1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21919-2 SANS 20:2008Edition 2.1Any reference to SABS 20 is deemedto be a reference to this standard(Government Notice No. 1373 of 8 Novemb
4、er 2002)SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Primary zinc Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 20:2008 Edition 2.1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Amdt 1 2008 Amended to ch
5、ange the designation of SABS standards to SANS standards, to update the definition of “acceptable”, to move reference to the SABS to the foreword, to update the referenced standards and to realign the colour numbers with SANS 1091. Acknowledgement The SABS Standards Division wishes to acknowledge th
6、e valuable assistance derived from publications of the following organizations: American Society for Testing and Materials British Standards Institution International Organization for Standardization Zinc Development Association Foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee
7、 SABS TC 1078, Engineering materials Non-ferrous metals, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This document was published in December 2008. This document supersedes SABS 20:1977 (edition 2). A vertical line in the margin s
8、hows where the text has been technically modified by amendment No.1. A reference is made in the NOTE to 6.3, to the “relevant body”. In South Africa this means the SABS Standards Division in terms of the Standards Act, 1993 (Act No. 29 of 1993). SANS 20:2008 Edition 2.1 1 Contents Page Acknowledgeme
9、nt Foreword 1 Scope 3 2 Definitions . 3 3 Requirements 4 4 Packing and marking . 6 5 Sampling and compliance with the specification 7 6 Inspection and methods of test 7 6.1 Inspection . 7 6.2 Preparation of test samples 7 6.3 Analysis of the ingot metal 8 Appendix A Applicable standards . 9 Appendix
10、 B Notes to purchasers . 9 Appendix C Typical uses of various grades of primary ingot zinc 10 SANS 20:2008 Edition 2.1 2 This page is intentionally left blank SANS 20:2008 Edition 2.1 3 Primary zinc 1 Scope 1.1 This specification covers five grades of primary zinc in the form of ingots. NOTE a) The
11、titles of standards referred to by number in the specification are given in appendix A. b) Requirements that must be specified by the purchaser and those that must be agreed upon are listed in appendix B. 2 Definitions 2.1 For the purposes of this specification the following definitions shall apply:
12、 acceptable acceptable to the authority administering this standard, or to the parties concluding the purchase contract, as relevant Amdt 1 cast (batch) a) ingots that are the product of one furnace or crucible melt; or b) ingots that are the product of a number of crucible or furnace melts that hav
13、e been combined and mixed before casting; or c) in the case of a continuous melting furnace or a continuous casting operation, consecutively cast ingots poured during a maximum period of 4 h on the same day, during which all metal added to the furnace is such that the composition of the ingots remai
14、ns uniform defective an ingot, a stack of ingots, or a pallet load of ingots that fails, in one or more respects, to comply with the relevant requirements of the specification lot all ingots of the same nominal composition and bearing the same cast identification, made by one manufacturer, submitted
15、 at any one time for inspection and testing primary zinc zinc obtained from either an ore or other zinc-bearing material by a process of electrolysis or distillation and that has not been subjected to any fabrication other than casting into ingots process arisings uncontaminated metal consisting of
16、leftovers, or spills, or other non-ingoted metal SANS 20:2008 Edition 2.1 4 3 Requirements 3.1 General The ingots shall, unless otherwise agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser, be of nominal mass 25 kg each and shall be of uniform quality and acceptably free from oxides, dross, and
17、other harmful contamination. The ingots may contain process arisings provided that the arisings originate from the manufacturers own output of the same metal and that any possibility of contamination of the arisings by metallic impurities foreign to the manufacturers operation is eliminated. 3.2 Che
