1、1Unit 21 Human Biology李仕才【阅读理解】There are two types of people in the world.Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life,one becomes happy and the other becomes unhappy.This arises from the different ways in which they consider things,persons,events and the resulting
2、 effects upon their minds.People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things: the pleasant parts of conversation,the well prepared dishes,the goodness of the wine and the fine weather.They enjoy all the cheerful things.Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the
3、opposite things.Therefore,they are continually dissatisfied.By their remarks,they sour the pleasure of society,offend(hurt) many people,and make themselves disagreeable everywhere.If this turn of mind was founded in nature,such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied.The intention of criticiz
4、ing(批评) and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation(模仿).It grows into a habit,unknown to its possessors.The habit may be strong,but it may be cured when those who have realized its bad effects on their interests and tastes.I hope this little warning may be of service to them,and help them ch
5、ange this habit.Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination,it has serious results in life since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck.Those people offend many others; nobody loves them,and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect.This frequently puts the
6、m in bad temper and draws them into arguments.If they aim at getting some advantages in social position or fortune,nobody wishes them success.Nor will anyone start a step or speak a word to favor their hopes.If they bring on themselves public objections,no one will defend or excuse them,and many wil
7、l join to criticize their wrongdoings.These should change this bad habit and be pleased with what is pleasing,without worrying needlessly about themselves and others.If they do not,it will be good for others to avoid any contact(接触) with 2them.Otherwise,it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inco
8、nvenient,especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.1.People who are unhappy_.A.always consider things differently from othersB.usually are affected by the results of certain thingsC.usually misunderstand what others think or sayD.always discover the unpleasant side of certain things2.Th
9、e phrase “sour the pleasure of society” means “_ ”.A.have a good taste with social lifeB.make others unhappyC.tend to scold others openlyD.enjoy the pleasure of life3.In this passage,the writer mainly_.A.describes two types of peopleB.laughs at the unhappy peopleC.suggests the unhappy people should
10、get rid of the habits of unhappinessD.tells people how to be happy in life参考答案： 1.D; 2.B; 3.C解析： 生活中有些人拥有相同的健康、财富和生活条件,但由于考虑事情、人物、事件的角度不同,一些人感到幸福,而另一些人则感到不幸福。由于这些不幸福的人处处冒犯别人,其结果只能是处于被孤立的境地。1.D 推理判断题。从第二段第三句话“Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things.”可以看出另一些人感到不幸福的原因。2.
11、B 词义猜测题。从该短语后的“.offend (hurt) many people,and make themselves disagreeable everywhere”可以猜出 “sour the pleasure of society” 的正确含义。3.C 主旨大意题。本文主要讲的是那些感到不幸福的人处处冒犯别人,若长此以往,则只能处于被孤立的境地,所以他们应改变自己的习惯。完形填空I had to visit my sister in another town because her husband was very 3ill.My whole _1_ couldnt go becau
