1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-22211-6 SANS 12200:2008 Edition 1 ISO 12200:1999 Edition 1SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Computer applications in terminology Machine-rea
4、dable terminology interchange format (MARTIF) Negotiated interchange This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 12200:1999 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by SABS Standards Division 1 Dr Lategan Road Groenkloof Pr
5、ivate Bag X191 Pretoria 0001 Tel: +27 12 428 7911 Fax: +27 12 344 1568 www.sabs.co.za SABS This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.SANS 12200:2008 Edition 1 ISO 12200:1999 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National forewo
6、rd This South African standard was approved by National Committee SABS TC 37, Terminology and other language and content resources, in accordance with procedures of the SABS Standards Division, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in November 2008. Th
7、is standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.Reference number ISO 12200:1999(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12200 First edition 1999-10-01 Computer applications in terminology Machine-readable terminology interchange format (MARTIF) Negotiated
8、interchange Applications informatiques en terminologie Format de transfert de donnes terminologiques exploitables par la machine (MARTIF) Transfert ngociThis standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 12200:1999(E) Contents Foreword v Intro
9、duction . v i 1 Scope .1 2 Normative references .1 3 Terms and definitions 2 4 Structuring terminological information 2 5 Terminological entries in MARTIF .4 5.1 Data categories 4 5.1.1 Specification of data categories 4 5.1.2 MARTIF tags .4 5.1.3 MARTIF attributes 1 1 5.1.4 Values of the attribute
10、type 1 2 5.2 MARTIF entry structures 1 3 5.2.1 MARTIF document structure.1 3 5.2.2 The terminological entry .1 3 5.2.3 Treatment of quasi-equivalents 1 5 5.2.4 Rules governing the 1 8 5.2.5 Links .2 2 6 Character encoding and the lang attribute 2 3 7 Interchange procedures 2 4 8 The Document Type De
11、finition (DTD) for MARTIF .2 4 8.1 The overall structure of terminology documents 2 4 8.2 Prolog 2 9 8.2.1 Prolog declarations .2 9 8.2.2 MARTIF framework 3 1 8.2.3 MARTIF body 3 1 8.2.4 MARTIF character entities .3 2 8.3 MARTIF header 3 3 8.4 MARTIF text 3 4 8.4.1 MARTIF components .3 4 8.4.2 MARTI
12、F front 3 4 8.4.3 MARTIF body 3 4 8.4.4 MARTIF back 3 6 8.5 Validation .4 1 ii ISO1999 Allrightsreserved.Unlessotherwisespecified,nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedorutilizedinanyformorbyan y means,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopyingandmicrofilm,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishe
13、r. InternationalOrganizationforStandardization Casepostale56 CH1211Genve20 Switzerland Internet isoiso.ch PrintedinSwitzerlandThis standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 12200:1999(E) iii ANNEX A (normative): Normalized data category re
14、presentation 4 7 ANNEX B (informative): Markup of bibliographic entries .1 0 9 ANNEX C (informative) : Data categories listed according to associated Generic Identifiers (GIs) and attributes .1 2 1 ANNEX D (informative): Data modeling variance 1 2 7 ANNEX E (informative): Sample MARTIF document .1 2
15、 9 ANNEX F (informative): Terms and definitions taken from ISO 1087-2 and from ISO 8879:1986 1 3 3 ANNEX G (informative): Contacts for further information .1 3 5 Bibliography .1 3 6 Index .1 3 7 Index of data categories and links listed in Annex A 1 4 1 ISOThis standard may only be used and printed
16、by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 12200:1999(E) iv Figures, tables and examples cited in this standard Figure 1 Sample terminological entry . 3 Figure 2 Example of MARTIF full form tag names . 9 Figure 3 Example of a MARTIF element 1 0 Figure 4 The basic structure of a
17、 MARTIF terminological entry . 1 4 Figure 5 Basic components of a MARTIF document 2 5 Figure 6 Structure of the document instance 2 5 Figure 7 SGML Declaration 2 9 Figure 8 ISO 646 subset . 3 2 Figure 9 The MARTIF framework DTD fragment . 4 1 Figure 10 The MARTIF body DTD fragment 4 4 Figure 11 A sa
