1、UFC 3-430-02FA 15 May 2003 Including change 1, December 2007 UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) CENTRAL STEAM BOILER PLANTS APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-430-02FA 15 May 2003
2、Including change 1, December 2007 1UNIFIED FACILITIES CRITERIA (UFC) CENTRAL STEAM BOILER PLANTS Any copyrighted material included in this UFC is identified at its point of use. Use of the copyrighted material apart from this UFC must have the permission of the copyright holder. U.S. ARMY CORPS OF E
3、NGINEERS (Preparing Activity) NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING COMMAND AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEER SUPPORT AGENCY Record of Changes (changes are indicated by 1 . /1/) Change No. Date Location 1 Dec 2007 Pages 8-10 however, the format will be adjusted to conform at the next revision. The body of this UFC is
4、 a document of a different number. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-UFC 3-430-02FA 15 May 2003 Including change 1, December 2007 2FOREWORD 1 The Unified Facilities Criteria (UFC) system is prescribed by MIL-STD 3007 and provides planni
5、ng, design, construction, sustainment, restoration, and modernization criteria, and applies to the Military Departments, the Defense Agencies, and the DoD Field Activities in accordance with USD(AT excavation, dewatering and fill procedures;and suitability of on site materi al for fill and earthendi
6、ke s including data on soft and organic materials,rock and ot her pertinent information as applicable.b. Grading and drainage.(1) Basic criteria. Determination of finalgrading and drainage sche me for a new steam plantwil l be based on a number of considerationsincluding size of proper ty in relatio
7、nship to the sizeof plant facilities, desirable location on site, andplant access based on topography.(2) Drainage. Storm water drainage will beev aluated based on rainfall intensities, runoffcharacte ristics of soil, facilities for receiving stormwater discharge, and local regulations.(3) Erosion p
8、revention. All graded are as willbe stabilized to control erosion by designing shal-low slopes to the greatest extent possible and bymea ns of soil stabilization such as seeding, sod,stone, riprap and retaining walls.c. Meteorology. Precipitation, wind conditions,evaporation, humidity and temperatur
9、e will affectemissions dispersion, coal storage and handling,and other aspects of plant operation.d. Area requirements. Plant area requirementswill be figured on the type of plan t; capacity; urban,su burban or rural location; design of fuel storageand handling facilities; disposal of soil waste and
10、treatment of wastewater; condenser cooling; andthe plant structure and mi scellaneous requirements.Acqu isition of land should include plant accessroad s, rail access and space for future additions tothe plant.(1) Space must be provided for the longte rm coal storage pile. Maximum allowable heightta
11、nk space must be calculated.(2) Space for the disposal of wet and dry ashwill be provided.(3) Control of runoff from material storageareas is required by EPA regulations. Space forretention ponds must be provided.e. Flood protection. Site protectio n for flood fre-quency of once every 500 years will
12、 be calculatedinto area requirements.f. Other requirements. Space for parking, ware-houses, cooling water systems, environmental sys-tems, construction laydown areas and other re-quirements will be provided.2-5. Plant access.a. Pla nt roadway requirements. Layout of plantroadway will be based on vol
13、ume and type oftraffic, speed, and traffic patterns. Proximity topri nciple highways should permit reasonably eas yaccess for construction crews and deliveries. Road-way design will be in accordance with AmericanAssociation of State Highway and TransportationOfficials (AASHTO) standard specif icatio
14、ns. Road-way material and thickness will be based oneco nomic evaluations of feasible alternatives. Ve-hicular parking for plant personnel and visitors willbe located in areas that will not interfere with thesa fe operation of the plant. Turning radii will beadequate to handle all vehicle categories
15、.b. Railroads. If a railroad spur is selected tohandle fuel supplies and material and equipmentdeliveries during construction or plant expansion,the design will be in accordance with AmericanRailway Engineering As sociation (AREA) Manual.(1) Spur layout will accommodate coal han-dling facilities inc
16、luding a storage track or looptrack for empty cars. Refer to chapter 5 foradditional information.(2) If l iquid fuel is to be handled, unloadingpumps and steam connections for tank car heatersmay be required in frigid climates.2-6. Plant structures.a. Size and a rrangements. The steam plant mainbuil
17、 ding size and arrangement depend on these lected plant equipment and facilities including:whether steam generators are indoor or outdoortype; coal bunker or silo arrangement in the case sof pulverized coal and stoker fired plants; coal,limestone and inert bed silo arra ngement in the caseof atmosph
18、eric circulating fluidized bed (ACFB)boiler plants; source of cooling water supplyrelative to the plant; provisions for futureexpa nsion; and aesthetic and environmental con-Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TM 5-810-152-3sidera tions.