12、se school was in session.My children stayed back in their fathers _2_， except for the youngest, who was just one year old.I was _3_ about taking a train journey alone with my oneyearold daughter.However，I knew I had to go, so I gathered all my courage and _4_ the train.After waving goodbye to my hus
13、band, I settled down.There were three other _5_ in that carriage, and two of them were quite elderly, while one was a young man.My daughter was _6_， missing her dad.I tried to _7_ her，but it didnt work.I tried giving her water and some biscuits, but her crying wouldnt _8_By this time, I was getting
14、worried about the _9_ being caused to the others.One of the old men was dozing, but _10_ seemed to become very angry.But however much I tried, the sobbing continued.Just then, the young man offered to take my baby into his _11_He stood with her near the window and started _12_ to her in a soft voice
15、.My daughter stopped crying _13_， listening to his baby talk.I was both surprised and _14_， especially because the unhappy old man was now happily reading his book.The stranger _15_ my daughter back once she fell asleep.I thanked the _16_ worker repeatedly and settled down to _17_During the long tra
16、in journey this young man _18_ helped me.He fed my baby, sang to her and told her countless stories.I arrived at my _19_ rested and grateful for this man who had come to my _20_After so many years, I still remember this stranger on the train with a grateful heart.【解题导语】 作者独自一人带着女儿坐火车，女儿在火车上不停地哭，让作者很
17、不安。多亏了同一个车厢里面的年轻人的帮助，作者顺利到达目的地。作者对这个年轻人很感激。1A.friends BstudentsCclassmates DfamilyD 解析：根据下文 My children stayed back in their fathers_可知，我的全“家”(family)不能都去。2A.trouble BprotectionCcare DneedC 解析：根据上文 My whole _ couldnt go because school was in session.可知，我的全家不能都去，孩子待在家里由父亲“照料”(care)。trouble 困难；4protec
18、tion保护；need 需要。3A.nervous BhappyClonely DexcitedA 解析：根据下文 alone with my oneyearold daughter可知，作者对于一个人带只有一岁的孩子坐火车感到“紧张”(nervous)。4A.boarded BleftCslipped DarrivedA 解析：根据上文 I knew I had to go, so I gathered all my courage可知，作者鼓足勇气上了火车。board the train 登上火车。5A.conductors BpassengersCguides DleadersB 解析：
19、根据下文 and two of them were quite elderly, while one was a young man可知，车厢内还有其他三个“乘客”(passengers)。conductor 列车员；guide 导游；leader领导。6A.laughing BshoutingCleaping DcryingD 解析：根据下文 But however much I tried，the sobbing continued.可知，作者的女儿在哭(crying)。7A.trick BfrightenCcomfort DtickleC 解析：根据下文 I tried giving h
20、er water and some biscuits可知，作者想安慰(comfort)她。trick 欺骗；frighten 使害怕；tickle(使)发痒。8A.stop BcontinueCconsider DnoticeA 解析：根据上文 but it didnt work可知，她的哭声还没停(stop)。9A.upset BannoyanceCunhappiness DpovertyB 解析：根据下文 seemed to become very angry可知，作者担心给别人带来的烦恼(annoyance)。upset 烦闷，苦恼；unhappiness 不高兴；poverty 贫穷。
21、10A.another BothersCthe other DotherC 解析：根据上文 two of them were quite elderly可知，有两位老人，一位在打盹，另外一位似乎生气了，这里是特指，用 the other。another 另一个(泛指)；others其他(复数)；other 其他的(后面接名词)。511A.room BarmsCcar DmindB 解析：根据下文 He stood with her near the window and started _ to her in a soft voice.可知，年轻人主动提出帮我抱孩子。take sb. into
22、 ones arms意为“抱着某人” ，符合语境。12A.talking BscreamingCsinging DeducatingA 解析：根据下文 listening to his baby talk可知，年轻人用轻柔的声音和她开始谈话(talking)。scream 尖叫；sing 唱歌；educate 教育。13A.hardly BunwillinglyCslowly DlightlyC 解析：根据下文 listening to his baby talk可知，女儿慢慢地(slowly)停止了哭泣。hardly 几乎不；unwillingly 不情愿地；lightly 轻轻地。14A.
