1、1主旨大意题A(2018天津，C)Theres a new frontier in 3D printing thats beginning to come into focus：food. Recent development has made possible machines that print，cook，and serve foods on a mass scale. And the industry isnt stopping there. Food productionWith a 3D printer，a cook can print complicated chocolate
2、sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do thatit takes years of experience，but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Foodini to “recreate forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same， ” freeing cooks to complete other tasks. In ano
3、ther restaurant，all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3Dprinted，rather than farm to table. Sustainability(可持续性)The global population is expected to grow to 9. 6 billion by 2050，and some analysts estimate that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to maintain current levels. Sus
4、tainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably contribute to the solution. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体)from plentiful renewables like algae (藻类) and grass to replace the familiar ingredients (烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions.
5、Grocery stores of the future might stock “food” that lasts years on end， freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements. NutritionFuture 3D food printers could make processed food healthier. Hod Lipson，a professor at Columbia University，said， “Food printing could allow c
6、onsumers to print food with customized nutritional content， like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterdays bread from the supermarket，youd eat something baked just for you on demand. ”ChallengesDespite recent advancements in 3D food printing，the industry has many challenges to overcome. C
7、urrently，most ingredients must be changed to a 2paste(糊状物) before a printer can use them，and the printing process is quite timeconsuming，because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that，most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients，because meat a
8、nd milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers，believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and highend restaurants. 文章大意：本文是一篇科普文章。它主要介绍了 3D食物打印机的优点和缺点。 What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production？ _B_AIt helps cooks to crea
9、te new dishes. BIt saves time and effort in cooking. CIt improves the cooking conditions. DIt contributes to restaurant decorations. 解析：推理判断题。根据 Food production标题下的第二句“. . . it takes years of experience，but a printer makes it easy. ”知利用 3D打印机打印食物省时省力，故答案为 B。 What can we learn about 3D food printing
10、from Paragraph 3？ _D_AIt solves food shortages easily. BIt quickens the transportation of food. CIt needs no space for the storage of food. DIt uses renewable materials as sources of food. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的 renewables知，3D 打印机用的是可再生材料，故D项正确。 According to Paragraph 4,3Dprinted food _B_. Ais more availa
11、ble to consumersBcan meet individual nutritional needsCis more tasty than food in supermarketsDcan keep all the nutrition in raw materials解析：推理判断题。根据该段中的“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content，like vitamins. ”知，3D 打印机打印食物可以满足个人的营养需求，故答案为 B。 What is the
12、main factor that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely？ _C_AThe printing process is complicated. B3D food printers are too expensive. 3CFood materials have to be dry. DSome experts doubt 3D food printing. 解析：细节理解题。根据 Challenges下的 on top of that，most of the 3D food printers now are restrict
13、ed to dry ingredients知选项 C正确。A项“打印过程很复杂” ，B 项“3D 食物打印机太贵” ，D 项“有些专家质疑 3D食物打印”，均为无中生有。 What could be the best title of the passage？ _A_A3D Food Printing：Delicious New TechnologyBA New Way to Improve 3D Food PrintingCThe Challenges for 3D Food ProductionD3D Food Printing：From Farm to Table解析：标题归纳题。本文介
14、绍了一种美味的新科技3D 食物打印，故 A项适合作文章标题。B(2018全国，B)Good Morning Britains Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning，but she is cooking up a storm in her latest roleshowing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. In Save Money： Good Food，she visits a dif
15、ferent home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste，while preparing recipes for under 5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot of what shes learnt into practice in her own home，preparing meals for
16、 sons，Sam,14，Finn,13，and Jack,11. “We love Mexican churros，so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant， ”she explains. “I pay 5 for a portion (一份)，but Matt makes them for 26p a portion，because they are flour，water，sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food，but sometimes w
17、ere not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves. ”The eightpart series (系列节目)， Save Money： Good Food，follows in the footsteps of ITVs Save Money： Good Health，which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market. With food our biggest weekly hou
18、sehold expense，Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In tonights Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team 4transforms the familys long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes. 文章大意：
19、本文是一篇新闻报道。 早安英国的节目主持人苏珊娜瑞德新推出了一档节目 Save Money： Good Food，向观众展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜。 What do we know about Susanna Reid？ _B_AShe enjoys embarrassing her guests. BShe has started a new programme. CShe dislikes working early in the morning. DShe has had a tight budget for her family. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“. .
20、. she is cooking up a storm in her latest roleshowing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget. ”可知，苏珊娜瑞德在她的最新角色中起劲儿地炒菜做饭向家庭展示如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜，由此可知，她推出了新的节目。 How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna？ _C_AHe buys cooking materials for her. BHe prepares food for her kids. CH
21、e assists her in cooking matters. DHe invites guest families for her. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“. . . with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste. . . ”可知，苏珊娜在厨师马特的帮助下向人们提供关于如何减少食物浪费的建议，也就是说马特会在烹饪问题上协助苏珊娜。 What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4？ _C_ASummarize the
22、previous paragraphs. BProvide some advice for the readers. CAdd some background information. DIntroduce a new topic for discussion. 解析：推理判断题。第四段介绍了 Save Money： Good Food这一节目是仿照了 Save Money： Good Health的风格，为观众提供关于如何从市场上大量健康产品中获取价值的建议，因此本段是介绍这个节目的背景的。 What can be a suitable title for the text？ _D_AKeeping Fit by Eating Smart BBalancing Our Daily DietCMaking Yourself a Perfect Chef DCooking Well for Less解析：标题归纳题。全文介绍了 Save Money： Good Food这个节目旨在教人们如何用较少的预算做出美味营养的饭菜，因此 D项作为标题最合适。5
