1、- 1 -仙桃中学 2018 年秋季学期八月考试高三英语试题本试题卷共 13页，全卷满分 150分。考试用时 120分钟。祝考试顺利注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将考号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用统一提供的 2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。3非选择题的作答：用统一提供的签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。答在试题卷、草稿纸上无效。4考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分 30分）第一节（共 5小题；每小题 1.
2、5分, 满分 7.5分）听下面 5段对话, 每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A,B,C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.When does school start?A.6:35. B. 6:45. C. 7:15.2. Who made the cake?A. Jess. B. Max. C. Claire.3. What problem did they come across?A. They werent able to take a break.B. They had trou
3、ble with some software.C. They needed to update some software.4. What is going on with the woman?A. She is going to get married.B. She has a bad friend.C. She forgets to tell people things.5. What does Rose choose to drink?- 2 -A. Iced milk tea.B. Iced black tea.C. Hot green tea.第二节（共 15小题；每小题 1.5分,
4、 满分 22.5分）听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题 5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出 5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6段材料，回答第 6小题和第 7小题。6.Where does the woman suggest visiting during the winter?A.Harbin. B. Tianjin. C. Zhangjiajie.7.Which scenic spot is associated with Avatar
5、?A. Guilin. B. Yangshuo. C. Zhangjiajie.听第 7段材料，回答第 8和第 9两个小题。8.What does the woman think of the mans work?A. Excellent. B. Awful. C. Original.9.Where would this conversation probably take place?A. In a work office.B. In the classroom.C. In a lecture hall.听第 8段材料，回答第 10至第 12三个小题。10.Where is Amy now?
6、A. Germany. B. London. C. France.11.How does the man know what his friends are doing?A. Through face-to-face talk.B. Through strangers posts.C. Through WeChat.12.How does the man think we should use social media?A. We should stop using it.B. We should post frequently.C. We should limit our time onli
7、ne.- 3 -听第 9段材料，回答第 13至第 16四个小题。13.Whats the relationship between the two speakers?A. Husband and wife B. Friends C. Brother and sister14.Whats wrong with Hector?A. Hes been working too much.B. He often falls asleep in class.C. He doesnt want to work in the grocery store.15.What is Teresa busy with?
8、A. She is busy with a musical.B. She is busy with her AP classes.C. She is busy with her part-time job.16.How will the speakers help their children?A. Ask them to quit.B. Encourage them to keep going.C. Take them on a summer vacation.听第 10段材料，回答第 17至第 20四个小题。17.Who is the target audience for this te
9、xt?A. Tourists. B. Students. C. Europeans.18. What can you see in Bali?A. Cornfields. B. Tropical forests. C. Skyscrapers.19. What is the best time to go to Bali?A. March to August. B. April to October. C. July to December.20. What is the weather like in Bali in November?A. Humid and cloudy.B. Cool
10、and dry.C. Sunny and windy.第二部分阅读理解（共两节, 满分 40分）第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2分, 满分 30分）阅读下列短文, 从每篇短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中, 选出最佳选项。A- 4 - 5 -Text E1. Who is the manager of Finance Department?A. Carmin Donkin B. Amtpmop ParejoC. Franciso Garcia D. Jane Sullivan2. Whats the purpose of Text B?A. to help staff conta
11、ct colleaguesB. to ask to change the time of a meetingC. to give personal details to the employerD. to inform staff of the changes to a meeting3. What does “Please print” in text D mean?A. use a printerB. send an email- 6 -C. sign your nameD. write very clearly4. What should you do if your departmen
12、t needs paper urgently?A. complete a formB. go to Head OfficeC. contact the Stationery ManagerD. telephone Finance Manager【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，通过几张表格介绍了拜登百货大楼的经理职位联系电话和公司的一些日常工作等信息。【1 题详解】细节理解题。根据第一张表格中 Finance这一行得知 Carmin Donkin Carmin Donkin是财务部门的经理。故选 A。【2 题详解】推理判断题。根据 Text B内容得知由于
13、铁路罢工安东尼奥害怕同事们会上班迟到而要求会议推迟。故选 B。【3 题详解】推理判断题。根据 Text D内容得知这是一张百货大楼申请文具时需要填写表格，Please print出现在名字那一行，说明要求名字一定要清楚。故选 D。【4 题详解】细节理解题。根据 Text D中最后一行得知当你的部门急需用纸张时，要联系文具部门经理。故选 C。BDifferences in land usage, building height, tree cover, rooftop color, and even how orderly the streets are all have an effect o
14、n temperature. Taken together, these factors can result in hyper-localized differences in the heat felt throughout a city, which in turn can have a big effect on whos most threatened by heatwaves. That is why citizen scientists are starting to map the urban heat island effect.- 7 -Later this month,
15、a team of researchers and about 20 volunteers will spread out across Washington D.C. and Baltimore to take the cities temperatures. Equipped with instruments that record temperature data every second, theyll drive or bike the same route three times to create a snapshot(快照)of how temperatures vary th
16、roughout the day. Those snapshots will then be collected to produce detailed maps of heat differences.“If similar research conducted in Richmond, Virginia last July is any guide, those differences can be quite large. Temperatures in more industrial parts of Richmond reached 102F (38.9C) on the same
17、day that a nearby shade-filled park topped out at 87F (30.6C)”, said Jeremy Hoffman, a researcher with the Science Museum of Virginia.Based on the data collected throughout Richmond last year, project member Vivek Shandas at Portland State University and his colleagues were able to produce maps of u
18、rban heat across the city as well as heat vulnerability(脆弱性),which takes socioeconomic differences into account. Those maps are now being used to inform a citywide master plan update and a climate resilience(复原)plan.Shandas and Hoffman plan to produce similar maps from this months campaigns in D.C.
