1、 IEC 60076-1 Edition 3.0 2011-04 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Power transformers Part 1: General Transformateurs de puissance Partie 1: Gnralits IEC 60076-1:2011 THIS PUBLICATION IS COPYRIGHT PROTECTED Copyright 2011 IEC, Geneva, Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise speci
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16、TIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALE Power transformers Part 1: General Transformateurs de puissance Partie 1: Gnralits INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE XB ICS 29.180 PRICE CODE CODE PRIX ISBN 978-2-88912-438-1 Registered trademark of the Internati
17、onal Electrotechnical Commission Marque dpose de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale 2 60076-1 IEC:2011 CONTENTS FOREWORD . 5 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references . 8 3 Terms and definitions . 8 3.1 General . 8 3.2 Terminals and neutral point . 9 3.3 Windings . 10 3.4 Rating . 11 3.5 Tapping
18、s . 13 3.6 Losses and no-load current . 15 3.7 Short-circuit impedance and voltage drop 16 3.8 Temperature rise . 17 3.9 Insulation 17 3.10 Connections 17 3.11 Test classification 18 3.12 Meteorological data with respect to cooling . 19 3.13 Other definitions 19 4 Service conditions 20 4.1 General .
19、 20 4.2 Normal service conditions . 20 5 Rating and general requirements 22 5.1 Rated power 22 5.1.1 General . 22 5.1.2 Preferred values of rated power . 22 5.1.3 Minimum power under alternative cooling modes . 22 5.1.4 Loading beyond rated power 23 5.2 Cooling mode 23 5.3 Load rejection on transfor
20、mers directly connected to a generator 23 5.4 Rated voltage and rated frequency 23 5.4.1 Rated voltage 23 5.4.2 Rated frequency 23 5.4.3 Operation at higher than rated voltage and/or at other than rated frequency 24 5.5 Provision for unusual service conditions 24 5.6 Highest voltage for equipment U
21、mand dielectric tests levels . 25 5.7 Additional information required for enquiry 25 5.7.1 Transformer classification 25 5.7.2 Winding connection and number of phases 25 5.7.3 Sound level . 26 5.7.4 Transport . 26 5.8 Components and materials 26 6 Requirements for transformers having a tapped windin
22、g . 27 6.1 General Notation of tapping range 27 6.2 Tapping voltage tapping current. Standard categories of tapping voltage variation. Maximum voltage tapping. 27 6.3 Tapping power. Full-power tappings reduced-power tappings . 30 60076-1 IEC:2011 3 6.4 Specification of tappings in enquiry and order
23、. 31 6.4.1 General . 31 6.4.2 Constructional specification . 31 6.4.3 Functional specification . 32 6.5 Specification of short-circuit impedance 32 6.6 Load loss and temperature rise . 33 7 Connection phase displacement symbols . 34 7.1 Connection and phase displacement symbols for three-phase trans
24、formers and for single phase transformers connected in a three phase bank 34 7.1.1 Connection symbol 34 7.1.2 Phase displacement in clock number notation 34 7.1.3 Windings not intended to be loaded . 35 7.1.4 Reconnectable windings 35 7.1.5 Examples 35 7.2 Connection and phase displacement symbols f
25、or single phase transformers not in three phase bank . 37 7.2.1 Connection symbol 37 7.2.2 Phase displacement in clock number notation 38 7.2.3 Windings not intended to be loaded . 38 7.2.4 Reconnectable windings 38 8 Rating plates 39 8.1 General . 39 8.2 Information to be given in all cases . 39 8.
26、3 Additional information to be given when applicable 40 9 Safety, environmental and other requirements 41 9.1 Safety and environmental requirements . 41 9.1.1 Liquid leaks . 41 9.1.2 Safety considerations 41 9.2 Dimensioning of neutral connection . 42 9.3 Liquid preservation system 42 9.4 DC current
27、s in neutral circuits . 43 9.5 Centre of gravity marking 43 10 Tolerances . 43 11 Tests 44 11.1 General requirements for routine, type and special tests . 44 11.1.1 General . 44 11.1.2 Routine tests . 46 11.1.3 Type tests . 46 11.1.4 Special tests 47 11.2 Measurement of winding resistance . 47 11.2.
28、1 General . 47 11.2.2 Dry-type transformers 47 11.2.3 Liquid-immersed type transformers 48 11.3 Measurement of voltage ratio and check of phase displacement 48 11.4 Measurement of short-circuit impedance and load loss 48 11.5 Measurement of no-load loss and current 49 11.6 Measurement of zero-sequen
29、ce impedance(s) on three-phase transformers 50 11.7 Tests on on-load tap-changers Operation test 51 4 60076-1 IEC:2011 11.8 Leak testing with pressure for liquid immersed transformers (tightness test) 51 11.9 Vacuum deflection test for liquid immersed transformers . 51 11.10 Pressure deflection test
30、 for liquid immersed transformers 52 11.11 Vacuum tightness test on site for liquid immersed transformers . 53 11.12 Check of core and frame insulation . 53 12 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) 53 13 High frequency switching transients 54 Annex A (informative) Check list of information to be provi
31、ded with enquiry and order . 55 Annex B (informative) Examples of specifications for transformers with tappings . 59 Annex C (informative) Specification of short-circuit impedance by boundaries . 63 Annex D (informative) Examples of three-phase transformer connections 64 Annex E (normative) Temperat
32、ure correction of load loss 67 Annex F (informative) Facilities for future fitting of condition monitoring systems to transformers . 68 Annex G (informative) Environmental and safety considerations 69 Bibliography 70 Figure 1 Different types of voltage variation . 30 Figure 2 Illustration of clock n
33、umber notation . 35 Figure 3 Illustration of clock number notation for transformers with open windings . 37 Figure 4 Illustration of clock number notation . 39 Figure C.1 Example of specification of short-circuit impedance by boundaries . 63 Figure D.1 Common connections . 64 Figure D.2 Additional c
34、onnections 65 Figure D.3 Designation of connections of three-phase auto-transformers by connection symbols (auto-transformer Ya0) 66 Figure D.4 Example of three single-phase transformers connected to form a three- phase bank (connection symbol Yd5) 66 Table 1 Tolerances 44 Table B.1 Example of combi
35、ned voltage variation 60 Table B.2 Example of functional specification with HV voltage variation . 61 Table B.3 Example of functional specification with LV voltage variation . 62 Table F.1 Facilities for condition monitoring . 68 60076-1 IEC:2011 5 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ POWER T
36、RANSFORMERS Part 1: General FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions conce
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45、ses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Atten
46、tion is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 60076-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 14: Power transform
47、ers. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 1993, and its Amendment 1(1999). It is a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition: addition of a definition of harmonic content; addition of
48、a subclause on transport; addition of functional method of specification; addition of connection symbols for single phase transformers; addition of safety and environmental requirements; addition of requirements for liquid preservation systems; 6 60076-1 IEC:2011 addition of a clause on DC currents;
49、 addition of vacuum, pressure and leak tests on tanks; the requirements formerly in Annex A are now incorporated in the text and Annex A is now an informative checklist; informative annexes have been added on facilities for condition monitoring and environmental and safety considerations. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 14/675/FDIS 14/6
