1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13758-1:2002 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Textiles Solar UV protective properties Part 1: Method of test for apparel fabrics The European Standard EN 13758-1:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 59.080.30 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COP
2、YRIGHT LAW Licensed Copy: AUB User, na, Fri Feb 02 16:37:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 13758-1:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Policy and Strategy Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the S
3、tandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 January 2002 BSI 18 June 2002 ISBN 0 580 38967 7 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 13758-1:2001. It supersedes BS 7914:1998 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to T
4、echnical Committee TCI/66, Apparel, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be fo
5、und in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of this
6、 publication are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change,
7、and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date di
8、splayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 13962 Corrigendum No. 1 18 June 2002 Correction of clause numbering for Clauses 8 and 9 Licensed Copy: AUB User, na, Fri Feb 02 16:37:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy,
9、 (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13758-1 November 2001 ICS 59.080.30; 61.020 English version Textiles Solar UV protective properties Part 1: Method of test for apparel fabrics Textiles Proprits de protection contre le rayonnement UV solaire Partie 1: Mthode dessai pour to
10、ffes destines lhabillement Textilien Schutzeigenschaften gegen ultraviolette Sonnenstrahlung Teil 1: Prfverfahren fr Bekleidungstextilien This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 October 2001. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the condit
11、ions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three off
12、icial versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the respons bility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, B
13、elgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre
14、: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2001 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13758-1:2001 E Licensed Copy: AUB User, na, Fri Feb 02 16:37:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13758-1:2001 (E) 2 Foreword Thi
15、s European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 248, Textiles and textile products, the Secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May
16、 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2002. This standard includes a normative annex A and informative annexes B and C. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implemen
17、t this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: AUB User, na, Fri Feb 02 16:37:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled
18、Copy, (c) BSIEN 13758-1:2001 (E) 3 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the erythemally weighted ultraviolet (UV) radiation transmittance of standard conditioned apparel fabrics to assess their solar UV protective properties. This method is not suitable for fabr
19、ics which offer protection at a distance such as umbrellas, shade structures or artificial sources. NOTE This standard may not be appropriate for fabrics with small colour and construction variations. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisio
20、ns from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate place in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by am
21、endment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 20139:1992, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing (ISO 139:1973). 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations For the purposes of this European Standard th
22、e following terms and definitions apply. 3.1.1 wavelength ( ) spatial period of radiation expressed in nanometres 3.1.2 ultraviolet radiation (UVR) electromagnetic radiation with wavelength between 180 nm and 400 nm UVA: ultraviolet radiation with wavelength between 315 nm and 400 nm UVB: ultraviole
23、t radiation with wavelength between 280 nm and 315 nm 3.1.3 solar irradiance E( ) quantity of energy emitted by the sun received at the surface of the earth per unit wavelength and per unit area. It is expressed as Wm -2 nm -1 . The solar UVR spectrum as measured at the earths surface extends betwee
24、n 290 nm and 400 nm 3.1.4 erythema reddening of the skin caused by various physical or chemical agents 3.1.5 erythema action spectrum ( ) relative erythemal effectiveness of radiation with wavelength 3.1.6 spectral transmittance T( ) ratio of transmitted radiation and incident radiation at a wavelen
25、gth Licensed Copy: AUB User, na, Fri Feb 02 16:37:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13758-1:2001 (E) 4 3.1.7 integrating sphere hollow sphere whose internal surface is a non-selective diffuse reflector 3.1.8 fluorescence absorption of radiation of a particular wavelength and its re-emi
26、ssion within a short time as optical radiation of greater wavelength 3.1.9 spectral bandwidth width in nanometres at half peak intensity of optical radiation emerging from a monochromator 3.1.10 sample recess error error introduced when the sample is recessed from the port of the integrating sphere
27、(e.g. by using a filter between the port and the sample). In this case part of the diffused transmitted radiation is intercepted and will not enter the sphere. The sample recess error depends on sample construction, distance of sample from port and ratio of port and illumination patch dimensions 3.1
28、.11 shade particular hue, depth or lightness of colour 3.1.12 construction set of parameters such as materials, interlacing and pattern which describe the fabric 3.1.13 Ultraviolet Protection Factor (UPF) expression of the level of protection as attained by the method described in this standard 4 Pr
29、inciple The UPF of a textile material is determined from the total spectral transmittance T( ) as follows: 400 290 400 290 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( UPF T E E with: E( ): the solar irradiance (see annex A); ( ) : the erythema action spectrum (see annex A); : the wavelength interval of the measurements; T(
