1、1第六部分 考前回顾附录 1 五年高考阅读理解障碍词汇(熟词生义)新课程标准和普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明中的词汇表是命题人的主要依据,而这个词汇表只提供了英语单词或短语的拼写形式,未有词性和词义。这就给命题人提供了广阔的活动空间,给他们减少了很多限制,但却给考生增加了数倍的难度,因为英语中的一词多义现象是非常普遍的。完形填空和阅读理解等题型中熟词生义现象很多。为了能使我们广大考生顺利通过考试,我们根据新课程标准和普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明的词汇表所列词汇,按照字母顺序逐一解析高考中屡屡遇到的,使学生感到极为棘手的熟词生义。A 组1.about(熟义: prep.关于)We spen
2、t the whole afternoon walking about town.prep.谩骂)She is quite a successful career woman,but actually shes much abused at home. v.虐待4.accept(熟义: vt.接受)Tom accepted her explanation. v.同意(接受别人的观点,看法)I accept that the aircraft has no choice but to crash into the sea. v.认可,领受,认为5.accommodate (熟义: vt.住宿,留
3、宿)This hotel can accommodate more than 500 guests.vt.容纳He accommodated me when I asked him for help. v.准予,提供6.ache(熟义: v./n.疼痛)He was aching for home.v.渴望7.act(熟义: vi.行动)2It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act. vi.起作用8.acknowledge(熟义: vt.承认;道谢)He acknowledged me by lifting his hat. vt.对打招呼
4、9.across(熟义: prep.越过)The two roads cut across each other. prep.与交叉,与成十字10.advance(熟义: v./n.前进,推进)She asked me for an advance on her salary. n.预付(款)Share prices showed significant advances today. n.增加11.add(熟义: v.加)“They dont know.” he added. vt.接着说,又说;补充说12.address (熟义: n.地址 v.写地址)The president shou
5、ld be addressed as “Mr.President.”v.称呼She turned to address the man on her left. vt.直接向说It is said that our headmaster will address the meeting.vt.向发表演说13.admit(熟义: v.承认)The servant opened the door and admitted me (into the house). vt.允许进入The theatre only admits 1,000 persons. vt.容纳14.against(熟义: pr
6、ep.反对,违背)The picture looks good against the white wall.prep.衬着,迎着,靠着15.age(熟义: n.年龄)Worry aged him rapidly. v.使变老16.agree with(熟义:同意)Your story agrees with what I heard.与一致Long plane trips dont agree with me.协调,适合17.air(熟义: n.空气)Dont air your troubles too often. v.抒发;倾诉;传播There was a comfortable air
7、 about her room. n.气氛18.alive(熟义: adj.活着的)The streets are alive with people. adj.充满(活的或动的东西)19.alone(熟义: adv.单独地,一个人地)She alone was able to answer the question. adv.仅仅,只有20.amount(熟义: n.量)The cost amounted to $2000. v.达到,共计What you have said amounts to a refusal. v.相当于21.announce(熟义: v.宣布)3Warm suns
8、hine announces the coming of spring. vt.显示,预告22.appreciate(熟义: v.欣赏;感激,感谢)I appreciate that I may be wrong. v.意识到=realize23.arrival(熟义: n.到达)All stood up to welcome the new arrival. n.到达的人或事物24.at all(熟义:常与 not 连用,构成 not at all,表示“不用谢,一点也不”)This is the first time that I have ever been abroad at all.
