1、1刷题大卷练(四)第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40分)第一节 (共 15小题；每小题 2分，满分 30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A2019太原市高三阶段性测评INTRODUCTIONChinese Government Scholarship program for international students is established by the Ministry of Education(MOE) of the Peoples Republic of China aiming to promote Chinese higher
2、education brand on an international basis. China Scholarship Council, entrusted by the MOE, holds the responsibility of verification(证实), approval and the routine management of the program.SCHOLARSHIP COVERAGETuition; campus accommodation fees; medical insurance and a monthly allowance.APPLICANTSApp
3、licants must be nonChinese citizens and in good health.Applicants for a masters degree program must have a bachelors degree and be under 35.Applicants for a doctoral degree program must have a masters degree and be under 40.APPLICATION1Apply online at www. campuschina. org2Mail application documents
4、 to East China Normal University (ECNU)An application form for Chinese Government Scholarship.The highest diploma and academic transcripts(学生成绩单)(notarized photocopies). Documents in languages other than Chinese or English must be attached with notarized(经过公证的) translation in Chinese or English.A re
5、search plan. It is required to be no more than 800 words.Recommendation letters. Applicants for postgraduate studies must submit two letters of recommendation in Chinese or English by professors or associate professors.A photocopy of Foreigner Physical Examination Form. Please select the appropriate
6、 time to take medicalexamination as it is valid for only 180 days.The HSK (Chinese Proficiency Test) certificate.The processing fee. The bank wire receipt should be enclosed in the application package.3Application dateYour application documents should reach the International Students Office of ECNU
7、by April 30th.APPROVAL AND NOTIFICATIONThe result will be posted online at http：/ by the end of June.【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了中国为国际学生设立的中国政府奖学金项目的具体情况。【难句分析】 Chinese Government Scholarship program for international 2students is established by the Ministry of Education(MOE)of the Peoples Republic of Chi
8、na aiming to promote Chinese higher education brand on an international basis.分析：本句是一个较复杂的简单句。其中 aiming to promote Chinese higher education brand on an international basis为现在分词短语作伴随状语，修饰 Chinese Government Scholarship program。译文：针对国际学生的中国政府奖学金项目由中华人民共和国教育部设立，旨在促进中国高等教育品牌国际化。1What do we know about th
9、e program?AThere is no age limit for applicants.BThe application is due on June 30th.CIt is only for international students.DThere are two websites for application.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第一段第一句“Chinese Government Scholarship program for international students. on an international basis”可知，这个项目只针对国际学生，故选 C
10、。2What will applicants have to pay according to the text?ATuition. BProcessing fees.CAll living costs. DMedical examination charge.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据 APPLICATION部分中的“The processing fee. The bank wire receipt. package”可知，申请者需支付手续费。3What can we infer from the text?ALonger research plans are preferred.B
11、The HSK certificate is valid for only 180 days.CGovernment officials give recommendation letters.DEducation certificates in Chinese or English are accepted.答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据 APPLICATION部分中的“Documents in languages. in Chinese or English”可推知，英语或汉语版本的教育证书都是可以接受的。BI always dreamed of studying abroad, to
12、 learn at a worldclass university while further exploring the grounds on which these nations achieved new milestones of development with each passing day.To study abroad after my graduation, I could not stop seeking my dream. To take the first step, I did some brainstorming and explored opportunitie
13、s on the Internet and finally decided to go for China. There were a number of reasons behind it its advanced education system and thousands of centuries of rich culture inspired me to study there. The primary one was my curiosity how a nation has left many nations behind in a short time at its fast
14、pace of development.So just like that, I applied, along with some of my friends, for a masters degree program at Communication University of China. I was the only one who got selected in the said program and in addition, the Chinese Scholarship Council sponsored all of my expenses. This good news wa
15、s welcomed by my family.This is my seventh month in Beijing. In my experience so far, one thing that appeared to be missing was the internship (实习) which I tried to find because I want to work here after completion of my studies. After some struggles I was lucky enough to get the opportunity to work
16、 as an intern with the Center for China and Globalization (CCG). Its very exciting to work on their team as a researcher. Now I can proudly say that my decision to choose China as a study destination was the best decision I have ever made.3【文章大意】 本文是记叙文。作者讲述了自己来中国留学实现自己的梦想的经历。【核心素养】 文章以一位国外留学生在中国的圆梦