19、Generally, the main building will con- loads for steam plant floors are as follows:sist of: a steam generator bay (or firing aisle thesemi-outdoor units ); an auxiliary bay for feedwater Basement and operating floors 200 psfheaters, pumps, and switchge ar; and general spaces Mezzanine, deaerator, an
20、d miscellaneousas may be required for machine shop, locker room, operating floors 200 psflaboratory and office facilities. For very mild Office, laboratories, instrument shops,climates the steam generators may be outdoor type and other lightly loaded areas 100 psf(in a weather protected, walk-in enc
21、losure)although this arrangement presents special Live loads for actual design will be carefullymaintenance problems. If incorporated, the elevator reviewed for any special conditions and actualwill have access to the highest operating level of loads applicable.the steam generator (drum levels). (2)
22、 Liv e loads for equipment floors will b ebased on the assumption that the floor will beb. Layout considerations. The layout of thestructural system will id entify specific requirementsrelative to vertical a nd horizontal access, personnelneeds and convenience, equipment and respectiv emaintenance a
23、reas, floors and platforms.c. Soil invest igation requirements. A subsurfaceexploration program will be conducted. Designinformation regarding the interaction of the struc-ture and the surrounding ground is required. Inaddition, an investigation should furnish informa-ti on as to the source of const
24、ruction materials andthe types and extent of materials which will beencountered during construction will be investi-gated. Information required for design includes:extent of each identifiable soil stratum, depth to topof rock and character of the rock, elevation ofnormal ground water at site, and en
25、gineeringproperties of the soil and rock.d. Foundation design. Selection of the type offoundation to be used for each component of theplant (i.e., main building, boiler, stacks and coalhandling structure) will be determined from thesub surface exploration data, cost considerationsand availability of
26、 construction trades.e. Structural design. Thermal stations will bedesigned utilizing conventional structural steel forthe main steam station bui lding. Separate structuralsteel will be provided to support bu ilding floors andplat forms; boiler steel will not be used in supportbuilding structure. Th
27、e pedestal for supporting theturbine driven boiler feed pum p if utilized will be ofre inforced concrete. Reinforced concrete ormasonry const ruction may be used for the buildingfra ming (not for boiler framing); special concreteinserts or other provisions must be made in suchevent for suppo rt of p
28、iping, trays and conduits. Aneconomic evaluation will be made of thesealternatives.f. Structure loading.(1) Bu ildings, structures and all portionsthereof will be designed and constructed to supportall live and dead loads without exceeding theal lowable stresses of the selected materials in thestruc
29、tural members and connections. Typical liv eutilized as laydown for equipment parts duringmainte nance. Load will be based on heaviest pieceremoved during maintenance.(3) Live load assum ptions will be in accord-ance with TM 5-809-1.g. Other loads. In addition to the live and deadloads, the followin
30、g loadings will be provided for:(1) Piping load. Weight of major pipingsized and routed will include weight of pipe,insulation, hydraulic weight (pipe full of water) i naddition to any shock loads. Pipe hanger loads willbe doubled for design of supporting steel. Incongested piping areas increase liv
31、e load on thesupporting floor by 100 pounds per square foot(psf). Structural steel will be provided toadequately support all mechanical piping andelect rical conduit. Provision will be made toaccommodate expansion and contraction anddrainage requirements of the pipe. Pipingconnections must be made t
32、o preclude ruptureunder the most adverse conditions expected. Pipesupports will be close coupled to supporting struc-tur es when the more severe seismic conditions areexpected.(2) Wind loading. Building will be designedto resist the horizontal wind pressure available forthe site on all surfaces expo
33、sed to the wind. Windload assumptions will be in accordance with TM 5-809-1.(3) Seismic loading. Buildings and otherstructures will be desi gned to resist seismic loadingin accordance with the zone in which the buildingis located. Seismic design will be in accordancewithTM 5-809-10.(4) Equipment loa
34、ding. Equipment loads arefur nished by the various manufacturers of eacheq uipment item. In addition to equipment deadloads, impact loads, s hort circuit forces for genera-tors, and other pertinent specia l loads prescribed bythe equipment function or requirements will beincluded. Dead load assumpti