18、mical composition The composition of the ingots, determined in accordance with 6.3, shall comply with the requirements for composition given in table 1, appropriate to the metal designation or the SA code number specified by the purchaser. 3.3 Certification When so required by the purchaser, each lo
19、t (consignment) shall be accompanied by a certificate stating that the ingots comply with the appropriate requirements of the specification and containing confirmatory analytical results. Table 1 Chemical composition of primary zinc ingots (including lead blended zinc ingots) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
20、 12 13 Constituents % Metal designation SA code No Zn Pb Cd Fe Sn Cu Al TI In Total Pb, Cd, Fe, Sn, Cu, Al, Tl, In Zn min. 99,995 99,995 SHG* max. 0,001 5 0,001 5 0,001 0 0,001 0 0,001 + 0,001 0,000 5 0,005 Zn min. 99,99 99,99 Zn 1 max. 0,003 0 0,003 0 0,002 0 0,001 0 0,002 0 0,005 0,001 0,000 5 0,0
21、1 Zn min. 99,95 99,95 Zn 2max. 0,03 0,02 0,01 0,001 0,002 0,005 0,001 0,000 5 0,05 Zn min. 99,5 0,35 99,5 Zn 3 max. 0,45 0,05 0,03 0,001 0,005 0,001 0,000 5 0,5 Zn min. 98,5 0,95 98,5 Zn 4 max. 1,35 0,15 0,04 0,02 0,005 1,5 * Selected high grade. +The maximum permissible aluminium content shall be a
22、 matter of agreement between manufacturer and purchaser. In the case of zinc Zn 2 the combined arsenic and antimony content shall not exceed 0,000 5 %. 5 SANS 20:2008 Edition 2.1SANS 20:2008 Edition 2.1 6 4 Packing and marking 4.1 Packing The ingots shall be packed in stacks or on pallets and, excep
23、t where otherwise specified by the purchaser, the mass of ingots in each stack or each pallet load shall be approximately one ton. Stacks shall be securely bound by means of galvanized steel tape, or other acceptable means, and be capable of being handled by a fork lift truck or a similar device. On
24、ly ingots bearing the same cast identification shall be packed together in a stack or pallet load except that, when so agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser, a stack or a pallet load may contain ingots from not more than two casts. 4.2 Marking 4.2.1 Ingots The following information shall
25、 be legibly inscribed, by casting, on each ingot: a) the manufacturers name or trade name or trade mark; b) the metal designation or the SA code number (see table 1). 4.2.2 Stacks or pallets a) Each stack or pallet load shall bear the following information in legible markings: 1) the net mass; 2) th
26、e cast (batch) identification, or the date of the cast, or a cypher signifying this information. b) In addition, if so required by the purchaser, each stack or pallet load of ingots (other than ingots of Zn 99,995 (SHG), shall be so marked (by means of lead-free paint) with the appropriate colour gi
27、ven in table 2 that the colour can be clearly seen. Table 2 Colour code for primary zinc 1 2 3 4 Metal designation SA code No. Colour code* SANS colour number and colour Zn 99,995 Zn 99,99 Zn 99,95 SHG Zn 1 Zn 2 None Red Green None A11 Signal red H10 Brilliant green Zn 99,5 Zn 98,5 Zn 3 Zn 4 Blue Ye
28、llow F02 Oxford blue B49 Golden yellow * The colours used shall be an acceptable match to the appropriate of the colours listed in column 4 and given in SANS 1091. Amdt 1 SANS 20:2008 Edition 2.1 7 5 Sampling and compliance with the specification1)5.1 Sampling The following sampling procedure shall
29、be applied in determining whether a lot complies with the requirements of the specification. The sample so taken shall be deemed to represent the lot for the respective properties. 5.1.1 Sample for testing After inspecting the lot, take from it at random 5 % of the ingots (but at least one ingot). 5
30、.2 Compliance with the specification The lot shall be deemed to comply with the requirements of the specification if after inspection of the lot and testing of the sample taken in accordance with 5.1.1 no defective is found. 6 Inspection and methods of test 6.1 Inspection Visually examine the lot fo
31、r compliance with the requirements of section 4, and for uniformity of quality and freedom from superficial contamination (see 3.1). 6.2 Preparation of test samples 6.2.1 For (Physico-) chemical analysis By scratch brushing and then by soft brushing, remove any surface contaminants from the ingot or