17、之旅为载体，展示了中国的国际影响力和魅力，有助于考生增强家国情怀和理想自信，体现了文化意识的核心素养。【长难句分析】 I always dreamed of studying abroad, to learn at a worldclass university while further exploring the grounds on which these nations achieved new milestones of development with each passing day.分析：本句是主从复合句，句子主干是 I always dreamed of studying a
18、broad。不定式短语 to learn at a worldclass university作目的状语。while further exploring the grounds on which.each passing day是省略了 I am的时间状语从句，该从句中的 on which引导定语从句，修饰先行词 grounds。译文：在进一步探索这些国家在过去每一天里取得重要成就的原因时，我一直梦想着留学，在一所世界一流大学里学习。4What does the author intend to do in the beginning?AAdd some background informat
19、ion.BSummarize the main idea of the text.CExplain the reason for writing the passage.DEncourage people to pursue dreams.答案与解析：A 考查写作意图。第一段主要讲作者一直都希望能够去世界一流大学学习，交代了故事发生的背景信息，故 A项正确。5What is the most important reason for the author coming to China?AChinas rich culture.BHis curiosity.CChinas advanced e
20、ducation system.DHis familys support.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“There were a number of reasons behind it”和“The primary one was my curiosity how a nation has left many nations behind in a short time at its fast pace of development”可知，作者选择到中国留学的最重要的原因是对这个国家充满了好奇。注意：解答本题的关键是理解文中primary的含义，primary 意为“最重要的”
21、。6What can we learn about the author from the last paragraph?AHe plans to work in China after graduation.BHe wants to be a researcher in the future.CHe is most proud of studying in China.DHe found a job upon arriving in Beijing.答案与解析：A 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“which I tried to find because I want to work her
22、e after completion of my studies”可知，作者想毕业后在中国工作，故 A项正确。7What can be a suitable title for the text?ALearning and Working in ChinaBTravel Experiences in ChinaCRealization of Dreams in ChinaDImportance of Having Dreams答案与解析：C 考查标题判断。文章主要讲述一位留学生在中国的圆梦之旅，所以选C项。C2019武汉市毕业班训练The Maltese Islands are rich in
23、 Neolithic (新石器时代的) sites. Ggantija in Gozo, Tarxien, and the Hagar Qim/Mnajdra Complex here on Maltas south coast are perhaps the most wellknown. These piles of stones are some of the earliest known manmade structures in the world. They are showing their age a bit, but what would you expect for bui
24、ldings that are five and a half thousand years old? 4My house was built in the year 2000 and is already in bad condition round the edges. These temples are older than the pyramids!In my opinion the temples are best seen after the visitors have left. Come with me for a late afternoon walk down the hi
25、ll past Hagar Qim towards the Mnajdra Complex. There are chain link fences around the temples now but we can ignore those and try to imagine why Maltas earliest people took the trouble to build these structures on this windy and poor hillside.Of course the temples would have looked rather different
26、when they were constructed. They may have been decorated with pigments and possibly even roofed with animal skins or other materials. Who knows? We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1,000year period or so.Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar Qim is the easiest if you have a car. Or if you d
27、ont mind a hike, you could get a bus to Qrendi (3 km away) or Zurrieq (5 km away) and walk from there. Warning: although the distances are not too great, walking several kilometers in the Maltese sun can be very hard and possibly dangerous. Take water and sunscreen.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了马耳他的一些著名的建筑群。
28、【难句分析】 Of course the temples would have looked rather different when they were constructed.分析：本句是一个主从复合句，其中 when引导时间状语从句，意为“当时” 。译文：当然，这些庙宇在建造时看起来会有很大的不同。8What makes the writer wonder about the temples?ATheir history. BTheir appearance.CHow they were built. DWhen they were built.答案与解析：B 考查推理判断。根据第一段
29、中的“These piles of stones are some of the earliest known manmade structures in the world”及第二段中的“There are chain link fences around the temples now”以及文章大部分是对寺庙的外观进行描述可推知，作者对这些寺庙感到好奇的地方是它们的外表。9What are we aware of about the construction of the temples?AThey have been transformed.BThey look the same as
30、before.CThey were carefully designed.DThey are not what they used to be.答案与解析：D 考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“We do know that they were changed and added to over a 1,000year period or so”可推知，我们对寺庙的建筑结构的了解是它们不再是过去的样子了。10How can we admire the sites getting the least sunburn?ABy hiking there. BBy riding a car.CBy tak
31、ing water. DBy taking a bus.答案与解析：B 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar Qim is the easiest if you have a car”和最后两句话可知，我们可以通过驾车去欣赏这些地方，避免晒伤。11Where can we possibly find the text?AIn a political speech. BIn historical fiction.CIn a travel magazine. DIn a geography textbook.答案与解析：C 考查文章出处。根据全文
32、内容，尤其是最后一段中的“Getting to Mnajdra and Hagar Qim is the easiest if you have a car. Or if you dont mind a hike, you could get a bus to Qrendi (3 km away) or Zurrieq (5 km away) and walk from there”可推知，这篇文章可能来自旅游杂志。D2019合肥市高三质量检测5New research shows that people with blue eyes have a single, common ancesto
33、r. A team at the University of Copenhagen have tracked down a genetic mutation(突变) which took place 6,00010,000 years ago and is the cause of the eye colour of all blueeyed humans alive on the planet today.“Originally, we all had brown eyes， ” said Professor Hans Eiberg.“But a genetic mutation affec
