1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ICS 35.040 ISBN 0-626-17949-1 SANS 15816:2006Edition 1ISO/IEC 15816:2002Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Information technology Security techniqu
4、es Security information objects for access control This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO/IEC 15816:2002 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization and the International Electrotechnical Commission. Published by Standards South Afr
5、ica 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax: 012 344 1568 international code + 27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa SANS 15816:2006 Edition 1 ISO/IEC 15816:2002 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope Abstract Gives the definition of guidel
6、ines for specifying the abstract syntax of generic and specific Security Information Objects (SIOs), and the specifications of generic and specific SIOs for Access Control. Covers only the “statics“ of SIOs through syntactic definitions in terms of ASN.1 descriptions and additional semantic explanat
7、ions. Does not cover the “dynamics“ of SIOs (e.g. rules relating to their creation and deletion), which are a local implementation issue. Keywords access control systems, access controls, data exchange, data processing, data security, data transmission, definitions, information exchange, information
8、 interchange, information technology, protection of information, security. National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA SC 71F, Information technology Information security, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3
9、of the WTO/TBT agreement. Reference numberISO/IEC 15816:2002(E)ISO/IEC 2002INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC15816First edition2002-02-01Information technology Security techniques Security information objects for access control Technologies de linformation Techniques de scurit Objets dinformations de sc
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13、al Secretariat at the address given below. ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IS
14、O at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reservedISO/IEC 15816:2002(E) ISO/IE
15、C 2002 All rights reserved iiiCONTENTS Page 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards. 1 2.2 Paired Recommendations | International Standards equivalent in technical content. 2 3 Definitions 2 4 Abbreviations 2 5 Conventions 3 5.1 Security Information
16、 Object Class Description. 3 5.2 Generic Security Information Object Class Correspondence 3 5.3 Security Information Object Composition. 3 6 Specification of Security Information Objects 3 6.1 Confidentiality Label. 3 6.1.1 Introduction . 3 6.1.2 ASN.1 Specification of the Label 4 6.1.3 Binding Meth
17、ods for Confidentiality Labels. 5 6.2 Security Policy Information File . 5 6.2.1 Introduction . 5 6.2.2 ASN.1 Specification of the Security Policy Information File . 6 6.3 Clearance Attribute 9 6.3.1 Introduction . 9 6.3.2 Definition of clearance attribute 10 7 Security Information Object Interactio
18、n . 10 7.1 SIO Class Structure Comparison. 10 7.2 Security Information Object Interaction for Access Control. 10 Annex A Security Information Objects for Access Control in ASN.1. 13 Annex B Expansion of the SECURITY-CATEGORY Syntax 19 ISO/IEC 15816:2002(E) iv ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reservedForeword
19、 ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical comm
20、ittees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
21、work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International
22、Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the el
23、ements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO/IEC 15816 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 27, IT Security technique
24、s, in collaboration with ITU-T. The identical text is published as ITU-T Rec. X.841. Annex A forms a normative part of of this International Standard. Annex B is for information only. ISO/IEC 15816:2002(E) ISO/IEC 2002 All rights reserved vIntroduction This Recommendation | International Standard on
25、 Security Information Objects (SIOs) for Access Control provides object definitions that are commonly needed in more than one security standard such that multiple and different definitions of the same functionality may be avoided. Precision in these definitions is achieved by use of the Abstract Syn
26、tax Notation One (ASN.1) defined in ITU-T Rec. X.680 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8824-1:1998, and ITU-T Rec. X.681 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8824-2:1998. The aim of security management is to ensure that assets, including information, are protected appropriately and cost effectively. In order to protect proprietary inte
27、rests and Intellectual Property Rights, organizations need to control the handling of their information. Severe damage or embarrassment can be caused to either the originator or holder of sensitive information, for example, if it is released to those not authorized to receive it (a breach of confide
28、ntiality), or if it is modified in any way (a breach of integrity). Each organization needs to ensure that it protects its own information and assets adequately in all forms during its storage, processing and transmission between and within organizations over both private and public networks. Organi
29、zations must be satisfied that their assets will be protected properly when they are held or processed by others if business is to be conducted more widely. The motivation for development of SIOs for Access Control is the achievement of the flexibility and interoperability in security management tha
30、t accrues from the use of common structures for similar functions. Standardization of security labels and alternative methods for access control have been pursued in this Recommendation | International Standard. ISO/IEC 15816 : 2002 (E) ITU-T X.841 (10/2000 E) 1 INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 15816
31、: 2001 (E) ITU-T RECOMMENDATION INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SECURITY TECHNIQUES SECURITY INFORMATION OBJECTS FOR ACCESS CONTROL 1 Scope The scope of this Recommendation | International Standard is: a) the definition of guidelines for specifying the abstract syntax of generic and specific Security Informa
32、tion Objects (SIOs) for Access Control; b) the specification of generic SIOs for Access Control; c) the specification of specific SIOs for Access Control. The scope of this Recommendation | International Standard covers only the “statics“ of SIOs through syntactic definitions in terms of ASN.1 descr
33、iptions and additional semantic explanations. It does not cover the “dynamics“ of SIOs, for example rules relating to their creation and deletion. The dynamics of SIOs are a local implementation issue. 2 Normative references The following Recommendations and International Standards contain provision
34、s which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation | International Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and Standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this Recommendation | Internati
35、onal Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent edition of the Recommendations and Standards listed below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. The Telecommunication Standardization Bureau of ITU maintains a lis
36、t of currently valid ITU-T Recommendations. 2.1 Identical Recommendations | International Standards ITU-T Recommendation X.411 (1999) | ISO/IEC 10021-4, Information technology Message Handling Systems (MHS): Message transfer system: Abstract service definition and procedures. ITU-T Recommendation X.
