1、1必修 2 Unit 3 Computers李仕才一、阅读理解If you want to slow aging, you might want to eat less. This finding is good news-if you were a mouse. The researchers studied mice, not people.John Price and other researchers studied two groups of mice. One group was able to eat as much as it wanted. The researchers l
2、imited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.Price says the mice with the diet restrictions were “more energetic and suffered fewer disease.” They were not just living longer but seemed to stay younger for a longer period of time.
3、The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes. Price explains that ribosomes are responsible for making important proteins in the cells. But with fewer calories, they slow down. This gives the cells more time to repair themselves.The researchers sa
4、y ribosomes use from 10 to 20 percent of the cells energy to make those proteins. Price wrote that “because of this, it is impractical to destroy an entire ribosome” when it starts to break down. However, “repairing individual parts of the ribosome on a regular basis enables ribosomes to continue pr
5、oducing high quality proteins for longer than they would otherwise. This top quality production, in turn, keeps cells and the entire body functioning well.”Price said, “ribosome is a very complex machine, like a car.” They need “maintenance to replace the parts that wear out the fastest. When tires
6、wear out,” he explained, “you dont throw the whole car away and buy a new one. It costs less to replace the old tires.”“Food,” he said, “isnt just material to be burned-its a signal that tells our body and cells how to respond.” Price said the findings help to explain how exactly our bodies age. And
7、 this may “help us make more educated 2decisions about what we eat.”1.What can we know about the mice with limited calories from the study?A. They can keep healthy easilyB. They need more energy to be activeC. They can look younger than they areD. They will live a longer life like humans2.What will
8、happen to ribosomes if there are fewer calories?A. They will completely break downB. They make proteins in the cells slowlyC. They will produce high quality proteins moreD. They may need more time to repair themselves3.Price explained the ribosomes role of repairing themselves by _.A. telling a stor
9、y B. listing basic dataC. making comparisons D. experimenting on mice4.What does the text mainly deal with?A. Food decides how long you liveB. Can you slow down your aging process?C. Eating less may help you live longerD. Should your diet be reduced for your health?【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。通过研究实验发现：吃的少会使你长寿。1
10、.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中 The researchers limited what the mice in the other group ate. Their diet had 35 percent fewer calories than the first group of mice.的提示可知他们能够很容易保持健康，故选 A。2.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中 The researchers found that fewer calories slow down a natural mechanism in cells called ribosomes.的提示可知它们
11、会在细胞中缓慢地产生蛋白质，故选 B。34.C 【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段首句 If you want to slow aging, you might want to eat less. This finding is good news的提示可知这片名文章的主旨是吃的少会使你长寿，故选 C。 二、完形填空When your child is supposed to be doing homework, are they chatting with their friends on Facebook or playing games? Many studies have shown th
12、at multitasking doesnt _1_， _2_ you child is probably proudly claiming they can do ten things _3_！ Many people believe that they can _4_ two or more tasks at the same time, but Dr. Edward Hallowell says this is _5_. The reality is that multitasking _6_ poor job performance.New handhelp _7_ such as s
13、martphones, iPads, games and social networking sites make it very easy to multitask and _8_ attention leading to difficulty focusing on the task _9_， such as listening in the classroom or doing homework. “_10_， the brain actually _11_ kids for multitasking even though your childs performance on ever
14、y task gets worse and worse. Kids dont know that they are doing _12_ because they feel better when they multitask， ” says Dr. Edward Hallowell._13_ the appearance of handheld devices and social networking sites, teachers have noticed a difference in _14_ performance, critical thinking skills and how
15、 information is _15_. “Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn， ” says Dr. Edward Hallowell. Kids have a difficult time sticking with a “difficult to understand” topic and _16_ to allow themselves to be distracted (注意力分散的), to tune o
16、ut and switch _17_ to Facebook or using their cell phones _18_ working harder at understanding a difficult subject or problem. In the long _19_， multitasking affects grades. One study shows that kids that use the Internet while in class do _20_ on tests, resulting in lower grades.1A.play Bunderstand
17、Cuse Dwork2A.only if Beven thoughCso that Dno wonder3A.at once Bright awayCin no time Dat random44A.advocate BdealCperform Dprefer5A.impossible BimportantCimpatient Dimpolite6A.results in Bresults fromCexists in Dexists from7A.designs BdiscoveriesCequipment Devidence8A.attract BdrawCpay Dshare9A.at
18、hand Bon timeCon schedule Dat times10A.Uncertainly BUnfortunatelyCUniversally DUndoubtedly11A.remains BrewardsCregards Dreflects12A.better BwellCbad Dworse13A.Since BBeforeCWhen DWhile14A.accidental BaccurateCaccessible Dacademic15A.produced BprocessedCpossessed Dpromoted16A.tend BattendCintend Dpre
