1、- 1 -河北省沧州盐山中学 2018-2019 学年高二英语下学期周测试题（3.18-3.24，无答案）一、阅读理解（本大题共 5 小题，共 10.0 分）AFOR us humans， one of the greatest experiences is to taste all kinds of delicious food But for penguins， they cannot get a taste of this happiness Thats because penguins cant actually taste the delicious flavors （味道） of
2、their favorite food-fish! Scientists from the University of Michigan examined the genome （基因组） of five species of penguins They found that not one can taste umami （鲜味）， the flavor of meat or fish， the BBC reported Many animals have five basic tastes： sweet， sour （酸）， salty bitter （苦） and umami But a
3、ccording to genetic（遗传的）data， penguins are believed to have only sour and salty tastes These findings are surprising and puzzling And scientists dont have a good explanation for them But they have a few ideas First， one of the umami genes doesnt work in cold temperatures “Its about zero degrees when
4、 they eat cold fish，“ Zhang Jianzhi， the lead scientist， told the Daily Mail， so even if the penguins had a functional（功能的）gene， it might not work when they needed it Plus， penguins tongues are very special which may have something to do with their lack of taste Instead of being covered with taste b
5、uds which help to taste food， penguins tongues are extremely spiky （钉子似的） This is better for them to hold slippery （滑的） fish than tasting them One study even showed that some types of penguins dont even have taste buds， But penguins seem to be managing just fine “Their behavior of swallowing food wh
6、ole and their tongue structure and function suggest that penguins need no taste perception（知觉），“ said Zhang1. The study finds that _ A. different penguins have their own favorite fishB. penguins have different genomes for the five tastesC. penguins cant taste the flavor of fishD. penguins dont have
7、any of the five basic tastes2. Penguins can only taste _ A. salty and sour B. sour and sweetC. sweet and salty D. bitter and umami3. From Paragraph 5， we learn that _ A. penguins umami genes work well in cold temperaturesB. penguins only eat cold fishC. temperatures can decide the umami genes of pen
8、guinsD. the umami genes in penguins would work when needed4. Paragraph 6tells us that _ - 2 -A. a lack of taste is good for penguinsB. penguins tongues are very spikyC. penguins prefer to eat slippery fishD. there are no taste buds on penguins tongues5. All of the following decide that penguins need
9、 no taste perception EXCEPT _ A. they always swallow food wholeB. their tongue structure is specialC. their tongue function is differentD. they live in cold temperatures二、阅读七选五（本大题共 5 小题，共 10.0 分）Easy Ways to Keep Your Brain Sharp Everyone is forgetful, but as we grow old, we start to feel like our
10、brains are slowing down a bit, which can be a very annoying thing. (6) Read on for some techniques worth trying.(7) .People who regularly made plans and looked forward to future events had a 50% reduced chance of Alzheimers disease (老年痴呆), according to a study. (8)Something as simple as setting a go
11、al to have a weekly coffee date with a friend will do. Theres evidence that people who have a purpose in life or who are working on long or short-term (短期的) goals appear to do better. In other words, keep your brain looking forward to future events.Go for a walk.Slightly raised glucose (葡萄糖) levels
12、can harm the area of your brain that helps you form memories. Physical activity can help get blood glucose down to normal levels. In fact, exercise produces chemicals that are good for your brain. (9) Learn something new.Take a foreign language class online, join a drawing club, or learn to play car
13、ds. A study found that mental stimulation (刺激 ) limits the weakening effects of aging on memory and the mind. But the best thing for your brain is when you learn something new and are physically active at the same time. (10) Or go dancing with your friends.A. Luckily, research shows there is a lot y
14、ou can do to avoid those moments. B. In other words, when you take care of your body, you take care of your brain. C. This can be especially harmful to the old people. D. It should be something like learning gardening. - 3 -E. So take a few minutes each day to do some reading. F. Focus on the future
15、. G. But dont worry if your schedule isnt filled with life-changing events. 三、完形填空（本大题共 20 小题，共 40.0 分）Growing up is not always easy. When facing difficulties, courage and a spirit of independence (独立) can be more useful than crying for (11) ! Thats what Hong Zhanhuis story of (12) from boy to man w