9、真的,确实25.arm(熟义: n.手臂)Lay down your arms or well fire! n.武器26.attend(熟义: v.出席)The nurse attended to him day and night. v.看护;治疗27.arrange(熟义: v.安排;整理)Ive arranged with the neighbours about filling the managers job. v.商量28.arrest(熟义: vt.逮捕)The new medicine arrested the spread of the disease. vt.停止,阻止29
10、.assume(熟义: v.假定,以为)He will assume the directorship of the project. vt.担任30.absolute(熟义: adj.完全的,绝对的)The police have absolute proof that he was the murderer. adj.确切的31.accompany(熟义: vt.陪伴,伴奏)Strong winds accompanied the heavy rain. v.伴随32.account for(熟义:解释,说明;占比例)His illness accounts for his absence
11、.是的原因33.aggressive(熟义: adj.好斗的,侵略的)If he wants to succeed,he has to be aggressive. adj.进取的34.alike(熟义: adj.相似的)Teachers should care for all the pupils alike. adv.同样地35.allergic(熟义: adj.过敏的)I am allergic to those who could not give help. adj.对十分厌恶36.allow(熟义: v.允许)This diet allows you one glass of wi
12、ne a day. vt.使可能37.ample(熟义: adj.足够的,丰裕的)That you stay abroad will give you ample chances to learn a new language. adj.广泛的38.aspect(熟义: n.方面)a man with an impressive aspect n.面貌,外表39.available (熟义: adj.可得到的,可找到的)The worthy professor is now available. adj.(人)有空的40.advise(熟义: v.建议)4Please advise us of
13、 the arrival of the goods. vt.通知B 组41.balance(熟义: n./v.平衡)I must check my bank balance. n.差额,余款The school aims to balance the amount of time spent on arts and science subjects. v.权衡42.back (熟义: n.背)Many of his friends backed his plan. vt.支持43.badly(熟义: adv.坏)The boy badly wants a new bike. adv.迫切44.
14、bar(熟义: n.棒,条,酒吧间)Poor health may be a bar to success in life. n.障碍45.become(熟义: v.变得,变成)Her new hat certainly becomes her. vt.适于,适合46.before(熟义: prep.以前)It was a long time before I got to sleep again. conj.才;就47.behaviour(熟义: n.举止,行为)The behaviour of this computer is moderately good.n.性能,特点48.blank
15、(熟义: adj.空白的 n.空白)The stranger returned my greeting with a blank look. adj.没表情的,空虚的,没兴趣的49.blue熟义: n./adj.蓝色(的)His songs always make me feel blue. adj.忧伤的50.beside(熟义: prep.在旁边)Beside your earlier work,this piece seems rather disappointing. prep.与相比51.build(熟义: v.建设)The athlete has a solid build. n.
16、身材,体形52.bare(熟义: adj.裸露的)He likes to bare his heart/soul with his close friends. vt.向某人袒露心声53.bear(熟义: vt.忍受,容忍)He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars. v.显示,带有54.bitter(熟义: adj.苦的,痛苦的)Why was she so bitter against Mr.Smith? adv.强烈反对55.blanket(熟义: n.毯子)The whole village was blanket
17、ed with heavy snow.vt.覆盖56.break down熟义:(机器等)坏了All our plans broke down.(计划)失败,坚持不下去557.bring(熟义: vt.带来)The cries brought the neighbours running. v.引起58.build up(熟义:建立;增强体质)The noise is building up until she could not stand it.增高,加强59.burst(熟义: v.使爆炸,破裂)The storm burst and we all got wet. v.突然爆发60.b
18、ond(熟义: v.使牢固结合)Mothers who are depressed sometimes fail to bond with their children. v.建立互信关系61.burning(熟义: adj.炽热的)She is burning to tell you the news. adj.感情等强烈的C 组62.can(熟义: aux.能)Mother cans fruit. vt.做成罐头63.capital(熟义: n.首都,首府;资本)Our capital task at the moment is to persuade her to calm down.