23、shocked BrelievedCembarrassed DannoyedB 解析：根据下文 especially because the unhappy old man was now happily reading his book可知，作者感到既惊讶又宽慰 (relieved)。shocked 惊讶的；embarrassed尴尬的；annoyed 生气的。15A.presented BreturnedCbrought DhandedD 解析：根据下文 once she fell asleep可知，孩子睡着后，年轻人将她交还给我。hand.back意为“(用手)交还给” ，符合句意。pr
24、esent 呈现；return 归还，后接物作宾语；bring 带来。16A.fun BsuccessCmiracle DinnovationC 解析：miracle worker 奇迹创造者。根据上文可知，年轻人将作者的女儿哄睡了，作者认为他创造了奇迹。fun 快乐；success 成功；innovation 创新。17A.rest BplayCeat DdrinkA 解析：根据上文 settled down可知，作者安定下来休息(rest)。18A.continuously BseldomCconsciously DcomfortablyA 解析：根据下文 He fed my baby,
25、sang to her and told her countless stories.可知，这个年轻人一直(continuously)在帮作者。seldom 很少；consciously 有6意识地；comfortably 安慰地。19A.home BdestinationCschool DseatB 解析：根据 arrived at可知作者到达了目的地(destination)。20A.recovery BresolutionCrequirement DrescueD 解析：根据上文 During the long train journey this young man _ helped
26、me.可知，这个年轻人一直在帮作者，作者很感激。 come to ones rescue意为“帮助某人” ，符合题意。recovery 恢复；resolution 决心；requirement 要求。语法填空A lot of the time when I reveal to my French friends that I am a vegetarian (素食者)，a look of horror comes over their faces！1._ has been fascinating to experience the cultural 2._(important) of food
27、 in different countries.In the United Kingdom, vegetarianism is very popular.However，here in France, I often struggle 3._(find) a meatand fishfree option on a menu, 4._can make eating in restaurants a bit of a challenge.A common misconception about vegetarian food is that it is not as tasty, nutriti
28、ous or filling 5._ a meal which involves meat or fish.However, although sometimes vegetarian food requires a little more creativity，it is very easy to enjoy a healthy and 6._(balance)diet as a vegetarian, as meat substitutes are becoming so much more 7._ (easy) accessible.Meatfree Mondays is all abo
29、ut helping people to have one day a week free of meat.By the way the meatfree day does not necessarily have to be a Monday！The campaign 8._(aim) to lower the carbon footprint of the planet as well as to improve our health.This is a great challenge for anyone who would like to try out some vegetarian
30、 cooking and is a wonderful way to contribute to 9._(slow) down climate change.I hope you will enjoy trying out some 10._(amaze) vegetarian recipes!1It 解析：考查 it的用法。设空处作形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语。故填It。2importance 解析：考查名词。由其前的 the cultural可知设空处应填名词，故填 importance。3to find 解析：考查不定式作状语的用法。struggle to do sth.意为“努力去
31、做7某事” 。4which 解析：考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句且指代整个主句，故填 which。5as 解析：考查固定结构。as.as.意为“像一样” 。6balanced 解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。balanced diet 意为“均衡的饮食” 。7easily 解析：考查副词。设空处修饰形容词 accessible，故填副词 easily。8aims 解析：考查一般现在时。由上下文可知此处描述的是现在的情况，故用一般现在时。9slowing 解析：考查动词ing 形式作宾语的用法。contribute to 中的 to是介词，故其后需填动词ing 形式。10amazing
32、解析：考查形容词作定语的用法。设空处作定语，说明事物的特征，意为“令人吃惊的” ，故填 amazing。、七选五Choosing the Right Path to Be a “Better” PersonLife is a constant exercise in selfimprovement.In the rush to achieve, the idea of being “better” can become lost sometimes.You may always wonder how to improve yourself and fulfill your dreams in
33、an easier way. 1. Explore your talents.Everybody has some outstanding skills or interests.So its often necessary to be patient and try many things before you find one that suits you.2 For example, people loving adventure may not be interested in the quiet chess club, but someone who enjoys other qui