16、ith family hardships (艰难) tell us.Hong was born in 1982 in a poor family in Xihua County, Henan Province. When he was (13) 11, his father became mentally ill and one day came back with an abandoned (被抛弃的) baby girl. A year later, Hongs mother and younger brother both (14) home because of poverty (贫困
17、) and pressure (压力) from his ill father.The burden (负担) fell onto the 12-year-olds shoulders: to treat his fathers illness, to (15) the adopted (领养的) sister Chenchen, and to go on to study.Hong didnt (16) . Since a young age, he has worked in a part-time job to feed his family. At the same time, he
18、has studied at college. To take care of Chenchen, he worked hard to (17) a room near his campus for her, and send her to school.After Hongs story went public, people were (18) to tears by his selflessness. Hard as (虽然 ) his life was, Hong didnt (19) his father and the adopted (20) , because they nee
19、ded his help. With his hard-won money, he even helped other students (21) against misfortune (厄运).Today when many tend to worry more about their own happiness, Hongs deeds (行为) (22) us of what we usually neglect (忽略): love and care for others. Without these, (23) of us could survive.Hong (24) donati
20、ons (捐献) from others. He said he felt encouraged by kind offers, but he could (25) his own work. Short of (缺乏) money to buy food, the boy climbed tall trees to get birds eggs for his baby sister. He walked two hours at weekends to buy different things to (26) around his school to earn money. Through
21、 his hard life, the boy developed (27) to overcome misfortune (战胜厄运) that made him a hero in peoples eyes.Hongs story shows love and willpower, and no hardship can (28) a person but himself. So when facing difficulties, dont (29) about bad luck. Consider what more you could do for your family and so
22、ciety (30) you will find the world smiling back.- 4 -11 A. money B. food C. clothes D. help12 A. changing B. growing C. moving D. turning13 A. only B. already C. ever D. still14 A. stayed B. went C. sold D. left15 A. care for B. give up C. stick to D. devote to16 A. go away B. run out C. give up D.
23、turn down17 A. build B. rent (租) C. buy D. patient18 A. encouraged B. moved C. inspired D. made19 A. abandon B. like C. avoid D. feed20 A. brother B. daughter C. sister D. uncle21 A. fight B. learn C. stand D. turn22 A. left B. remembered C. reminded D. told23 A. anyone B. everyone C. none D. no one
24、24 A. accepted B. received C. revised D. refused25 A. depend on B. stick to C. refer to D. turn to26 A. show B. eat C. sell D. share27 A. a chance B. an ability C. a spirit D. a belief28 A. bury B. defeat C. with D. knock29 A. worry B. care C. complain D. joke30 A. and B. or C. when D. until四、语法填空（本
25、大题共 1 小题，共 20.0 分）Refresh our environmentAs the director stated（31）_behalf of his researching group，the data of the graph makes a clear （32）_（present） of the future environmental tendencyOn one hand，the quantity of fuels keeps on（33）_（decrease） by 9% per year while the growth of a wide range of poll
26、ution has been a global trendOn the other hand，the mildly but （34）_（steady）going up of the average temperature is resulting in catastrophes like widespread floodsWithout disagreement，they subscribe to the view that it is humans existence and their randomly consuming energy （35）_ result in this pheno
27、menonMany people have a （36）_ （commit） that developing nuclear power of energy from outer space will stop bad consequences coming aboutHowever，scientists and educators are（37 ）_（oppose） to this view even if our needs may be met on the wholeThey tend （38）_（advocate）refreshing our circumstances by sav
28、ing energy and recycling waste（39）_is suggested that we use energy-saving appliances such as electrical motors and microwaves and not be casual about little things like recycling a canSo please glance around and see what you can doSo long as everybody makes a（40）_（contribute），we will not have to put
29、 up with this problem anymore五、短文改错（本大题共 1 小题，共 20.0 分）Last week, I met a stranger who seemed to be losing. I offered to guide him to a place he wanted to go to, but to my surprise, he refused my offer to helping. I asked - 5 -him why not. He told me that he was afraid I would ask him money if I hel
30、ped him in this way. Then I fell into deep thoughts: Was it money which came between us? I agree that money is become more and more important in our society, and it should not be everything. We should try my best to help others and trust each other. If everyone does this, our society will be better and better.
