1、SSPC-PA 14September 25, 20121SSPC: The Society for Protective CoatingsCoating Application Standard No. 14 Application of Thick Film Polyurea and Polyurethane Coatings to Concrete and Steel Using Plural-Component Equipment1. ScopeThis standard provides requirements for the field appli-cation of polyu
2、rea, polyurethane, or polyurea/polyurethane hybrid thick film coatings to concrete or steel surfaces using plural component spray equipment. In this standard, thick film coatings are defined as coatings specified to have greater than 500 micrometers m (20 mils) dry film thickness. Surface preparatio
3、n, pretreatments, machinery requirements and parameters are addressed in this standard.2. Referenced Standards 2.1 The latest issue, revision, or amendment of the refer-enced documents in effect on the date of invitation to bid shall govern unless otherwise specified. 2.2 If there is a conflict betw
4、een the requirements of any of the referenced documents and this standard, the require-ments of this standard shall prevail. 2.3 SSPC STANDARDS AND JOINT STANDARDS:PA 9 Measurement of Dry Coating Thick-ness on Cementitious Surfaces Using Ultrasonic Gages2.4 ASTM INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS1C 805 Standar
5、d Test Method for Rebound Number of Hardened ConcreteD 4138 Standard Practices for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Protec-tive Coating Systems by Destructive, Cross-Sectioning MeansD 4417 Standard Test Methods for Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Blast Cleaned SteelD 4787 Standard Practi
6、ce for Continuity Veri-fication of Liquid or Sheet Linings Applied to Concrete Substrates D 6132 Standard Test Method for Nonde-structive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Applied Organic Coatings Using an Ultrasonic Gage1 ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-295
7、9. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards volume infor-mation, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.D 7091 Standard Practice for Nondestructive Measurement
8、 of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to Ferrous Metals and Nonmagnetic, Nonconductive Coatings Applied to Non-Ferrous Metals2.5 NACE INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS:2SP0188 Discontinuity (Holiday) Testing of New Protective Coatings on Conductive Surfaces2.6 INTERNATIONAL CONCRETE REPAIR IN
9、STITUTE GUIDELINE3Guideline 310.2 Selecting and Specifying Concrete Surface Preparation for Sealers, Coat-ings, and Polymer Overlays3. DefinitionsConcrete: A composite material that consists essentially of a binding medium within which are embedded particles or fragments of aggregate, usually a comb
10、ination of fine aggre-gate and coarse aggregate; in Portland cement concrete, the binder is a mixture of Portland cement and water.Outgassing: The spontaneous discharge of air or mois-ture vapor from concrete. Pores: Small interconnected voids, such as in concrete, which allow fluids to penetrate an
11、 otherwise impervious material.4. Qualifications of Craftworkers The contractor shall provide documentation that the craftworker(s) applying the coating have received formal training on proper plural-component coating application tech-niques and that the operator(s) of the spray pump(s) have receive
12、d formal training on material ratio, material viscosity, mixing, ambient conditions for application and curing, product data sheets, material safety data sheets, proper setup and monitoring of the plural-component pump(s) being used, and 2 NACE International, 1440 South Creek, Houston, TX 77084 phon
13、e: 281-228-6200. NACE standards may be obtained online from http:/www.nace.org3 ICRI International Concrete Repair Institute, 3166 S. River Road, Suite 132, Des Plaines, IL 60018, phone: 847-827-0830. ICRI standards may be obtained online from http:/www.icri.orgSSPC-PA 14September 25, 20122troublesh
14、ooting basics (see Note 15.1). Formal training shall include a written exam and hands-on assessment.45. Surface Condition of Concrete Prior to Application of Coating5.1 SURFACE SOUNDNESS: Before application of coating, the concrete substrate shall be sound and solid as determined by ASTM C 805 (see
15、Note 15.2). Surface defects such as bugholes, voids, and cracks shall be repaired as specified prior to coating application.5.2 SURFACE CLEANLINESS: When viewed without magnification, the concrete surface shall be free of visible dust, dirt, greases, and oils, contaminants, laitance, and loosely adh
16、ering concrete. See Note 15.3 for information regarding requirements for nonvisible contaminants.5.3 PROFILE: Unless otherwise specified, the surface roughness shall be within CSP range 2-6 when evaluated in accordance with ICRI 310.2.5.4 JOINTS: Unless otherwise specified, coatings and surfacings s
17、hall not be placed over functional joints (see Note 15.4).6. Surface Condition of Steel Prior to Application of Coating6.1 SURFACE CLEANLINESS6.1.1 Visible Contaminants: Immediately prior to coating application, the steel surface shall meet specified require-ments for visible surface cleanliness. Th