30、 ): the spectral transmittance at wavelength . The total spectral transmittance is measured by irradiating the sample with monochromatic or polychromatic UV radiation and collecting the total (diffuse and direct) transmitted radiation. In the case of polychromatic incident radiation, the transmitted
31、 radiation is collected monochromatically. The apparatus shall either irradiate the sample with a parallel beam and collect all transmitted radiation with an integrating sphere or irradiate the sample hemispherically and collect a parallel beam of transmitted radiation. Licensed Copy: AUB User, na,
32、Fri Feb 02 16:37:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13758-1:2001 (E) 5 5 Apparatus The measurement device consists of the following: 5.1 A UV source, providing UV radiation throughout the wavelength range 290 nm to 400 nm. Suitable UV sources include Xenon arc lamps, Deuterium lamps and
33、 Solar simulators. 5.2 An integrating sphere, having total openings representing not more than 10 % of the internal spherical surface. The internal surface shall be lined with a highly reflective matt surface, e.g. barium sulfate paint. It shall be fitted with baffles to shield the inner detector or
34、 the inner source from the specimen port and, if applicable, the sphere wall where the incident flux is measured. 5.3 A monochromator, suited for measurements with a spectral bandwidth of 5 nm or less in the wavelength region 290 nm to 400 nm. 5.4 UV transmitting filter, which transmits significantl
35、y only at wavelengths less than approximately 400 nm and which does not fluoresce. 5.5 A specimen holder to hold a specimen in a flat, tensionless or in a predefined stretched state. This device shall not obstruct the entrance port of the integrating sphere and shall ideally position the fabric in t
36、he plane of the integrating sphere port. In the case where a parallel incident beam is used, the surface of the beam should be at least 25 mm 2and should cover at least 3 times the repeat fabric construction. Moreover, in the case of a monochromatic incident beam and for reducing the sample recess e
37、rror, the ratio of the smallest dimension of the port of the integrating sphere to the largest dimension of the illumination patch shall also be larger than 1,5. The beam should be normal to the fabric to within 5 degrees. The angular divergence of the beam should be less than 5 degrees about the be
38、am axis. These conditions should apply to the collected beam if diffuse illumination is used. A suitable UV transmitting filter shall be positioned between the sample and the detector if the instrument monochromates before the sample. When this is not practical the filter shall be placed at the spec
39、imen port between the specimen and the sphere. The thickness of the UV transmitting filter shall be between 1 mm and 3 mm. 6 Preparation and conditioning of test specimens 6.1 Preparation For uniform materials, at least 4 specimens shall be prepared. These specimens shall be as widely spaced as poss
40、ible across the fabric width. The first 5 cm from each selvedge shall be discarded and samples shall not be taken closer than 1 m from the beginning or the end of the fabric piece. For materials with areas of various shades and/or construction at least two specimens of each colour and of each textur
41、e area shall be tested. The specimen dimensions shall be sufficient to cover the specimen aperture of the instrument. 6.2 Conditions for testing The conditioning and testing shall be done in accordance with EN 20139:1992. If the testing instrument is not cited in these standard atmospheric condition
42、s transportation and testing of the conditioned test specimen shall be finished within 10 min. 7 Procedure 7.1 Place the specimen to be tested before the entrance port of the integrating sphere such that the face of the fabric intended to be worn away from the skin is exposed to the UV source. Licen
43、sed Copy: AUB User, na, Fri Feb 02 16:37:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13758-1:2001 (E) 6 7.2 In instruments that monochromate before the sample, check for fluorescence. If a fluorescent agent is present use a UV transmitting filter and verify its effectiveness. 7.3 Record the tran
44、smittance between 290 nm and 400 nm and record the data at least every 5 nm. 8 Calculation and expression of the results 8.1 General Calculate the arithmetic mean of the UVA transmittance (UVA i ) for each specimen i as follows: 400 315 ) ( 1 UVA T m i i Calculate the arithmetic mean of the UVB tran
45、smittance (UVB i ) for each specimen i as follows: 315 290 ) ( 1 UVB i i T k where: T i ( ) is the spectral transmittance of specimen i at wavelength ; m and k are the number of measurement points between 315 nm and 400 nm and between 290 nm and 315 nm respectively. These definitions are applicable
46、only when the wavelength interval, , is fixed, e.g. 5 nm, during the measurements. Calculate the Ultraviolet Protection Factor for each specimen i as follows: 400 290 400 290 ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( UPF T E E i i where: E( ) = solar spectral irradiance in Wm -2nm -1(see annex A, Table 1) ( ) = relative
47、erythemal effectiveness (see annex A, Table 2) T( ) = spectral transmittance of specimen i at wavelength = wavelength step in nm 8.1.1 Uniform sample In the case of a uniform sample, calculate the mean UPF of the sample as follows: n i i UPF n 1 average 1 UPF Licensed Copy: AUB User, na, Fri Feb 02
48、16:37:52 GMT+00:00 2007, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEN 13758-1:2001 (E) 7 The standard deviation (s) of the mean UPF is given as follows: 1 ) UPF (UPF 1 2 average n s n i i with n the number of specimens. The sample UPF is given as: n s t n 1 /2, average UPF UPF with t /2, n-1as specified in Table 1:
49、 Table 1 Determination of t /2, n-1for = 0,05 Number of specimen n-1 t /2, n-1 4 3 3,18 5 4 2,77 6 5 2,57 7 6 2,44 8 7 2,36 9 8 2,30 10 9 2,26 When UPF is less than the lowest positive UPF measured for a particular specimen, then the UPF of that specimen shall be reported. When the sample UPF is greater than 50, only “UPF 50” need be reported. 8.1.2 Non-uniform sample
