1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22340-3 SANS 15939:2009 Edition 2 ISO/IEC 15939:2007 Edition 2 SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Systems and software engineering - Measurem
4、ent process This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO/IEC 15939:2007 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization and the International Electrotechnical Commission. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Priva
5、te Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. SANS 15939:2009 Edition 2 ISO/IEC 15939:2007 Edition 2 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National fore
6、word This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS SC 71K, ICT Automatic identification and data capture techniques, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in March 2009. Thi
7、s SANS document supersedes SANS 15939:2003 (edition 1). This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. Reference number ISO/IEC 15939:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 15939 Second edition 2007-08-01 Systems and software engi
8、neering Measurement process Ingnierie des systmes et du logiciel Processus de mesure SANS 15939:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO/IEC 15939:2007(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance
9、 with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensi
10、ng policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in this area. Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated. Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing.
11、Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise
12、specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright offi
13、ce Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reservedSANS 15939:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS
14、.ISO/IEC 15939:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved iii Contents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 1.1 Purpose 1 1.2 Field of application . 1 1.3 Tailoring this International Standard 1 1.4 Conformance. 1 1.5 Limitations. 2 2 Terms and definitions. 2 3 Application of this International
15、 Standard . 7 3.1 Purpose and outcomes of the measurement process 7 3.2 Overview of this International Standard. 7 3.3 Organization of this International Standard.10 4 Description of the activities. 11 4.1 Establish and sustain measurement commitment 11 4.2 Plan the measurement process. 12 4.3 Perfo
16、rm the measurement process 16 4.4 Evaluate measurement. 18 Annex A (informative) The measurement information model 20 Annex B (informative) Measurement process work products . 28 Annex C (informative) Example criteria for selecting measures. 30 Annex D (informative) Example criteria for evaluating a
17、n information product 32 Annex E (informative) Example criteria for evaluating the performance of the measurement process 35 Annex F (informative) Example elements of measurement planning . 36 Annex G (informative) Guidelines for reporting information products 37 Bibliography . 38 SANS 15939:2009Thi
18、s standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO/IEC 15939:2007(E) iv ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized
19、 system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committe
20、es collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International S
21、tandards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Public
22、ation as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
23、 patent rights. ISO/IEC 15939 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 7, Software and systems engineering. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 15939:2002), which has been technically revised. SANS 15939:2009This
24、 standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO/IEC 15939:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved v Introduction Measurement supports the management and improvement of processes and products. Measurement is a primary tool for managing system a
25、nd software life cycle activities, assessing the feasibility of project plans, and monitoring the adherence of project activities to those plans. System and software measurement is also a key discipline in evaluating the quality of products and the capability of organizational processes. It is becom
26、ing increasingly important in two-party business agreements, where it provides a basis for specification, management, and acceptance criteria. Continual improvement requires change within the organization. Evaluation of change requires measurement. Measurement itself does not initiate change. Measur
27、ement should lead to action and not be employed purely to accumulate data. Measurements should have a clearly defined purpose. This International Standard defines a measurement process applicable to system and software engineering and management disciplines. The process is described through a model
28、that defines the activities of the measurement process that are required to adequately specify what measurement information is required, how the measures and analysis results are to be applied, and how to determine if the analysis results are valid. The measurement process is flexible, tailorable, a
29、nd adaptable to the needs of different users. The measurement process defined in this International Standard, while written for system and software domains, can be applied in other domains. SANS 15939:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of
30、the SABS.SANS 15939:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 15939:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved 1 Systems and software engineering Measurement process 1 Scope 1.1 Purpose This International
31、Standard identifies the activities and tasks that are necessary to successfully identify, define, select, apply and improve measurement within an overall project or organizational measurement structure. It also provides definitions for measurement terms commonly used within the system and software i
32、ndustries. This International Standard does not catalogue measures, nor does it provide a recommended set of measures to apply on projects. It does identify a process that supports defining a suitable set of measures that address specific information needs. 1.2 Field of application This Internationa
33、l Standard is intended to be used by suppliers and acquirers. Suppliers include personnel performing management, technical and quality management functions in system and software development, maintenance, integration and product support organizations. Acquirers include personnel performing managemen
34、t, technical and quality management functions in procurement and user organizations. The following are examples of how this International Standard can be used: by a supplier to implement a measurement process to address specific project or organizational information requirements; by an acquirer (or
35、third-party agents) for evaluating conformance of the suppliers measurement process to this International Standard; by an acquirer (or third-party agents) to implement a measurement process to address specific technical and project management information requirements related to the acquisition; in a
36、 contract between an acquirer and a supplier as a method for defining the process and product measurement information to be exchanged. 1.3 Tailoring this International Standard This International Standard contains a set of activities and tasks that comprise a measurement process that meets the speci
37、fic needs of organizations, enterprises and projects. The tailoring process consists of modifying the non-normative descriptions of the tasks to achieve the purpose and outcomes of the measurement process. All normative clauses need to be satisfied. New activities and tasks not defined in this Inter
38、national Standard may be added as part of tailoring. 1.4 Conformance Conformance to this International Standard is defined as satisfying the purpose and outcomes of the measurement process and all of the normative clauses within the tasks in Clause 4. Any organization imposing this International Sta
39、ndard as a condition of trade is responsible for specifying and making public all task-specific criteria to be imposed in conjunction with this International Standard. SANS 15939:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO/IEC 15939
40、:2007(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reservedThroughout this International Standard, “shall” is used to express a provision that is binding on the party that is applying this International Standard, “should” to express a recommendation among other possibilities, and “may” to indicate a course of actio
41、n permissible within the limits of the International Standard. It is the responsibility of the organization to maintain appropriate evidence of satisfaction of the normative clauses for the purposes of demonstrating conformance. 1.5 Limitations This International Standard does not assume or prescrib
42、e an organizational model for measurement. The user of this International Standard should decide, for example, whether a separate measurement function is necessary within the organization and whether the measurement function should be integrated within individual projects or across projects, based o
43、n the current organizational structure, culture and prevailing constraints. This International Standard is not intended to prescribe the name, format or explicit content of the documentation to be produced. This International Standard does not imply that documents be packaged or combined in some fas
44、hion. These decisions are left to the user of this International Standard. The measurement process should be appropriately integrated with the organizational quality system. Not all aspects of internal audits and non-compliance reporting are covered explicitly in this International Standard as they
45、are assumed to be in the domain of the quality system. This International Standard is not intended to conflict with any organizational policies, standards or procedures that are already in place. However, any conflict should be resolved and any overriding conditions and situations need to be cited i
46、n writing as exceptions to the application of this International Standard. 2 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 2.1 acquirer stakeholder that acquires or procures a product or service from a supplier ISO/IEC 15288:2002 NOTE Other terms
47、 commonly used for an acquirer are buyer, customer, owner and purchaser. 2.2 attribute property or characteristic of an entity that can be distinguished quantitatively or qualitatively by human or automated means 2.3 base measure measure defined in terms of an attribute and the method for quantifyin
48、g it NOTE 1 A base measure is functionally independent of other measures. NOTE 2 Based on the definition of “base quantity” in the International Vocabulary of Basic and General Terms in Metrology, 1993. 2.4 data collection of values assigned to base measures, derived measures and/or indicators SANS
49、15939:2009This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO/IEC 15939:2007(E) ISO/IEC 2007 All rights reserved 3 2.5 data provider individual or organization that is a source of data 2.6 data store organized and persistent collection of data and information that allows for its retrieval 2.7 decision criteria thresholds, targets, or patterns used to determine the need for action or further investigation, or to describe the level of confidence in a given result 2.8 de