18、e steel surface shall be prepared in accordance with project requirements for surface cleanliness. If these requirements are not provided in the project specification, the surface shall meet the require-ments of the manufacturers product data sheet for the coating to be applied.6.1.2 Nonvisible Cont
19、aminants: Immediately prior to coating, the steel surface shall meet the specified require-ments for maximum levels of nonvisible contaminants (see Note 15.3). 6.2 SURFACE PROFILE: Unless otherwise specified, a minimum profile of 76 m (3 mils) measured in accordance with ASTM D 4417 Method B is requ
20、ired for thick film coatings5. 7. Coating Materials Handling7.1 The proper PPE shall be utilized when handling the individual components of the system as well as during mixing and application. Polyurea and/or polyurethane coatings are formed from isocyanate and resin blend components. The 4 Note tha
21、t successful completion of SSPCs Marine Plural Component Program (MPCAC, C14) will satisfy this requirement. Other training courses covering the material listed in Section 4.1 may be available5 SSPC-PA 17, Method for Determining Conformance to Steel Profile/Surface Rougness/Peak Count Requirements,
22、references ASTM D 4417 and contains additional acceptance criteria.isocyanate components are known to be skin and respiratory irritants and sensitizers, and the aromatic amines are consid-ered to be potential carcinogens. The resin blend component is frequently corrosive in nature, and capable of ca
23、using other adverse health effects. Refer to material manufacturers Mate-rial Safety Data Sheets for information on proper PPE and additional safety information. SSPC-TU 8 also provides addi-tional information.7.2 All coating products shall be delivered to the work site in original, unopened contain
24、ers with labels intact. Minor damage to containers is acceptable if the container has not been punctured or crimped or has had the lid seal broken. Each product shall have a readily accessible manufacturers material safety data sheet. 7.3 Each container shall be clearly marked or labeled to show coa
25、ting identification, date of manufacture, batch number, basic chemical composition, special instructions, and other information as needed to meet governmental requirements. 7.4 STORING: Coating materials shall be stored in accordance with applicable federal, state and local safety regulations. Stora
26、ge temperatures shall be within the range specified in the material product data sheets. If product is exposed to temperature outside of specified range, the coating manufacturer shall be contacted. All containers of coating shall remain unopened until required for use. Containers shall be opened on
27、ly as necessary to provide material to the painters. The data on the container label shall remain legible throughout the use of the contents. 7.5 MIXING7.5.1 Each component of the coating shall be thoroughly mixed in accordance with the manufacturers instructions and then applied by the plural compo
28、nent equipment in the ratio recommended by the manufacturer.7.5.2 The mixing and application process shall comply with specified safety requirements for product use, including ventilation, dust control and protective personal equipment.8. Pre-Application Checks8.1 AMBIENT CONDITIONS: Coating shall n
29、ot be applied in rain, wind, snow, fog, or mist. Coating shall not be applied to wet or damp surfaces unless the manufacturer has provided written documentation that permits application under these conditions. Coating shall not be applied on frosted or ice-coated surfaces.8.2 TEMPERATURE: For both c
30、oncrete and steel substrates, the surface temperature of the substrate, the temperature of the coating to be applied, and the ambient air temperature shall comply with the coating manufacturers written requirements prior to and throughout the coating appli-cation and curing process. Coating shall no
31、t be applied when SSPC-PA 14September 25, 20123the temperature of the substrate, coating, or surrounding air is outside the manufacturers recommended range without the written approval of the manufacturer and the owner. Coating shall not be applied to a concrete substrate when the tempera-ture of th
32、e concrete substrate exceeds the surrounding air temperature and is rising, unless the coating manufacturer has provided written documentation that permits application under these conditions (see Note 15.5). 8.3 HUMIDITY: Coating shall be applied within the specified relative humidity range. If no r
33、ange is specified, the humidity shall remain within the range provided on the product data sheet throughout the application process. Coating shall not be applied in rain, fog, or mist or when the surface temper-ature is less than 3 C (5 F) above the dew point.8.4 CONCRETE SUBSTRATE MOISTURE: Immedia
