1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-21981-9 SANS 14227:2008 Edition 1 ISO 14227:2001 Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Small craft Magnetic compasses This national sta
4、ndard is the identical implementation of ISO 14227:2001, and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Private Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za
5、 SABS This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.SANS 14227:2008 Edition 1 ISO 14227:2001 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 188, Small
6、craft, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in September 2008. This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS. Reference number ISO
7、14227:2001(E) ISO 2001INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14227 First edition 2001-12-15 Small craft Magnetic compasses Petits navires Compas magntiques SANS 14227:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 14227:2001(E) PDF disclaimer This
8、 PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading this file, parties accept ther
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10、e PDF-creation parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO 2001 All rights reser
11、ved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the request
12、er. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.ch Web www.iso.ch Printed in Switzerland ii ISO 2001 All rights reserved SANS 14227:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clie
13、nts of the SABS.ISO 14227:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword.iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Marking .3 5 Magnetic compasses.3 5.1 Construction and material 3 5.2 Compass bowl .3 5.3 Directional system.3 5.4 Lubber mark .4 5.5 Compass car
14、d 5 5.6 Accuracy.5 5.7 Temperature test6 5.8 Test in wet, hot and salty environments .6 6 Binnacles, helmets and their ancillary equipment.6 7 Location of the compass on board the craft.6 Annex A (normative) Compliance with this International Standard 7 Annex B (informative) Location and adjustment
15、of magnetic compasses on board the craft .8 SANS 14227:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 14227:2001(E) iv ISO 2001 All rights reserved Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federa
16、tion of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committ
17、ee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance
18、 with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires ap
19、proval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14227 was prepared by
20、Technical Committee ISO/TC 188, Small craft. Annex A forms a normative part of this International Standard. Annex B is for information only. SANS 14227:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14227:2001(E)
21、 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 1Small craft Magnetic compasses 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the general requirements for the construction as well as the performance of type tests of magnetic compasses on board small craft of hull length up to 24 m. It refers to liquid magnetic compas
22、ses, which can be inspected (e.g. not sealed), either equipped with a direct reading system, or of the reflecting/projecting type. This International Standard also covers magnetic compasses (3.1) not supported on gimbals. The requirements relating to gimbals do not refer to such magnetic compasses.
23、This International Standard does not cover dry card compasses, or types of compasses designed on principles different from those stated above or not complying with the description given in this clause (e.g. transmitting compasses). 2 Normative references The following normative documents contain pro
24、visions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investig
25、ate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 1069:1973, Magnetic
26、 compasses and binnacles for sea navigation Vocabulary IEC 60721-3-6:1987, Classification of environmental conditions. Part 3: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their severities. Section 6: Ship environment IEC 60721-3-6, Amendment 1, 1991 IEC 60721-3-6, Amendment 2, 1996 SANS
27、 14227:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 14227:2001(E) 2 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the terms and definitions of ISO 1069 and the following apply.
28、3.1 magnetic compass instrument consisting of a directional system supported on a pivot inside a bowl which is completely filled with liquid and which may be supported on gimbals 3.2 gimbals devices permitting movements regarding the longitudinal and transversal axes of the craft so as to allow the
29、directional system to seek a horizontal position regardless of the motion of the craft 3.3 static stability of the card condition allowing the card to stay horizontally in its balance position 3.4 mechanical stability of the card condition permitting to reduce to a minimum the angular acceleration t
30、hat the card can attain when under rolling, pitching or vibration 3.5 magnetic stability of the card condition permitting to call back the magnetic axis of the card to the magnetic meridian when moved away, forced by the horizontal component H of the total magnetic field of the earth 3.6 directional
31、 error algebric sum of the collimation error, eccentricity error and graduation error 3.7 horizontal component H value of the horizontal component of the total magnetic field of the earth at the testing site 3.8 vertical component Z value of the vertical component of the local total magnetic field o