37、500 (2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-1:2001, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Overview of concepts, models and services. ITU-T Recommendation X.501 (2001) | ISO/IEC 9594-2:2001, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Models. ITU-T Recommendation X.5
38、09 (2000) | ISO/IEC 9594-8:2001, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection The Directory: Public-key and attribute certificate frameworks. ITU-T Recommendation X.680 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8824-1:1998, Information technology Abstract syntax notation one (ASN.1): Specification of basic notation.
39、ITU-T Recommendation X.681 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8824-2:1998, Information technology Abstract syntax notation one (ASN.1): Information object specification. ITU-T Recommendation X.682 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8824-3:1998, Information technology Abstract syntax notation one (ASN.1): Constraint specification. ITU-
40、T Recommendation X.683 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8824-4:1998, Information technology Abstract syntax notation one (ASN.1): Parameterization of ASN.1 specifications. ITU-T Recommendation X.690 (1997) | ISO/IEC 8825-1:1998, Information technology ASN.1 encoding rules: Specification of Basic Encoding Rules (BER
41、), Canonical Encoding Rules (CER) and Distinguished Encoding Rules (DER). ISO/IEC 15816 : 2002 (E) 2 ITU-T X.841 (10/2000 E) CCITT Recommendation X.722 (1992) | ISO/IEC 10165-4:1992, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Structure of management information: Guidelines for the definitio
42、n of managed objects. ITU-T Recommendation X.741 (1995) | ISO/IEC 10164-9:1995, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Systems Management: Objects and attributes for access control. ITU-T Recommendation X.803 (1994) | ISO/IEC 10745:1995, Information technology Open Systems Interconnecti
43、on Upper layers security model. ITU-T Recommendation X.810 (1995) | ISO/IEC 10181-1:1996, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection Security frameworks for open systems: Overview. ITU-T Recommendation X.830 (1995) | ISO/IEC 11586-1:1996, Information technology Open Systems Interconnection
44、Generic upper layers security: Overview, models and notation. 2.2 Paired Recommendations | International Standards equivalent in technical content CCITT Recommendation X.800 (1991), Security architecture for Open Systems Interconnection for CCITT applications. ISO 7498-2:1989, Information processing
45、 systems Open Systems Interconnection Basic Reference Model Part 2: Security Architecture. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this Recommendation | International Standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 Compartmentalization: As defined in ISO/IEC 2382-8. 3.2 Generic SIO Class: An SIO Class in w
46、hich the data types for one or more of the components are not fully specified. 3.3 Information Object: As defined in ITU-T Rec. X.681 | ISO/IEC 8824-2. 3.4 Information Object Class: As defined in ITU-T Rec. X.681 | ISO/IEC 8824-2. 3.5 Object Identifier (OID): As defined in ITU-T Rec. X.680 | ISO/IEC
47、 8824-1. 3.6 Seal: As defined in ITU-T Rec. X.810 | ISO/IEC 10181-1. 3.7 Security Authority: The entity accountable for the administration of a security policy within a security domain. 3.8 Security Domain: A collection of users and systems subject to a common security policy. 3.9 Security Informati
48、on Object: An instance of an SIO Class. 3.10 Security Information Object Class: An Information Object Class that has been tailored for security use. 3.11 Security Label: As defined in CCITT Rec. X.800 and ISO/IEC 7498-2. 3.12 Security Policy: As defined in ISO/IEC 2382-8. 3.13 Security Policy Inform
49、ation File: A construct that conveys domain-specific security policy information. 3.14 Specific SIO Class: An SIO Class in which the data types for all components are fully specified. 4 Abbreviations For the purposes of this Recommendation | International Standard, the following abbreviations apply: ASN.1 Abstract Syntax Notation One EE End Entity IT Information Technology ISO/IEC 15816 : 2002 (E) ITU-T X.841 (10/2000 E) 3 OID Object Identifier RBAC Rule B