19、tend17A.out BonCoff Dover18A.except for Brather thanCmore than Dapart from19A.run BwalkCjourney Ddistance20A.hardly BsuccessfullyCpoorly Dmildly5【解题导语】本文主要讲述了孩子们同时做多项任务对学业所造成的负面影响。1D 根据下文中的“The reality is that multitasking _6_ poor job performance”可推知，一次做很多事情并没有什么效果，work“奏效，起作用” 。2B 根据语境可知，空处上下句之间存在
20、逻辑上的转折关系，even though“即使，尽管” ，符合语境。3A 根据下文中的“Many people believe that they can _4_ two or more tasks at the same time”可知，孩子们会声称能同时做十件事情。at once“一起，同时”。4C 根据语境可知，许多人相信他们可以同时做两件或是更多事情。perform“做，执行，履行” 。5A 根据下文中的“poor job performance”可知，Dr. Edward Hallowell 认为同时做多个任务是不可能的。故 A项正确。6A 根据语境尤其是“poor job perf
21、ormance”可推知，同时做多项任务的结果很不好。result in“导致，造成” 。7C 根据空后的“smartphones, iPads”可知，此处表示新的便携式装备，故 C项正确。下文 13空后的“handheld devices”也是信息提示。8D 根据下文中的“leading to difficulty focusing on the task”可推知，多任务容易分散注意力。share“共享，共用” 。9A 根据空后的“such as listening in the classroom or doing homework”可知，这些都是手头要做的事。at hand“在手边” 。1
22、0B 根据第一段最后两句可知，Dr. Edward Hallowell 并不赞成多任务行为，因此当大脑给这种行为以肯定或鼓励时，他认为是不幸的。11B 根据空后的“even though”可知，空处与 worse形成对比，由此可推知大脑反而鼓励这种多任务行为。reward“奖赏，报答” 。12D 根据上文中的“gets worse and worse”和空后的“because they feel better when they multitask”可知，孩子们并不知道自己变得更糟糕。13A 结合空后现在完成时的运用可知，此处应用连词 since“自从之后”引导状语从句。14D 根据上文的“t
23、eachers”可推知，老师们注意到学生们在学业上的差异。academic“学术的” 。15B 根据下文中的“Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn”可知，这些便携式工具的出现改变了学生处理信息的方式。process“处理” 。16A 根据空前的“Kids have a difficult time sticking with a difficult 6to understand topic”可知，孩子们很难坚持一个理解起
24、来有困难的话题，他们的注意力往往会分散。tend to do sth.“往往会做某事” 。17D 根据语境可知，既然注意力分散了，孩子们就有可能转而关注学习之外的东西。switch over to“转向” 。18B 根据语境可知，孩子们去玩手机或 Facebook，而不是更努力地学习。rather than“而不是” 。19A in the long run 为固定短语，意为“从长远来看” ，符合语境。20C 根据空后的“resulting in lower grades”可知，在课堂上上网的孩子考试成绩差。三、七选五Shortness of breath has many different
25、 causes，and the treatment of it is specific for each cause._1_ There are, however，some following first aid steps you can use to treat it，at least until the ambulance arrives or youre able to get the victim to a hospital._2_ The more energy you spend，the more oxygen you use and the more short of brea
26、th you feel.Think about a good workout at the gym.Exercise hard enough and you will feel short of breath.The cure？Take a break.Let the victim sit，stand or lie wheres the most comfortable.Therere lots of myths about how some body positions supposedly provide more airflow.Coaches regularly tell player
27、s to hold their arms above their heads to maximize chest expansion.Nursing staff assume the “tripod position” is the best position._3_.Use oxygen.This is a special case used only for people with chronic lung problems.If the victim has oxygen available, this is what its for._4_ The victim may have be
28、en told by his or her doctor that too much oxygen for too long might cause more problems.Assure the victim that sudden increases in shortness of breath are the instances in which oxygen is needed most.Treat the cause of shortness of breath._5_ Asthma patients，for example，often have multiple tools an
29、d drugs to fix sudden shortness of breath.Victims of lung infections may need to see a doctor and heart attack victims may need an ambulance.AHave the victim rest.BTake more exercise at the gym.CThe victim should use his or her oxygen as directed by a doctor.7DTherere many causes of shortness of bre
30、ath and many of them are treatable.EThe victim can try to avoid making use of his or her oxygen whenever possible.FEvery person is different，however，so let the victim decide what position is the most comfortable.GIn many cases，the only way to treat shortness of breath is to call 911 or take the vict
31、im to a doctor.【解题导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲述了呼吸困难的发生有很多原因，同时提出了四种急救方法。1G 本段主要讲呼吸困难有很多原因，治疗呼吸困难有不同的方法，因此空处应讲治疗呼吸困难的一般方法，且与下文构成转折关系，故选 G。2A 根据本段中的“The cure？Take a break”可知，本段主要讲让患者休息这种方法，故选 A。3F 根据第三段的主题句可知，此处表示每个人感觉舒服的方式都不同，所以空处应讲让病人决定最舒服的姿势，故选 F。4C 根据本段的主题句可以判断此处指要使用氧气，故选 C。5D 根据空处上下文可以判断，此处表示呼吸困难有很多原因，但是可以治疗
32、的，故选 D。四、短文改错I have met many teachers since I begin my schooling.Of all my teachers，Mrs.Green is the one who impresses me most.Though she is 50，she looks very young at her age.Comparing with other teachers，Mrs.Green pays more attention to her way of teaching.She tries various ways to make her class
33、lively and interestingly.In her opinion，we will not only know “what” but also understand “why”. So instead of giving us answer immediately，she encourages us to think carefully every time when she puts forward questions.With her help, we have learned how to analyze and settled problems.What the amazi
34、ng world of “why” she leads us! She is such a learned person that we all admire him very much.【答案】 I have met many teachers since I my schooling.Of all my beginbeganteachers，Mrs.Green is the one who impresses me most.Though she is 50，she looks 8very young her age. with other teachers，Mrs.Green pays
35、more atfor ComparingComparedattention to her way of teaching.She tries various ways to make her class lively and .In her opinion，we will not only know “what” but also interestinglyinterestingunderstand “why”. So instead of giving us immediately，she answeranswersencourages us to think carefully every time she puts forward questions.With whenher help, we have learned how to analyze and problems.What amazing settledsettle theanworld of “why” she leads us ! She is such a learned person that we all toadmire very much.himher
