1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22566-7 SANS 18000-4:2009Edition 2ISO/IEC 18000-4:2008Edition 2SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Information technology Radio frequency iden
4、tification for item management Part 4: Parameters for air interface communications at 2,45 GHz This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO/IEC 18000-4:2008 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization and the International Electrotechnica
5、l Commission. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS SANS 18000-4:2009 Edition 2 ISO/IEC 18000-4:2008 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South A
6、frican standard was approved by National Committee SABS SC 71K, Information technology Automatic identification and data capture techniques, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in July 200
7、9. This SANS document supersedes SANS 18000-4:2006 (edition 1). Reference numberISO/IEC 18000-4:2008(E)ISO/IEC 2008INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC18000-4Second edition2008-09-01Information technology Radio frequency identification for item management Part 4: Parameters for air interface communication
8、s at 2,45 GHz Technologies de linformation Identification par radiofrquence (RFID) pour la gestion dobjets Partie 4: Paramtres de communications dune interface dair 2,45 GHz SANS 18000-4:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO
9、/IEC 18000-4:2008(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In do
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12、s given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either I
13、SO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedSANS 18000-4:2009This s
14、 tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO/IEC 18000-4:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms .
15、 2 5 2,45 GHz RFID protocols that support this part of ISO/IEC 18000. 3 5.1 General. 3 5.1.1 Protocols . 3 5.1.2 Frequency 3 5.1.3 Tag identification number 4 5.1.4 Potential interference . 4 5.2 MODE 1: Passive backscatter RFID system 4 5.2.1 MODE 1: Physical and media access control (MAC) paramete
16、rs 5 5.2.2 Physical layer and data coding . 10 5.2.3 Protocol and collision arbitration . 20 5.3 MODE 2: Long range high data rate RFID system. 47 5.3.1 MODE 2: Physical and media access control (MAC) parameters 47 5.3.2 Modulation and coding. 52 5.3.3 General system description. 55 5.3.4 Frame stru
17、cture. 55 5.3.5 CCC 6.2.5 Channel coding and sequences 77 5.3.6 Command set for the command slot channel: CS-CH (only for R/W-tag). 78 6 Table of characteristic differences between the modes specified in this part of ISO/IEC 18000 82 Annex A (informative) Mode 1: Memory Map. 83 A.1 Tag memory map 83
18、 A.2 Unique identifier 83 A.3 Manufacturer ID and tag hardware 85 A.4 Tag Memory layout . 86 A.5 Application (USER) memory 88 Annex B (informative) Mode 1: CRC. 89 B.1 Interrogator to tag and tag to interrogator CRC-16. 89 B.2 CRC calculation examples. 90 Annex C (normative) Mode 2: Memory Map 93 C.
19、1 Tag Memory map 93 C.2 Tag Serial number UserTagID 94 C.3 Tag manufacturers identifiers MfrTagID 95 Annex D (informative) Mode 2: CRC. 96 D.1 Cyclic redundancy check (CRC) . 96 D.2 CRC calculation example. 96 Bibliography . 98 SANS 18000-4:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved
20、 subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO/IEC 18000-4:2008(E) iv ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National
21、bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Oth
22、er international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rule
23、s given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires appr
24、oval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. ISO/IEC 18000-4 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology Subcommittee SC 31, Automatic identification and data capture techniques. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 1
25、8000-4:2004), which has been technically revised. ISO/IEC 18000 consists of the following parts, under the general title Information technology Radio frequency identification for item management: Part 1: Reference architecture and definition of parameters to be standardized Part 2: Parameters for ai
26、r interface communications below 135 kHz Part 3: Parameters for air interface communications at 13,56 MHz Part 4: Parameters for air interface communications at 2,45 GHz Part 6: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz Part 7: Parameters for active air interface communicatio
27、ns at 433 MHz SANS 18000-4:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO/IEC 18000-4:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reserved vIntroduction This part of ISO/IEC 18000 is one of a series of International Standards and Technical Repor
28、ts developed by ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 31, WG 4 for the identification of items (Item Management) using radio frequency identification (RFID) technology. This part of ISO/IEC 18000 defines the 2,45 GHz protocols that support ISO/IEC 18000-1. Each of the specific physical/data link configurations is define
29、d in a separate sub-clause. The configuration descriptions include a Physical Layer and a Data Link Layer. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) draw attention to the fact that it is claimed that compliance with this document may
30、 involve the use of patents concerning radio-frequency identification technology given in all parts of the document and especially in 5.2 and 5.3. ISO and IEC take no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of these patent rights. The holders of these patent rights have assured the ISO