32、f the earth 3.9 lubber error difference in degrees between the compass lubber mark and the vertical plane passing through the external gimbal axis 3.10 friction error difference in degrees between the initial value and that obtained after the deflection of a small angle 3.11 swirl error difference i
33、n degrees between the heading reading after a complete rotation of the bowl at a uniform speed of 1,5 /s and that carried out at rest at the beginning of the test SANS 14227:2008This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 14227:2001(E)
34、ISO 2001 All rights reserved 34 Marking The following markings are required: manufacturers name clearly and permanently inscribed on the card; type identification and serial number; number of this International Standard; type of liquid, if other than alcohol, inscribed on the bowl. NOTE See normativ
35、e annex A. 5 Magnetic compasses 5.1 Construction and material The compass shall be manufactured of materials having characteristics suitable for marine environments. These materials shall be non-magnetic, except for the magnets of the directional system which shall be of a suitable material of high
36、remanence and coercivity. Unless otherwise specified, all the compass characteristics stated hereafter shall be at a temperature of + 20 C 3 C. 5.2 Compass bowl 5.2.1 The magnetic compass bowl shall be supported by gimbals, which shall satisfy the following conditions. a) The two gimbal axes (intern
37、al and external) shall be mutually perpendicular, with a tolerance of 1, and on the same plane, with a tolerance of 1 mm. b) The external gimbal axis shall be positioned in parallel with the crafts longitudinal direction. 5.2.2 Within the temperature range of 30 C to + 60 C, the liquid in the compas
38、s bowl shall remain clear and free from bubbles, and neither emulsify nor freeze. There shall be no inward leak of air, nor outward leak of liquid. 5.2.3 The upper glass (and lower glass, if this exists) of the compass bowl shall have suitable characteristics and thickness. The balance of the compas
39、s bowl shall not be disturbed by any magnifying device or by any azimuth reading device provided for use with the compass. 5.2.4 The compass bowl shall be designed so that sufficient mounting surface and free space for the installation of a magnetic sonde is provided, if required by the yard/custome
40、r. 5.3 Directional system 5.3.1 The directional system shall be equipped with a pivot bearing consisting of hard stone and shall remain in the original position by adequate means, and be free when the bowl has a 10 tilt in any direction (30 if the bowl is not gimballed). SANS 14227:2008This standard
41、 may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 14227:2001(E) 4 ISO 2001 All rights reserved 5.3.2 The force F exerted by the directional system on the pivot in the liquid shall be: 0,04 u F 165 mm. 5.3.3 The pivot shall have a conical point consisting
42、of hard stone or metal of at least equivalent hardness. 5.3.4 The magnetic moment m of the directional system shall not be less than the values shown in Figure 1. The directional system shall not be damaged or deformed in the temperature range of 30 C to + 60 C. Figure 1 Magnetic moment of magnets o
43、f the directional system 5.4 Lubber mark 5.4.1 The compass shall be fitted with one main lubber mark indicating the forward longitudinal direction of the craft. Additional lubber marks are permissible. 5.4.2 The width of the main lubber mark, in correspondence to the card graduation, shall not be gr
44、eater than the width of the dial division lines and the length shall be such as to permit the reading of the compass when the compass bowl of a gimbal is tilted 10 from the horizontal plane and that of a compass without gimbals is tilted 30. SANS 14227:2008This standard may only be used and printed
45、by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 14227:2001(E) ISO 2001 All rights reserved 55.5 Compass card 5.5.1 With the directional system located in the compass bowl, the compass-card tilt shall not be greater than 1 from the horizontal plane when the intensity of the vertical
46、component Z of the total magnetic field of the earth in that determined locality is equal to 0. 5.5.2 The compass-card tilt shall not vary by more than 3,5 when the intensity of the vertical component Z of the total magnetic field of the earth varies by 100 T ( 80 A/m = 1 oersted). 5.5.3 With a hori
47、zontal magnetic field of 18 T, the half period, expressed in seconds, by an initial card deflection of 45 from the magnetic meridian, shall not be less than 4 s or 0,06d whichever is the larger, d being the card diameter, expressed in millimetres. 5.5.4 The compass card shall have a static, mechanic
48、al and magnetic stability and an adequate sensibility. The real diameter of the compass card shall not be less than 100 mm, hemispherical compasses excepted, see 5.5.5. 5.5.5 The real diameter of hemispherical compasses shall not be less than 65 mm. 5.5.6 The compass card shall be graduated in equal
49、 intervals not greater than 5, starting from the north with the figures increasing clockwise when viewed from above. 5.5.7 The reading of the card shall be possible in both daylight and artificial light, at a distance of 1 m for all graduations within 15 on each side of the lubber mark. 5.5.8 The cardinal points shall be indicated with capital letters N, S, E and W; the intermediate points may also be marked. Alternatively, the north point may be indicated by a suitable symbol. 5.6 Accu