18、mple MARTIF character entity DTD fragment 4 6 Table 1 MARTIF tags and their description 4 Table 2 List of MARTIF attributes 1 1 Table A.1 Data category classification 4 7 Table A.2 Interpretation for Table A.3 . 5 1 Table A.3 MARTIF data category representation . 5 3 Table B.1 Bibliographic data cat
19、egories 1 1 0 Example 1 Use of the attribute type 1 2 Example 2 Use of the attribute lang 1 2 Example 3 Full MARTIF term entry . 1 5 Example 4 Treatment of quasi-equivalents . 1 6 Example 5 entry 1 9 Example 6 entry with use of 1 9 Example 7 Use of and notes on notes . 2 0 Example 8 Use of and . 2 2
20、 Example 9 Use of 2 3 Example 10 Sample MARTIF document . 2 6 Example 11 Back-matter representation 3 8 Example 12 Namespace identifiers 3 9 Example 13 Responsibility entry . 4 0 Example 14 Responsibility references 4 0 Example A.1 Concept system . 1 0 8 Example A.2 Thesaurus entry 1 0 8 Example B.1
21、 Traditional bibliographic notation (presentational markup) 1 1 9 Example B.2 Sample notation according to ISO 12083 1 1 9 Example B.3 Sample notation according to ISO 12200-1 1 2 0 Example E.1 MARTIF Document No. 2 1 2 9 ISOThis standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and fre
22、emailing clients of the SABS.ISO 12200:1999(E) v Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each
23、member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
24、 Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies ca
25、sting a vote. International Standard ISO 12200 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 37, Terminology (principles and coordination), Subcommittee SC 3, Computer applications. The specifications in this International Standard were developed in close cooperation with the Text Encoding Initiative (
26、TEI) and the Localisation Industry Standards Association (LISA). ISO 12200 is based on ISO 8879, Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML). This International Standard covering negotiated interchange is designed to be as open and flexible as possible in order to cover all types and forms of termin
27、ological entry structures that occur in terminological databases and specialized dictionaries. Further parts of ISO 12200 may specify more restricted interchange formats for specific purposes. The objective of these further parts would be to enable more data to be passed between systems without cust
28、omized intervention. Such further parts of ISO 12200 would specify formats that will be backward compatible with this International Standard so that documents structured according to further parts of ISO 12200 would be parsable using the Document Type Definition (DTD) specified in this International
29、 Standard, but documents structured according to this International Standard would not necessarily be parsable with the DTD specified in one of the further parts of ISO 12200. Annex A forms an integral part of this International Standard. Annexes B, C, D, E, F and G are for information only. ISOThis
30、 standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 12200:1999(E) vi Introduction Terminological data are collected, managed, and stored in a wide variety of terminology database systems, ranging from personal computer applications for individual u
31、sers to mainframe term-bank systems operated by major companies and governmental agencies. The interchange of terminological data has become increasingly necessary among different applications, systems, and hardware platforms. This International Standard is designed to support these needs for effici
32、ent data interchange. ISO 8879, which covers Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML), provides a method of describing documents. Instead of encoding how a document is rendered on the page, it describes the structural properties of the document and the interrelation of the components making up th
33、e document. It is well-known that SGML provides a single universal descriptive language in which the many available markup systems can be represented to facilitate transfer of texts (i.e., of information) from one program or application to another. As the use of SGML grows, it is being more widely u
34、sed, in accordance with the intentions of its designers, for marking up text for data interchange and information retrieval, as well as for encoding texts for manipulation in hypertext environments. For terminology work in general, the following International Standards are relevant: ISO 704, ISO 860, ISO 1087 and ISO 10241. ISOThis standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.