31、and IEC that they are willing to negotiate licences under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the world. In this respect, the statements of the holders of these patent rights are registered with ISO and IEC. Information may be obtained from the following
32、 companies. Contact details Patent number Intermec IP Corporation Legal Department Phyllis T.Turner-Brim, Esq. 6001 36th Ave, W Everett, Washington 98203, USA Tel.: +1(425)625-2480 Fax: +1(425)501-6587 Email: US 5,030,807 US 5,521,601 US 5,550,547 US 5,673,037 US 5,777,561 US 5,828,318 US 5,828,693
33、 US 5,850,181 US 5,942,987 US 5,995,019 NXP B.V. Intellectual Property US6,961,829B EP02735725.0 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, CT IP L includes Manchester errors; spaces ignored 11 00 11 10 10 Delimiter 1 5.2.2.8.5 CRC See clauses 5.2.2.6 and Annex B. 5.2.2.9 Response format 5.2.2.9.1 General The resp
34、onse consists of the following fields: Quiet Return Preamble Data fields CRC SANS 18000-4:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO/IEC 18000-4:2008(E) 18 ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedTable 13 General response format Quiet Re
35、turn Preamble Data CRC The tag shall use a backscatter technique to communicate data to the interrogator. The interrogator shall be steadily powering the tag as well as listening to the tag response throughout the tag-to-interrogator (backscatter) communication. This applies to all fields in the ret
36、urn link. 5.2.2.9.2 QUIET The tag shall not backscatter for 16 * Trlb 0,75 * Tflb. The duration of the quiet time is determined by the communication speed of the forward and return link. 5.2.2.9.3 CRC See clauses 5.2.2.6 and Annex B. 5.2.2.10 WAIT During the WAIT field, the interrogator provides ste
37、ady power to the tag for duration of at least 15 ms. No on-off key data may be sent during the write operation. When a tag receives a write command, it shall execute a write operation. (The details of the conditions under which a write will occur are described in clause 5.2.3.6.2.5.4.) If a write op
38、eration is executed, the final field in the overall field sequence shall always be WAIT. During the WAIT field, when the tag is writing data into the EEPROM, the interrogator must steadily power the tag. On-off key data shall not be sent during this time. Details are shown in Figure 8 and in Figure
39、9. CMD CRC-16RETURN DATA/ACK/ERRManchesterREMARKSTAG MODULATIONREADER OUTPUT WAVEFORMREMARKSTAG MODULATIONREADER OUTPUT WAVEFORMFM0PREAMBLE_DETECT00000101 01010101 01010001 10110001FIELD QUIET400 s minimumFIELD11 00 11 10 10RET PREAMBLEnine 01sPR EAMBLE STD ELCRC-16WORD_DATAFM0M anchesterADDR BMinte
40、rcommand time orfield on for writeM anchesterFigure 8 Sample Command/Response Packets for (GROUP_SELECT) (40 kbit/s on forward and return link) SANS 18000-4:2009This s tandard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO/IEC 18000-4:2008(E) ISO/IEC 2
41、008 All rights reserved 19REMARKSTAG MODULATIONREADER OUTPUT WAVEFORMCMDREMARKSTAG MODULATIONREADER OUTPUT WAVEFORMRETURN ACK/ERRfield on to power tag during writePREAMBLE_DETECT400 s minimumFIELDFIELDQUIETWAITPREAMBLEnine 01sRET PREAMBLE11 00 11 10 10STDELCRC-16M anchesterID ADDR CRC-16M anchesterD
42、ATFigure 9 Sample Command/Response Packets for WRITE (40 kbit/s on forward and return link) 5.2.2.11 Communication sequences at packet level Figure 10 and Figure 11 show several examples of communication sequences at the packet level. Figure 10 depicts a packet sequence that includes a write command
43、. The sequence includes a wait for write time, which provides the necessary time for the chip to complete its write operation. In addition, following the wait for write time, the interrogator issues a tag resync signal. This signal is composed of 10 consecutive 01 signals. The purpose of the tag res
44、ync signal is to initialise the tag data recovery circuitry. It is required after a write because the interrogator may output spurious edges during the wait for write time. Without the tag resync, tags may miscalibrate as a result of the spurious signals that may be generated. Figure 11 depicts a pa
45、cket sequence in which a frequency hop between commands is included. The tag resync signal is again required after the hop because spurious signals may be generated during the hop time. In order to ensure that tags do not get confused, frequency hops between command and response should be avoided. A
46、ction COMMAND RESPONSE WAIT FOR WRITE TAG RESYNC COMMAND RESPONSE Component execution action Interrogator Tag Interrogator Interrogator Interrogator Tag Notes - - 15 ms minimum ten 01s - - Figure 10 Command sequence (including a write) with no hopping SANS 18000-4:2009This s tandard may only be used
47、 and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS .ISO/IEC 18000-4:2008(E) 20 ISO/IEC 2008 All rights reservedAction COMMAND RESPONSE HOP TAG RESYNC COMMAND RESPONSE Component execution action Interrogator Tag Interrogator Interrogator Interrogator Tag Notes - - 26 s ten 01s
48、- - Figure 11 Command sequence with a hop between response and next command 5.2.3 Protocol and collision arbitration 5.2.3.1 Definition of data elements, bit and byte ordering 5.2.3.1.1 Unique ID See Annex A, Clause A.2. 5.2.3.1.2 CRC See clause 5.2.2.6 and Annex B. 5.2.3.1.3 FLAGS The tag shall sup
49、port a field of 8 flags. This field is called FLAGS. Table 14 FLAGS Bit Name FLAG1 (LSB) DE_SB (Data_Exchange Status Bit) FLAG2 WRITE_OK FLAG3 BATTERY_POWERED FLAG4 BATTERY_OK FLAG5 0 (RFU) FLAG6 0 (RFU) FLAG7 0 (RFU) FLAG8 (MSB) 0 (RFU) 5.2.3.1.3.1 Data Exchange Status Bit (DE_SB) The tag shall set this bit when the tag goes into the DATA_EXCHANGE state and keep it set unless it moves into the POWER-OFF state. When the DE_SB is set and the tag co