19、and Baltimore. Finally, the two are hoping to scale up this effort even further. Shandas said he wish to create an off-the-shelf set of guidelines that any city can use to launch its own heat island campaign and generate citywide temperature maps.Hoffman sees this as a way to help people to relate c
20、limate change to their own lives, and then actually do something about it.“The volunteers serve as a feedback mechanism to spread the findings,“ he said. “We can do heat island assessments using satellites, but we want a team of volunteers measuring temperatures in their neighborhoods to gain a bett
21、er understanding of where they live.“5. The heat differences throughout the city result from the following factors except .A. height of buildings B. usage of land- 8 -C. layout of streets D. social economy6. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. In Richmond, the diffe
22、rence of temperature between industrial parts and the nearby park can reach 15C on the same day.B. The maps of heat differences across Richmond make little contributions to the city plans.C. The researchers will appoint volunteers to take the temperatures in D.C. and Baltimore to cut down the expens
23、e.D. Producing the maps of heat differences is a good way to help people take action to reduce the threat of heatwave.7. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “off-the-shelf” in paragraph 5?A. superb B. availableC. tough D. random【答案】5. D 6. D 7. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。公民科学家发现一个城市的土地使用、建
24、筑高度、树木覆盖、屋顶颜色和甚至街道的规划的差异都会影响这个城市的温度，公民科学家们根据这些因素来绘制城市热岛效应图，它对于帮助人们采取行动减少热浪威胁来说是个很好的方法。【5 题详解】细节理解题。根据首段 Differences in land usage, building height, tree cover, rooftop color, and even how orderly the streets are all have an effect on temperature.得知导致城市温度不同的因素有土地使用、建筑高度和街道布局，但是没有提到社会经济。故选 D，【6 题详解】推理
25、判断题。根据最后一段 Hoffman sees this as a way to help people to relate climate change to their own lives, and then actually do something about it.“得知专家们认为设计出热量区别图，对于帮助人们采取行动减少热浪威胁来说是个很好的方法。故选 D，- 9 -【7 题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段 Shandas said he wish to create an off-the-shelf set of guidelines that any city can use to
26、 launch its own heat island campaign and generate citywide temperature maps.得知 Shandas 希望他们能够设计出一套任何城市在推行自己的热岛活动时都可以使用的指导方案。故选 D，【点睛】细节理解题的答案往往不是文章中的细节在选项中的简单重复，而是根据文中的细节经过合理的推理或转化得出的。1同样，按照答案在原文中出现的位置，细节理解题可以分为集中型细节理解题和分散型细节理解题。（1）集中型：就文章的单个细节提问，答案在原文中出现的位置一般也位于单句话或几句话中。因为具体细节不同，出题形式千变万化，因题而异。如：1.