34、tely prior to coating application, the moisture level of the concrete shall comply with the coating manufacturers requirements as determined by the measurement method specified on the product data sheet. If the product data sheet does not state the measurement method and acceptable moisture level, t
35、he coating manufacturer shall be contacted to provide written instructions for determining an acceptable moisture level (see Note 15.6).8.5 STEEL SUBSTRATE MOISTURE: Steel surfaces shall be dry and free of any water in seams, fastener areas, or joints.8.6 MASKING: Required masking and protection sha
36、ll be in place prior to startup of coating application.9. Application Equipment Requirements9.1 The equipment used shall be suitable for the intended purpose, shall be capable of properly atomizing the coating to be applied, and shall be equipped with suitable pressure regulators and gauges. The equ
37、ipment shall be maintained in proper working condition. Spray equipment shall meet the material transfer requirements of the local air pollution or air quality management district. 9.2 Spray equipment shall be kept sufficiently clean so that dirt, dried coating, and other foreign materials are not d
38、eposited in the coating film. Any solvents left in the equipment shall be removed before the equipment is used. 9.3 SPRAY EQUIPMENT MATERIAL PRESSURE: High- or low-pressure plural-component spray equipment is used for processing these coatings. For high-pressure spraying, equipment shall be capable
39、of producing the required fluid pressures in order to get adequate mixing in the spray gun (see Note 15.7).9.4 PROCESS TEMPERATURE CONTROL: The spray equipment shall be capable of heating the fluid materials consistently and continually to the processing temperatures recommended by the coatings manu
40、facturer. Machine and hose heaters shall be capable of preheating material stored in accordance with requirements of the product data sheet to its required application temperature. 9.5 SPRAY GUN PARAMETERS: The spray gun shall be able to mix and dispense the thick film coating in a desired pattern d
41、efined by the coating manufacturer. The gun, throughput, and tip sizes shall be chosen to make the desig-nated dry film thickness attainable in one to three overlapping passes.10. Project Test Area10.1 Unless otherwise specified, a project test area shall be prepared, coated, and cured according to
42、the requirements of the coating manufacturers product data sheet and of this standard prior to full-scale production. The test area shall be on the structure itself or on a sample representative of the substrate to be coated, and shall be no smaller than 1 square meter m2 (3 square feet (ft2) in siz
43、e. Following application and cure of the coating, adhesion testing shall be performed on the test area according to Section 10.2 or 10.3 to confirm quality of the application and establish operating parameters for full-scale surface preparation and coating application.10.2 STEEL SUBSTRATES: Followin
44、g cure, adhesion testing shall be performed on the test specimen or test area in accordance with ASTM D 4541, Method D or E, using three pulls. The minimum adhesion value for each of the three pulls shall be at least 6.8 megaPascals MPa (1000 pounds per square inch gauge psig) unless otherwise speci
45、fied. 10.3 CONCRETE SUBSTRATES: Following cure, adhe-sion testing shall be performed on the test specimen or test area in accordance with ASTM D 7234. The location of the disbond-ment for each of the three pulls shall be within the concrete substrate (i.e., cohesive failure of the concrete). Results
46、 of the tests shall be reported to the owners representative.11. Application Process Requirements 11.1 The contractor shall maintain a daily application log, including, but not limited to: processing pressure, mate-rial temperatures, mixing ratios throughout the application process, and other monito
47、ring requirements as specified. These records shall be retained for a minimum of three years after project completion, unless a longer term is required by contract documents. 11.2 Cleaning and coating shall be so programmed that detrimental amounts of dust or other contaminants do not fall on wet, n
48、ewly coated surfaces.11.3 APPLICATION OF PRIMER: Unless otherwise speci-fied, the primer shall be applied in accordance with instructions in the manufacturers product data sheets. Coating shall be applied in a visually continuous film of with overlapping at the SSPC-PA 14September 25, 20124edges of
49、the spray pattern. Prior to application of topcoat, primer shall meet manufacturers required DFT range unless otherwise specified. All thin spots or areas missed in the appli-cation shall be prepared, recoated, and permitted to dry before the next layer of coating is applied. During application, the gun shall be held perpendicular to the surface and at a distance that will ensure that a wet layer of coating is deposited on the surface.11.4 APPLICATION OF TOPCOAT OR OVERCOAT: Unless otherwise specified, no coating shall be applied until the preceding coat has dried/c