19、adj.根本的64.cause(熟义: n.起因; v.引起)We are struggling for revolutionary cause. n.事业65.celebrate(熟义: v.庆祝)He celebrated her for her courage. vt.称颂,赞扬66.chance(熟义: n.机会)There is a chance that I will see him. n.可能性We chanced to be out when she called. v.碰巧67.check(熟义: vt.检查)We should check the spread of the
20、 disease. vt.阻止,制止68.choice(熟义: n.选择)Some of his remarks are really choice. adj.斟酌得当的69.civil(熟义: adj.公民的;国内的)He is a civil person. adj.有礼貌的,彬彬有礼的70.class(熟义: n.班级)There is no doubt that the professional classes do a much better job than those who are not. n.阶级,阶层,等级71.climate(熟义: n.气候)The cultural
21、climate here is somehow a little upsetting.n.风气;思潮;倾向72.cloudy(熟义: adj.阴天的,多云的)Who did it still remains cloudy. adj.不明朗的,不清晰的73.coach(熟义: n.教练)She coached me in English. v.辅导,指导mand(熟义: v.命令,指挥)His bravery commanded our respect. v.博得,赢得75.contain(熟义: v.含有,包含)The man was later contained by the police
22、. v.制服He is too excited to contain his laughter. vt.抑制76.count(熟义: n./v.计算,数)There are 10 people in the classroom counting two teachers.v.包括It is not how much you read but what you read that counts. v.重要,有价值She was counted among the greatest dancers. v.视为,以为77.couple(熟义: n.一对,一双;一对夫妇或情侣)The dining c
23、ar was coupled onto the last coach.v.连接,联合e back(熟义:回来)Do you think long dresses will ever come back?重新流行He came back at her with a nasty remark.顶嘴Its suddenly to come back where I saw you last.回想起来e in(熟义:进来)This style is certain to come in this year.开始流行If the Workers Party comes in at the next el
24、ection a lot of industry will be state-owned.上台执政Here is the plan of attack,and this is where you come in.承担(任务)e on(熟义:快过来)How has he come on at school this year?进行,进展The rain has just come on.开始(下雨)The next exam comes on in early summer.进行(或运转)e out(熟义:出来)Everything will come out all right.结果(如何)p
25、any n.(熟义: n.公司)You may know a man by the company he keeps. n.伙伴,朋友(均为不可数)83.concert(熟义: n.音乐会)The team made a concerted effort to win the game.adj.协调的84.cost (熟义: vt.花费;值)The patients dangerous condition cost the doctors and nurses many a sleepless night. vt.使付出努力85.cover熟义: v.走完(一段路);看完(多少页书);涉及;报
26、导;覆盖Here is 5;that should cover all your expenses.7v.够付(费用)86.course(熟义: n.课程;过程)The main course was a vegetable stew. n.一道菜87.cross(熟义: v.跨越,横穿; n.十字)Dont be cross with himafter all,he meant to help. adj.生气的88.cut(熟义: v.砍;割;切)His rude remarks cut me. vt.伤感情89.case(熟义: n.情况,状况)There are three cases
27、of fever in school. n.病例,案例90.casual(熟义: adj.偶然的,随意的)He was employed as a casual labourer. adj.临时的91.cater(熟义: v.为社交活动提供饮食;承办酒席)TV must cater for many different tastes. v.满足需要,迎合92.caution(熟义: n.谨慎)The teacher cautioned him against being late. v.告诫,提醒93.choke(熟义: v.窒息,哽咽)I managed to choke back my t
28、ears. v.强忍住,抑制,克制94.charge(熟义: v.索价,收费;指控,控告)Mother charged Alice with taking good care of the baby.v.赋予责任或义务95.challenge(熟义: n.挑战)I challenged him to a game of chess. v.向挑战;要求决斗96.clean(熟义: adj.干净的)I clean forgot about it. adv.彻底地,完全地97.conduct(熟义: v.组织;实施;指挥)He conducted himself far better than ex
29、pected.v.举止,表现98.congratulate(熟义: v.祝贺)I congratulated myself on my escape. v.为成功感到高兴或自豪99.consume(熟义: vt.消耗,消费)The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the neighbourhood. v.烧毁,毁灭D 组100.damage(熟义: v./n.损坏)He claimed $7000 damages from the taxi company. n.赔偿金101.dash(熟义: v.猛冲)Being badly il