34、ting the OCA2 gene(基因) in our body resulted in the creation of a switch, which literally turned off the ability to produce brown eyes.” The OCA2 gene codes for the socalled P protein, which is involved in the production of melanin(黑色素). It gives colour to our hair, eyes and skin.The switch, which is
35、 located in the gene close to OCA2, does not, however, turn off the gene entirely, but rather limits its action to reducing the preduction of melanin in the eyeball effectively turning brown eyes to blue. The effect of the switch on OCA2 is very specific therefore. If the OCA2 gene had been complete
36、ly destroyed or turned off, human beings would be without melanin in their hair, eyes or skin colour.Variation in the colour of the eyes from brown to green can all be explained by the amount of melanin in the eyeball, but blueeyed individuals only have a small degree of variation in the amount of m
37、elanin in their eyes. “From this we can conclude that all blueeyed individuals are linked to the same ancestor， ” says Professor Eiberg.“They have all inherited(继承) the same switch at exactly the same spot in their DNA.”Browneyed individuals, by contrast, have considerable individual variation in th
38、e area of their DNA that controls melanin production.The mutation of brown eyes to blue represents neither a positive nor a negative mutation. It is one of several mutations such as hair colour, baldness, and beauty spots, which neither increases nor reduces a humans chance of survival. As Professor
39、 Eiberg says, “it simply shows that nature is constantly affecting the human genes and trying out different changes as it does so.”【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了基因突变是如何改变人们眼睛的颜色的。12What is the finding of Professor Hans Eibergs team?AThe eye colour can be changed by adjusting genes today.BBlueeyed people have
40、 survived due to their special genes.CThe eye colour can help discover what peoples ancestors were.DA genetic mutation leads to the change of peoples eye colour.答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句中的“a genetic mutation(突变) is the cause of the eye colour of all blueeyed humans alive on the planet today”可知，Hans Ei
41、berg 教授团队发现基因突变导致人类眼睛颜色的改变，故选 D项。13What can we learn about “the switch” from Paragraph 3?AIt produces melanin directly.BIt can be limited by other genes.CIt helps produce less melanin.DIt helps OCA2 function in our body.答案与解析：C 考查细节理解。根据第三段第一句中的“The switch. but rather limits its action to reducing t
42、he production of melanin in the eyeball”可知，它有助于减少黑色素，故选 C项。14Why can we conclude all blueeyed individuals are linked to the same ancestor?AThey have almost the same gene.BThey have more variation in genes.6CThey have more melanin in their eyes.DThey have a small degree of variation in the amount of
43、melanin.答案与解析：D 考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“but blueeyed individuals only have a small degree of variation in the amount of melanin in their eyes.From this we can conclude that all blueeyed individuals are linked to the same ancestor， ”可知，在他们的眼睛的黑色素数量上他们有着较少程度的改变是我们得出所有蓝色眼睛的人有共同祖先的原因。15What does the last paragra
44、ph want to tell us?ANature affects our genes.BOnly the fittest can survive.CWe are decided by our genes.DSome genetic mutations are pointless.答案与解析：A 考查推理判断。根据最后一段最后一句中的“it simply shows that nature is constantly affecting the human genes and trying out different changes as it does so”可推知，自然影响着我们的基因。
45、第二节 (共 5小题；每小题 2分，满分 10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。2019成都市重点中学高三段考There are times when people come into your life, and you know at once that they are sure to be there. They serve some sort of purpose, teach you a lesson or help figure out who you are or who you want to become. You nev
46、er know who these people may be: your classmate, neighbor, teacher, longlost friend or even a real stranger. But _16_， you know that at that very moment they will affect your life in some serious way. _17_. However, on reflection you realize that without getting over them you would have never realiz
47、ed your potential ability and strength.Everything happens for a reason and nothing happens by chance or with good or bad luck. _18_. Without these small tests, life would be like a smooth road to nowhere. The people affecting your life, and the successes and failures you experience, help to create w
48、ho you are and who you become.Even the bad experiences can be learned from. In fact, they are probably the most important ones. If someone hurts you, forgive them, _19_._20_， for you may never be able to experience it again. Talk to people you have never talked to before, and really listen. You shou
49、ld set your sights high, hold your head up, tell yourself you are a great individual and believe in yourself. Create your own life and then go out and live it with absolutely no regrets.Most importantly, if you love someone, tell him or her, for you never know what tomorrow may have in store.Awhen you look eyes into themBbecause you are likely to get addicted to themCDont forget to embrace those unpleasant moment
