1、 TIA-455-25-D February 2016FOTP-25 Impact Testing of Optical Fiber Cables ANSI/TIA-455-25-D-2016 APPROVED: FEBRUARY 3, 2016 NOTICE TIA Engineering Standards and Publications are designed to serve the public interest through eliminating misunderstandings between manufacturers and purchasers, facilita
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23、s procedure provides a method to determine the ability of optical fiber cables to withstand impact loads. 1.2 The following parameters may be measured or observed: (a) The number of broken fibers caused by impacting the cable. (b) Damage to the outer sheath. (c) Changes in optical transmittance. 1.3
24、 This test method may be too stringent for some product designs and applications, and the recommended criteria may be quite moderate for other applications. When specifying product test requirements, Detail Specification writers should keep in mind the applicability of this test relative to their ne
25、eds. Detail Specification writers should also recognize that there may be little or no justification for increasing or decreasing impact forces solely on the basis of an increase in cable diameter. NOTE The redefinition of the impact hammer for non-Military applications in this revision is significa
26、ntly different from that of revision C and earlier (see Annex A). It harmonizes with the test method used in IEC 60794-1-21, Method E4 (see Annex B). 2 Normative References Test or inspection requirements may include, but are not limited to, the following references: TIA-455-C Standard test procedur
27、es for fiber optic fibers, cables, transducers, connecting and terminating devices, and other fiber optic components FOTP-13 (TIA-455-13A) Visual and mechanical inspection of fiber, cables, connectors, and/or other fiber optic devices FOTP-20 (TIA-455-20B) Measurement of change in optical transmitta
28、nce TIA -455-25D 23 Apparatus 3.1 The apparatus shall meet the intent shown in Figure 1 as to drop height, hammer freedom, surface hardness, and anvil rigidity. The mass of the drop hammer, and the resulting energy delivered in the impact, is shown in Tables 1 and 2, or as given in the Detail Specif
29、ication. If the test must be performed at other than standard conditions (5.1), the apparatus shall be suitable for placement and operation in an environmental chamber. Ensure that any frictional losses are minimized, or compensated for, such that the full intended impact energy is delivered to the
30、cable. 3.2 The striking surface of the drop hammer shall be as shown in Figure 2a and Figure 2b, for non-Miliary and Military applications, respectively. The drop hammer shall be adjusted so that the axis of the striking surface is oriented 90 5 to the axis of the test specimen. Note 1 The non-Milit
31、ary hammer is round and effectively flat. The Military hammer is of the shape of a cylinder on its side. Note 2 The hammer details of revision D are harmonized with those of the IEC test method E4. The hammer details for revision C and earlier are presented in Annex A for those cases where the older
32、 hammer is specified. Note 3 The two non-Military hammer typesFigure 2aare effectively the same. The large radius of the rounded hammer is so large that it is effectively flat in striking cables typically of the size of optical fiber cables. 3.3 Secure the cable to the anvil such that (1) the clamps
33、 may be sufficiently tightened around the cable to prevent movement within the clamps, (2) the clamps hold the cable firmly to the flat surface and perpendicular to the hammer at the point of impact, and (3) the process of clamping does not induce any measurable attenuation increase in the specimen.
