1、 IEC 60534-2-1 Edition 2.0 2011-03 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Industrial-process control valves Part 2-1: Flow capacity Sizing equations for fluid flow under installed conditions Vannes de rgulation des processus industriels Partie 2-1: Capacit dcoulement Equations de dimensionnemen
2、t pour lcoulement des fluides dans les conditions dinstallation IEC 60534-2-1:2011 THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2011 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, e
3、lectronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or IECs member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, plea
4、se contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information. Droits de reproduction rservs. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut tre reproduite ni utilise sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procd, lectronique ou mcanique,
5、 y compris la photocopie et les microfilms, sans laccord crit de la CEI ou du Comit national de la CEI du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous dsirez obtenir des droits supplmentaires sur cette publication, utilisez les coordonnes ci-aprs ou contactez l
6、e Comit national de la CEI de votre pays de rsidence. IEC Central Office 3, rue de Varemb CH-1211 Geneva 20 Switzerland Email: inmailiec.ch Web: www.iec.ch About the IEC The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes International S
7、tandards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies. About IEC publications The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published. Catalogue of IEC pub
8、lications: www.iec.ch/searchpub The IEC on-line Catalogue enables you to search by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,). It also gives information on projects, withdrawn and replaced publications. IEC Just Published: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub Stay up to date on a
9、ll new IEC publications. Just Published details twice a month all new publications released. Available on-line and also by email. Electropedia: www.electropedia.org The worlds leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions in English an
10、d French, with equivalent terms in additional languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary online. Customer Service Centre: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service Ce
11、ntre FAQ or contact us: Email: csciec.ch Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 A propos de la CEI La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI) est la premire organisation mondiale qui labore et publie des normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait llectricit, llectronique et aux t
12、echnologies apparentes. A propos des publications CEI Le contenu technique des publications de la CEI est constamment revu. Veuillez vous assurer que vous possdez ldition la plus rcente, un corrigendum ou amendement peut avoir t publi. Catalogue des publications de la CEI: www.iec.ch/searchpub/cur_f
13、ut-f.htm Le Catalogue en-ligne de la CEI vous permet deffectuer des recherches en utilisant diffrents critres (numro de rfrence, texte, comit dtudes,). Il donne aussi des informations sur les projets et les publications retires ou remplaces. Just Published CEI: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub Restez
14、inform sur les nouvelles publications de la CEI. Just Published dtaille deux fois par mois les nouvelles publications parues. Disponible en-ligne et aussi par email. Electropedia: www.electropedia.org Le premier dictionnaire en ligne au monde de termes lectroniques et lectriques. Il contient plus de
15、 20 000 termes et dfinitions en anglais et en franais, ainsi que les termes quivalents dans les langues additionnelles. Egalement appel Vocabulaire Electrotechnique International en ligne. Service Clients: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv/custserv_entry-f.htm Si vous dsirez nous donner des commentaires
16、sur cette publication ou si vous avez des questions, visitez le FAQ du Service clients ou contactez-nous: Email: csciec.ch Tl.: +41 22 919 02 11 Fax: +41 22 919 03 00 IEC 60534-2-1 Edition 2.0 2011-03 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Industrial-process control valves Part 2-1: Flow capaci
17、ty Sizing equations for fluid flow under installed conditions Vannes de rgulation des processus industriels Partie 2-1: Capacit dcoulement Equations de dimensionnement pour lcoulement des fluides dans les conditions dinstallation INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE
18、INTERNATIONALE XA ICS 23.060.40; 25.040.40 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-88912-399-5 Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale 2 60534-2-1 IEC:2011 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 4 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6
19、 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 Symbols . 8 5 Installation 9 6 Sizing equations for incompressible fluids 10 6.1 Turbulent flow . 10 6.2 Pressure differentials 11 6.2.1 Sizing pressure differential, p sizing. 11 6.2.2 Choked pressure differential, p choked. 11 6.2.3 Liquid critical pressure ratio fac
20、tor, F F. 11 6.3 Non-turbulent (laminar and transitional) flow . 11 7 Sizing equations for compressible fluids . 11 7.1 General . 11 7.2 Pressure differentials 12 7.2.1 Sizing pressure drop ratio, x sizing. 12 7.2.2 Choked pressure drop ratio, x choked12 7.3 Specific heat ratio factor, F . 12 7.4 Ex
21、pansion factor, Y . 13 7.5 Compressibility factor, Z 13 7.6 Non-turbulent (laminar and transitional) flow . 14 8 Correction factors common to both incompressible and compressible flow . 14 8.1 Piping geometry correction factors 14 8.2 Estimated piping geometry factor, F P14 8.3 Estimated combined li
