E.3 Example of incorrect po
41、sitioning of a pole of a phase comparator with the limit mark between two live parts 74 Figure E.4 Usual ways of managing the design or the use of the phase comparator for maintaining the insulation distance between the limit mark and the hand guard . 75 Figure E.5 Usual ways of managing the use of
42、the phase comparator as a separate device for assuring the appropriate insulation for the worker . 77 Table 1 Climatic condition ranges 18 Table 2 Minimum length of the insulating element (L i ) of a phase comparator as a complete device 22 Table 3 Dimensioning of the ball and ring test set-up . 30
43、Table 4 Test series and conditions for clear indication . 33 Table 5 Test series and conditions for influence of electric interference fields 36 IEC 61481-1:2014 IEC 2014 5 Table 6 Type of test . 49 Table 7 Distance d 1for the bridging test set-up . 50 Table 8 Dimensions for the concentric rings and
44、 band electrodes 52 Table C.1 Sequential order for performing type tests a68 Table C.2 Type tests out of sequence 69 Table D.1 Classification of defects and associated requirements and tests 70 Table E.1 Recommended minimum lengths from the limit mark to the contact electrode (A i ) 75 Table F.1 Rat
45、ionale for the classification of defects . 78 Table G.1 In-service testing . 80 6 IEC 61481-1:2014 IEC 2014 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ LIVE WORKING PHASE COMPARATORS Part 1: Capacitive type to be used for voltages exceeding 1 kV a.c. FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Co
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