34、 The test sample mounting arrangement is shown in Figure 3. 3.4 Use apparatus as described in FOTP-20 for measuring the change in optical transmittance of the monitored fibers. Equipment for measuring the transmittance shall be stable throughout the period of time required to perform the measurement
35、. TIA-455-25D 34 Sampling and specimens If fiber breakage only is to be monitored, the test specimen shall consist of a length of optical fiber cable, typical of the lot and a minimum of 700 mm (28 in) long. If optical transmittance changes are to be monitored, the test specimen shall consist of a s
36、ection of optical fiber cable, typical of the lot and of a length sufficient to allow optical transmittance measurements of the required precision. A 10 m (33 ft) minimum length is suggested (See Figure 4). 5 Procedure 5.1 Unless otherwise specified in the Detail Specification, precondition the test
37、 specimens for a minimum period of 24 hours under the conditions of TIA -455-B, Section 6 (23 5 C, and 20 to 70% or 45 to 75% Re lative Humidity for non-military or military applications respectively). 5.2 The Detail Specification shall specify the number of fibers in the cable to be tested for opti
38、cal performance. 5.3 Mount the test specimen in the apparatus as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4. The midpoint of the striking surface of the hammer shall drop within 10% of the midpoint of the portion of the specimen between the clamps. Unless otherwise specified in the Detail Specification, cables
39、of other-than-round configuration (e.g., flat) shall be mounted such that the impact is delivered to the cable face that presents the greatest area to receive the impact (e.g., flat portion of flat cable). 5.4 If fiber breakage is to be monitored, establish the optical continuity of the sampled fibe
40、rs (see 5.2) in the test specimen before impact testing. Unless otherwise specified by the Detail Specification, report optical continuity only after impact testing is complete. 5.5 If optical transmittance changes are to be measured, monitor the optical transmittance properties of the sampled fiber
41、s (see 5.2) in the test specimen in accordance with FOTP-20. Perform the reference measurement(s) after the specimen is installed in the test apparatus at the test temperature, but before any impact has been delivered. Unless otherwise specified in the Detail Specification, report only the differenc
42、e between the reference measurements and “after impact“ transmittance measurements for each fiber tested. TIA -455-25D 45.6 Unless otherwise specified in the Detail Specification: 5.6.1 For all except U.S. Military applications, the following procedure applies: 5.6.1.1 Select the hammer mass (and re
43、sulting impact energy) as specified in the detail specification or from Table 1. 5.6.1.2 Operate the apparatus for 2 impact cycles. (The sample has already been clamped in place and reference optical measurements made). 5.6.1.3 Check for fiber breaks. 5.6.1.4 If optical transmittance changes are to
44、be measured, make the “after“ measurement per 5.5. 5.6.1.5 Release the cable from the clamps. Index the cable 150 mm along its length to the next impact site, avoiding rotational movement, and re-clamp. If optical transmittance changes are to be measured, make the reference measurement after re-clam
45、ping, per 5.5. 5.6.1.6 Repeat 5.6.1.2 through 5.6.1.5. 5.6.1.7 Repeat again 5.6.1.2 through 5.6.1.4. The cable has now been given two impacts at each of three different sites along the cable length. 5.6.1.8 Remove the specimen from the apparatus and inspect all three sites for damage in accordance w
46、ith the procedures of FOTP-13, except using normal, corrected vision without magnification. Record any damage observed. NOTE 1 Unless otherwise specified in the Detail Specification, cable exterior deformation shall not be considered as damage. Cracking, splitting or similar effects in the cable she
47、ath, shall, however, be considered as damage. NOTE 2 During inspection, the cable sample should not be bent, stretched, twisted, or otherwise deformed. 5.6.2 For U.S. Military applications, proceed as follows: 5.6.2.1 Select the hammer mass (and resulting impact energy) from Table 2. 5.6.2.2 Operate
48、 the apparatus for 50 impact cycles at one location. (The sample has already been clamped in place and reference optical measurements made). 5.6.2.3 Check for fiber breaks. If fiber breaks only are being continuously monitored, record the number of the impact cycle at which continuity was lost. 5.6.
49、2.4 If optical transmittance changes are to be measured, make the “after“ measurement per 5.5. If continuous measurement is required by the Detail TIA-455-25D 5Specification, record the number of the impact cycle when specified attenuation limits were exceeded or optical continuity was lost. 5.6.2.5 Remove the specimen from the apparatus and visually inspect the specimen for damage in accordance with the procedures of FOTP-13, except using normal, corrected vision without magnification. Record any damage observed. NOTE - Unless otherwise specified in the Detail Specificatio