32、 ingots in the sample taken in accordance with 5.1.1. In the case of a single ingot sample scribe two diagonals across a face of the ingot, and in the case of a sample containing more than one ingot place the ingots side by side a) in a row or rows of five, the last row, if the number of ingots in t
33、he sample is not a multiple of five, containing all the remaining ingots; and b) in a row containing all the ingots if the sample consists of less than five ingots, and scribe two diagonals across a face of each set of ingots. Using a drill of diameter about 9,5 mm, completely drill through the ingo
34、t or through each ingot (as relevant) on each diagonal at so many places that a sample of drillings of total mass approximately 1 kg is obtained. Mix the drillings thoroughly and treat them with a powerful magnet to ensure that any iron contamination is removed. 6.2.2 For spectrographic analysis Aft
35、er taking the test sample as described in 6.2.1 from the ingot(s) in the sample taken in accordance with 5.1.1, saw off, in complete sections, enough pieces to yield a test sample of total mass at least 1 kg. 1) This section applies to the sampling for inspection and testing before acceptance or rej
36、ection of single lots (consignments) in cases where no information about the implementation of quality control or testing during manufacture is available to help in assessing the quality of the lot. It is also used as the procedure for adjudicating in cases of dispute. SANS 20:2008 Edition 2.1 8 Imm
37、erse the pieces for a few moments in hydrochloric acid (5 % (m/m), rinse in distilled or demineralized water, and dry. Then melt the pieces together, without flux, in a clean carborundum or silica crucible and at no time allow the temperature of the melt to rise above 475 C. Skim and stir the melt w
38、ith a clean dry wooden stick or silica rod then, using a casting temperature of not more than 450 C and not less than 425 C, cast the melt vertically into a suitable clean cast iron or mild steel mould that has been preheated to 100 C. 6.3 Analysis of the ingot metal Using any recognized and accepta
39、ble physico-chemical method2)or other method(s), determine in a representative portion of the test sample (6.2) the content of each element for which limits are specified in columns 5-12 of table 1 and, in the case of zinc Zn 2, arsenic and antimony. Amdt 1 NOTE In cases of dispute the methods adopt
40、ed by the relevant body (see foreword) shall be used. Amdt 1 2) Deleted by amendment No. 1. SANS 20:2008 Edition 2.1 9 Appendix A3)Applicable standards Reference is made to the latest issues of the following standards: SANS 1091, National colour standard. Amdt 1 Appendix B Notes to purchasers B.1 Th
41、e following requirements must be specified in tender invitations and in the order or contract: a) The metal designation or the SA code number (see 3.2 and table 1) b) When required, that a certificate of compliance is to accompany each lot (see 3.3) c) The mass of ingots in each stack or each pallet
42、 load, if other than as specified (see 4.1) d) If required, that stacks or pallet loads be colour coded (see 4.2.2(b) B.2 The following requirements must be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser: a) The mass of each ingot, if other than as specified (see 3.1) b) In the case of zinc
43、SHG, the aluminium content (see 3.2 and table 1) c) That stacks or pallet loads may contain ingots from two casts (see 4.1) 3) The information in the appendices is additional to that in the specification and has been included purely for information and guidance. SANS 20:2008 Edition 2.1 10 Appendix
44、C Typical uses of various grades of primary ingot zinc Grade SHG Special applications Grade Zn 1 As a base for the manufacture of alloys for die-castings. Rolled sheet and strip, especially suitable for deep drawing. Drawn wire for metal spraying. Grade Zn 2 Rolled sheet and strip suitable for a ran
45、ge of pressed or formed parts. Dry battery cans. As an alloying constituent in the manufacture of brass and bronze. Drawn wire for metal spraying. Grade Zn 3 General galvanizing purposes. Harder grades of rolled sheet and strips. Grade Zn 4 General galvanizing purposes. As an alloying constituent in the manufacture of brass and bronze. SABS