30、l,he was dashed to hospital. v.急送His mother dashed him into going to school every day.v.催促8102.dawn(熟义: n.拂晓 v.破晓,天亮)The truth began to dawn on him. vt.开始明白103.desert(熟义: n.沙漠)He deserted his wife and children and went abroad. v.抛弃,离弃We sheltered from the storm in a deserted hut.adj.荒凉的,无人居住的104.dev
31、elop(熟义: v.发展;开发;研制)Did you have the film developed? v.冲印,冲洗He developed a cough. vt.得病,出现问题develop a habit v.逐渐形成105.difficult(熟义: adj.困难的)You must get the permission of your difficult mother before getting married. adj.难以取悦的,不易满足的106.deal with(熟义:处理;对付)Do you deal with Smith,the butcher?与做生意;与来往10
32、7.dismiss(熟义: v.解雇,开除)He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic.vt.拒绝考虑某人的观点等108.do(熟义: vt.做;制作)The shoes wont do for mountain-climbing. vi.可以,行Practice and determination will do wonders. v.创造Everything is doing well. vi.进展109.down(熟义: adv.向下;在下面)I paid $1000 down on the car. adv.作为
33、首付款110.draw(熟义: vt.画)The football match between the Korean team and the American team was so wonderful that it drew a lot of people,though in the end they drew the match. v.吸引;不分胜负地结束What moral are we to draw from the story? v.获得,取得,推断出111.drive(熟义: v.驾驶)Hunger drove her steal. v.迫使某人做不好的事112.delica
34、te(熟义: adj.精巧的;微妙的;脆弱的)I admired your delicate handling of the situation.adj.巧妙的113.deliver(熟义: v.递送,传递;发表演说;使分娩)Only education can deliver people from misery. vt.解救,拯救,使摆脱114.deposit(熟义: v.把钱存入银行)He deposited the book on the desk. vt.放下,放置9115.divorce(熟义: v.离婚)You cant divorce science from ethical
35、questions. v.使分离,使脱离E 组116.easy(熟义: adj.容易的)Now we are leading an easy life. adj.舒适的,安分的,轻松的117.elect(熟义: v.选举,推选)She elected to become a lawyer. v.选择/决定做118.embarrass(熟义: vt.使尴尬)What embarrasses your making an early start?vt.阻碍119.employ(熟义: v.雇佣)The police employed force to open the door. v.使用,利用1
36、20.engage(熟义: v.从事)A personal computer engages his interest now. vt.吸引121.escape(熟义: v.逃走)His name escaped me for the moment. v.被忘记,一时想不起122.entertain(熟义: v.款待)He entertained a belief that his son would rise in the world. vt.怀有,抱有123.example(熟义: n.例子,榜样)Let this be an example to you. n.警告124.even(熟义
37、: adv.甚至,更)The road wasnt even. adj.平坦的,平的,平滑的Her teeth were white and even. adj.齐的,同样的,一致的The score is now even. adj.相等的,对等的,均等的The car went with an even motion. adj.均匀的,平稳的She evened the edges by trimming(清理焊缝) them. vt.弄平,使平坦Our team evened the score in the last minute. vt.使相等125.excite(熟义: vt.使激
38、动)The recent discoveries have excited new interest among doctors. vt.激起126.excuse(熟义: n.借口 v.原谅)He was excused from piano practice. vt.免除127.express(熟义: v.表达)His express wish was that you should come here by air.adj.明确的Is there an express from Nanjing to Shanghai? n.快车128.encourage(熟义: vt.鼓励,激励)Good
39、 health encourages clear thinking. v.促进,助长,刺激129.enterprise(熟义: n.公司,企业单位,事业单位)10He got the job because he showed the spirit of enterprise. n.事业心,进取心130.exit(熟义: v.出去,离去 n.出口)At the end of the third scene the actress exits. v.退场131.explode(熟义: v.爆炸,爆裂)Im about to explode!He broke my violin. v.勃然大怒,大
40、发雷霆132.exploit(熟义: v.开发,开采;剥削)You must exploit every opportunity to learn new things.v.利用133.extend(熟义: vt.扩大,使扩展;使伸长)He extended his hand to new employees. v.伸展,展开(手臂或脚)F 组134.fail(熟义: v.失败,不及格)Our water supply failed. vi.不足He is failing in health/His health is failing. v.衰退,衰弱He failed to lend her
41、 a hand. v.未能135.familiar(熟义: adj.熟悉的)Are you on familiar terms with Tom?adj.密切的,亲密136.family(熟义: n.家)Has he any family?n.子女137.fan(熟义: n.扇子)The famous film star has no time to deal with the fan mails. n.狂热者,迷,粉丝138.far from(熟义:离远)The show was far from being a failure;it was a great success.远远不是139.