27、The heat differences throughout the city result from the following factors except（2）分散型：题目涉及到文章某一段或几段，甚至贯穿全文的各个位置，需要考生寻找文章中的多个细节。请注意，分散型细节理解题并不意味着题目的正确答案出现在文章的不同位置，正确答案往往也是关于文章的某一个句子或细节。只是说文章的干扰选项是关于不同的细节，需要我们在定位的时候阅读某一个区域。分散型细节理解题常见的出题方式有：Which of the following is not true? We can learn/infer from
28、the passage that Which of the following is NOT mentioned about ?也有因题而异的，有些看似集中的其实也分散在文中，需要考生仔细定位。CAlison Malmon was completing the end of her freshman year at the University of Pennsylvania, US, when she got the news: Her older brother Brian, a student at Columbia University, was suffering from ment
29、al illness.Influenced by this, Malmon formed a group at her university to enable students to talk openly about mental health. It soon blossomed into a national organization that today has more than 450 campus chapters. Leaders with the organization spend their time talking with college students abou
30、t the pressure that todays young people face. “What you hear often is just a need to be - 10 -perfect,” said Malmon, “and a need to present oneself as perfect.”And a new study in the UK proved that this need for perfectionism is simply part of todays society. In the study, two researchers studied mo
31、re than 40,000 students from the US, Canada, and the UK. They found that what they called “socially-prescribed (社会定向型的) perfectionism” increased by a third between 1989 and 2016.Lead researcher Thomas Curran said that while so many of todays young people try to present a perfect appearance online, s
32、ocial media isnt the only reason behind this trend. Instead, he said, it may be driven by competition in modern society, meaning young people cant avoid being sorted and ranked in both education and employment. That comes from new norms (准则) like greater numbers of college students, standardized tes
33、ting and parenting that increasingly emphasizes success in education.For example, in 1976, half of high school seniors expected to get a college degree of some kind. By 2008, more than 80 percent expected the same. The researchers also said changes in parenting styles over the last two decades might
34、 have had an impact. As parents feel increased pressure to raise successful children, they in turn pass their “achievement anxieties” onto their kids through “excessive (过多的) involvement in their childs routines, activities or emotions.”Those in the mental health community like Malmon say theyre con
35、cerned about the impact the culture of perfectionism has on mental health on campuses. “Mental health has truly become this generations social justice issue,” she said. “Its our job to equip them with the tools and to let people know that its not their fault.”8. What is the article mainly about?A. T
36、he effects of the culture of perfectionism.B. Research into the trend of perfectionism.C. A group dedicated to helping people stay mentally healthy.D. Various pressures that todays young people are facing.- 11 -9. What inspired Alison Malmon to start a group related to mental health?A. Her brothers
37、mental illness.B. Her project during the freshman year.C. The pressure she had experienced.D. Her strong interest in mental health.10. What may be pushing todays young people to struggle to be perfect, according to the article?a. The impact of social media.b. Parents high expectations of their child
38、ren.c. The decreasing number of college students.d. The fierce competition in society.e. Their desire to draw their parents attention.A. a, b, c B. a, d, eC. a, b, d D. b, c, e11. What does Malmon think is a way to help young people manage the pressure of perfectionism?A. Enabling them to know what
39、is to blame for their pressure.B. Lowering their expectations of themselves.C. Reducing parents involvement in their childrens life.D. Making them aware of what true social justice is.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A【解析】本文是一篇科学研究，是什么让千禧一代变成了焦虑的完美主义者？究其根源，英国科学家发现这都是因为社交媒体、家长高期望值和社会激烈的竞争导致的。【8 题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三
40、段 And a new study in the UK proved that this need for perfectionism is simply part of todays society.得知本文讲述了英国对完美主义趋势的一项新调查。故选 D。【9 题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 Influenced by this, Malmon formed a group at her - 12 -university to enable students to talk openly about mental health.得知 Malmon 在大学成立这个小组让大学生们能够敞开心扉谈论
41、自己的精神问题，是因为受到自己的弟弟患有精神问题的影响。故选 A。【10 题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段 Lead researcher Thomas Curran said that while so many of todays young people try to present a perfect appearance online, social media isnt the only reason behind this trend. Instead, he said, it may be driven by competition in modern society, mean
42、ing young people cant avoid being sorted and ranked in both education and employment. That comes from new norms (准则) like greater numbers of college students, standardized testing and parenting that increasingly emphasizes success in education.得知研究人员发现社交媒体、现代社会的竞争激烈以及父母强调教育都是导致人们变成了焦虑的完美主义者的原因。故选 C。
43、【11 题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段 she said. “Its our job to equip them with the tools and to let people know that its not their fault.”.得知 Malmon 认为让精神有压力出问题的大学生们意识到其根源而不是自己的过错，这是一个很好的减压方式。故选 A。DIn 2007, a small team of Amazon employees had been working for a few years on a new e-book reader project called Kindl
44、e. Its now been a decade since Amazon unveiled the first Kindle to the world, selling out its initial inventory in less than six hours. Since then, the device has torn through the publishing industry. “Kindle” has become a platform, not a device. It entered the market and completely took up it.The K
45、indle team always has two goals: to perfectly imitate a paper book, and to extend and improve the reading experience. Thats what readers want, too. In a world filled with distractions and notifications and devices that do everything, the Kindles lack of features becomes its greatest benefit.But read
46、ers also want to read everywhere, in places and ways a paperback cant manage. They want more tools, more features, more options, more stuff to do. Amazons still working out how to satisfy both sides. Whatever route it - 13 -takes, the next decade of Kindle is likely to be even more disruptive than t
47、he last. First it changed the book business. Next it might help change books themselves.For a decade, Amazons constantly offered new ways for people to read books. But as platforms change, books havent, and the incompatibility(不相容) is beginning to show.The next phase for the digital book seems likel
48、y to not resemble print at all. Instead, the next step is for authors, publisher, and readers to take advantage of all the tools available now and figure out how to reinvent reading. Amazon and the book world are beginning to figure out whats possible.Future users might flip between reading and list
49、ening with the touch of a button, ask a digital assistant for more information on the plot or the feelings of the characters, texting with characters themselves, going to important real-world locations to start a chapter or find a clue and even helping write the narrative.12. What is the biggest advantage of the Kindle?A. Reading experience.B. Books themselves.C. Simple features.D. Many functions.13. According to the underlined part, the next d