35、ons will be in accord-ance with TM 5-809-1. Ductwo rk, flue gas breech-ing, stacks, and other hot equipment must beProvided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-TM 5-810-152-4supported such that expansion and contraction will i. Special considerati
36、ons.not impose detrimental loads and stresses on (1) Crane bay-provide removable opening srelated structures. in floor above major eq uipment for removal by sta-(5) Snow loading. Snow load assumptions tion crane (if provided).will be in accordance with TM 5-809-1. (2) Provide hoists and supports for
37、 mainte-h. Architectural treatment. nance on pumps, fans and other heavy equipment.(1) The architectural treatment will b e devel- Provide a beam into the plant to hoist equipment tooped to harmonize with the site conditions, both an upper level.natural and manmade. Depending on location, the (3) Al
38、 l anchor bolts for equipment will beenvironmental compatibility may be th e determining sleeved to allow adjustment for final alignment o ffactor. In other cases the climate or user equipment.pre ference, tempered with aesthetic and economicfactors, will dictate architectural treatment. 2-7. Heatin
39、g, ventilating and air conditioning(2) For speci al circumstances, such as areas systems (HVAC).where extended periods of very high humidity,f r equently combined with desert conditions givingri se to heavy dust and sand blasting action, indoorconstruction with pressurized ventilation will berequire
40、d.(3) Control rooms, offices, locker rooms,and some outbuildings will be enclosed regardlessof enclosure selected for main building.(4) Equ ipment room size will provideadequate space for equipment installation,mai ntenance and removal. A minimum of aislespace between items will be 4 feet if feasibl
41、e.Provide a minimum of 8 feet clearance betweenboilers 60,000 pph and larger. If future expansionis planned, size of room will be based on futurereq uirements. Equipment room construction willal low for equipment removal and include doubledoors and steel supports fo r chain hoists. Adequatevent ilat
42、ion and heating will be included.Attenuation of noise will be considered in roomdesign.(5) Provide openings or doorways forpassage of the largest equipment units. Makeopenings for ventilation louvers, breechings, andpiping where nece ssary. Fire doors, fire shutters ora combination of both, may be r
43、equired.(6) On multiple floor installations, provide afreight elevator.(7) Furnish necessary shower room, toiletroom fac ilities and lockers for operating personnelfor both sexes in buildings. The plant shouldcontain a sampling laboratory space, storage area,sm all repair area, control room (in larg
44、er plants),generator room, lunch room, compressor room,chemical storage area, office space for supervisorsan d clerks. Parking spaces for plant personnel andvisitors should be provided near the boiler plant.(8) Finish of plant interior walls and tunnelswill have a coating wh ich will permit hose dow
45、n orscrubbing of areas.(9) Concrete will b e in accordance with TM5-805-1, American Concrete Institute (ACI) 318and 301.a. General. System analysis and design proce-dures provided in the American Society of Heating,Ref rigeration and Air Conditioning Engineers(ASHRAE) Guide for Data books and TM 5-8
46、10-1should be followed, unless otherwise stated orspecifically directed by other criteria.b. Design considerations. When a computer pro-gram is required, provisions for showing an esti-mate of the hourly space heating and coolingrequire ments, and hourly performance of the heat-ing and cooling syste
47、m can be structured. Whenma nual computation is used, the heating andcooling load estimates will be in accordance withthe current edition of the ASHRAE Handbook ofFundamentals.2-8. Drainage.a. Drains which may cont ain coal or oil will havesuitable separators to separate coal or oil fromdrainage bef
48、ore being connected to sewer lines.b. Provide drains and connect to storm waterdrainage system for diked areas for above groundoil storage.c. Maximum temper ature of effluent to the drainsys tem will be as required by governing codes. Atemperature regulating valve will be used to injectpotable water
49、 into the high temperature wastestream from the blowdown tank. This techniquewill also be used on other equipment as required.2-9. Plant design safety.a. Introduction. The safety features described inthe following paragraphs will be incorporated intothe steam plant design to assist in maintaining ahigh level of personnel safety.b. Design safety features. In designing a steamplant, the following general recommendations onsafety will be given attention:(1) Equipment will be arr