42、fashion(熟义: n.时尚;时装)He behaves in a peculiar fashion. n.方式140.fast(熟义: adj./adv.快的/地)His tears fell fast. adv.接连不断,快速不断地Hes fast asleep. =He has a heavy sleep. adv.完全地141.fever(熟义: n.发烧,发热)He is in a fever of her arrival. n.狂热,高度兴奋142.figure(熟义: n.数字;身材;人物)She figured that she would be next. v.认为;想象
43、143.fill(熟义: v.填满)His answer did not fill our need. vt.满足144.find(熟义: vt.找到)The court found him guilty. v.判决145.fine(熟义: adj.美好的;很棒的;晴朗的)Theres a fine distinction between the meanings of the two words. adj.微妙的11The man will get a fine if he parks the car there. n.罚款146.fix(熟义: v.固定;安装;修理)The extraor
44、dinary man fixed our attention. vt.吸引147.flood(熟义: n.洪水)I received a flood of letters this morning. n.大量的东西148.fond(熟义: adj.喜欢的)Fond parents will spoil their children. adj.溺爱的149.force(熟义: vt.强迫)The policeman forced the knife from the criminals hand.vt.夺取150.foreign(熟义: adj.外国的)The subject is foreig
45、n to me. adj.不熟悉Telling lies is foreign to her nature. adj.和格格不入的151.form(熟义: vt.构成)I can not form an opinion about it. v.(使)形成(指想法或计划)152.free (熟义: adj.自由的;有空的)Most of the roads are free of snow.adj.没有,免交;远离(常与 of 连用)Is the way free? adj.畅通的,无阻碍的153.freeze(熟义: v.冻结,冻冰)Freeze!Drop your arms! v.不许动,停
46、止走动154.fade(熟义: v.褪色)All memory of her childhood had faded from her mind.v.逐渐消失155.fly(熟义: v.飞,飞翔,飞行 n.苍蝇)The children flew to meet their mother. v.疾驰,疾行156.fresh(熟义: adj.新鲜的)She is quite fresh to office work. adj.无经验的157.follow(熟义: v.跟着;仿效)He followed a legal career. v.从事(某职业);遵循(某生活方式)G 组158.gain(
47、熟义: v.获得,赢得)Dont worry.My watch gains.We still have time.v.表走的快The car gained speed gradually. vt.增加(速度或重量)159.game(熟义: n.游戏;比赛)Are you game to climb the mountain? adj.愿意(去做难而危险之事)的160.go(熟义: v.去;变得)This information goes to prove my point. vi.对有助12It goes by electricity. vi.机器运行,运转,工作The sofa can go
48、 against the wall. v.被放置Pink and orange dont go. v.不相配He is getting old and his sight is starting to go. v.下降161.get away with(熟义:带着逃跑)The child ought to be punished.You shouldnt let him get away with telling lies.(做坏事)不受惩罚162.get back(熟义:回来/去;拿回来/去)He will get back at you for this.报复163.get down(熟义
49、:下来;写下)All this waiting and delay is really getting her down.使情绪低落,身体虚弱164.get off(熟义:下车;离开,动身)Ill have to get this letter off by tonight.寄出,邮寄Ill pay anything you ask if you manage to get her off.逃脱惩罚165.get on(with)=get along(with)(熟义:与相处)How are you getting on at university?进展166.get through熟义:接通(电话);(使)通过(考试、议案)He got through 300 in a week.用完167.give away(熟义:赠送)Please dont give my secret away.泄露(机密)168.give out熟义:散发(传单)等He gave out that he was going to America.宣