34、et activities might be.Determining who you enjoy being around may help you know what youll enjoy.3 No matter how much money you make, you will not be happy if you spend your entire life doing something you hate.Its important to at least devote some of your time to what makes you happy.If youre parti
35、cularly unhappy at your job, consider why.4. If you feel your job isnt meaningful, or isnt in line with your values, consider finding another job.Experience something new.Research has shown that when were in our comfort zone, we arent as productive as we are when we step just beyond it.5. Because of
36、 that, we may react slowly to our own positive experiences.Its important to have new experiences and interactions with others, even when those are a little scary.Doing so can help you achieve more.ADo what you love.BHere are some tips for you.8CRegister in a class youre interested in.DHuman adapt ve
37、ry quickly to positive events.EIts possible that some changes may change your feeling.FSimilar types of people may be attracted to the same activities.GTry not to allow yourself to focus so much on a certain aspect of your life.【解题导语】 人生就是不断自我提升的过程，有时我们急于取得成功，却迷失了自我。本文就如何提升自己给出了一些建议。1B 解析：上文提到你可能想知道
38、如何用更简单的方式提升自己，下文则给出了一些建议。由此可知，设空处承上启下。B 项符合语境。2F 解析：本段最后一句提到，判断你喜欢跟谁在一起有助于你了解自己喜欢什么。由此可知，F 项符合语境。故选 F项。3A 解析：本题考查标题句。根据该标题下的“Its important to at least devote some of your time to what makes you happy.”可知，花时间做自己喜欢的事很重要。由此可知，A 项(做你喜欢的事)符合语境。4E 解析：上文提出如果特别不喜欢现在的工作，考虑一下原因，下文则提出考虑换一份工作。由此可知，E 项(有时候作出一些改变
39、也可以改变你的心情)符合语境。5D 解析：本段的主题是体验新事物。空格后说，正因为如此，我们可能对自己的积极的经历反应迟钝。D 项(人类对积极的事件适应很快)正好解释了下文的现象。故选 D项。、短文改错The day before Mothers Day，everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers were what most students would do.However，I wanted to do s
40、omething differently.As then I lived in school and couldnt go back home on Mothers Day，so I decided to call her and sent her my best wishes.I searched the Internet for suggestions，what were very useful，and I read it carefully.When I called my mother，however，I had the feel that someone elses words wo
41、uld have no meaning to her.So I gave in and just told my mother I loved her and thanked her to all she had done for me.【答案】 The day before Mothers Day，everybody around me was talking about what was most suitable gift they would buy for their mothers. Buying flowers what werewasmost students would do
42、.However，I wanted to do something .As then I differentlydifferentlived in school and couldnt go back home on Mothers Day， I decided to call soher and her my best wishes.I searched the Internet for suggestions， sentsend whatwhich9were very useful，and I read carefully.When I called my mother，however，I
43、 itthemhad the that someone elses words would have no meaning to her.So I gave feelfeelingand just told my mother I loved her and thanked her all she had done for inup toforme.第一处：most 前加 the。考查冠词。母亲节前一天，我周围的所有人都在谈论什么是他们将为母亲买的最合适的礼物。根据句意可知，此处为形容词的最高级，故在 most前加 the。第二处：werewas。考查主谓一致。动名词短语 Buying flo
44、wers作主语时谓语动词需用单数形式，故将 were改为 was。第三处：differentlydifferent。考查形容词。修饰不定代词 something需用形容词。注意：different 在此作后置定语。第四处：去掉 so。考查连词。as“因为” ，引导原因状语从句，故后面的 so多余。第五处：sentsend。考查动词。and 连接的不是并列的谓语动词，而是不定式，第二个不定式前的 to承前省略了。第六处：whatwhich。考查定语从句。先行词为 suggestions，非限制性定语从句缺主语，故用关系代词 which引导。注意：what 不可引导定语从句。第七处：itthem。考查代词。指代前面的 suggestions，需用复数代词 them。第八处：feelfeeling。考查名词。feel 作名词表示“触觉，印象” ，而 feeling作名词表示“想法，意见，感觉” ，显然此处要用 feeling。第九处：inup。考查动词短语。give in 是“让步，屈服”的意思，与语义不符。give up意为“放弃” ，符合语境要求。第十处：tofor。考查介词。此处表示我感谢妈妈为我做过的一切。thank sb.for sth.“为某事感谢某人”为固定用法。