22、quid pressure recovery factor and piping geometry factor with attached fittings, F LP. 15 8.4 Estimated pressure differential ratio factor with attached fittings, x TP. 16 9 Reynolds Number, Re V16 Annex A (normative) Sizing equations for non-turbulent flow 18 Annex B (normative) Sizing equations fo
23、r fluid flow through multistage control valves 21 Annex C (informative) Piping factor computational considerations . 28 Annex D (informative) Engineering Data 34 Annex E (informative) Reference calculations 41 Bibliography 54 Figure 1 Reference pipe section for sizing . 10 Figure B.1 Multistage mult
24、ipath trim . 23 Figure B.2 Multistage single path trim 24 Figure B.3 Disk from a continuous resistance trim The complete trim consists of a number of these disks stacked together. . 25 Figure B.4 Sectional view of continuous resistance trim with multiple flow passages having vertical undulations 25
25、Figure C.1 Determination of the upper limit of the flow coefficient by the iterative method . 32 60534-2-1 IEC:2011 3 Figure C.2 Determination of the final flow coefficient by the iterative method . 33 Figure D.1 Piping geometry factors 37 Figure D.2 Pressure recovery factors . 39 Figure D.3 Liquid
26、critical pressure ratio factor F F. 40 Table 1 Numerical constants N 17 Table B.1 Values of the stage interaction factors, k, and the reheat factors, r for multistage single and multipath control valve trim . 27 Table B.2 Values of the stage interaction factors, k, and the reheat factors, r for cont
27、inuous resistance control valve trim . 27 Table C.1 Incompressible flow . 31 Table C.2 Compressible flow . 31 Table D.1 Typical values of valve style modifier F d , liquid pressure recovery factor F Land pressure differential ratio factor x T at full rated travel a). 35 4 60534-2-1 IEC:2011 INTERNAT
28、IONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ INDUSTRIAL-PROCESS CONTROL VALVES Part 2-1: Flow capacity Sizing equations for fluid flow under installed conditions FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotech
29、nical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications
30、, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, go
31、vernmental and non- governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisio
32、ns or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for internat
33、ional use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order
34、 to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clear
35、ly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bo
36、dies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, proper
37、ty damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in th
38、is publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any o
39、r all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60534-2-1 has been prepared by subcommittee 65B: Measurement and control devices, of IEC technical committee 65: Industrial-process measurement, control and automation. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition published in 1998.
40、This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: the same fundamental flow model, but changes the equation framework to simplify the use of the standard by introducing the notion of p sizing ; chang
41、es to the non-turbulent flow corrections and means of computing results; multi-stage sizing as an Annex. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: 60534-2-1 IEC:2011 5 FDIS Report on voting 65B/783/FDIS 65B/786/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard
42、 can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. A list of all the parts of the IEC 60534 series, under the general title Industrial-process control valves, can be found on the IEC website. The co
43、mmittee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised ed
44、ition, or amended. 6 60534-2-1 IEC:2011 INDUSTRIAL-PROCESS CONTROL VALVES Part 2-1: Flow capacity Sizing equations for fluid flow under installed conditions 1 Scope This part of IEC 60534 includes equations for predicting the flow of compressible and incompressible fluids through control valves. The
45、 equations for incompressible flow are based on standard hydrodynamic equations for Newtonian incompressible fluids. They are not intended for use when non-Newtonian fluids, fluid mixtures, slurries or liquid-solid conveyance systems are encountered. The equations for incompressible flow may be used
46、 with caution for non-vaporizing multi-component liquid mixtures. Refer to Clause 6 for additional information. At very low ratios of pressure differential to absolute inlet pressure (p/p 1 ), compressible fluids behave similarly to incompressible fluids. Under such conditions, the sizing equations
47、for compressible flow can be traced to the standard hydrodynamic equations for Newtonian incompressible fluids. However, increasing values of p/p 1result in compressibility effects which require that the basic equations be modified by appropriate correction factors. The equations for compressible fl
48、uids are for use with ideal gas or vapor and are not intended for use with multiphase streams such as gas-liquid, vapor-liquid or gas-solid mixtures. Reasonable accuracy can only be maintained when the specific heat ratio, , is restricted to the range 1,08 0,84 (e.g. some multistage valves), greater
49、 inaccuracy of flow prediction can be expected. Reasonable accuracy can only be maintained for control valves if: 047 , 0 2 18 d N CNote that while the equation structure utilized in this document departs radically from previous versions of the standard, the basic technology is relatively unchanged. The revised equation format was adopted to simplify presentation of the va
