1、 Collection of SANS standards in electronic format (PDF) 1. Copyright This standard is available to staff members of companies that have subscribed to the complete collection of SANS standards in accordance with a formal copyright agreement. This document may reside on a CENTRAL FILE SERVER or INTRA
2、NET SYSTEM only. Unless specific permission has been granted, this document MAY NOT be sent or given to staff members from other companies or organizations. Doing so would constitute a VIOLATION of SABS copyright rules. 2. Indemnity The South African Bureau of Standards accepts no liability for any
3、damage whatsoever than may result from the use of this material or the information contain therein, irrespective of the cause and quantum thereof. ISBN 978-0-626-19956-2 SANS 11660-2:2007 Edition 1 ISO 11660-2:1994 Edition 1 SOUTH AFRICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Cranes Access, guards and restraints Part 2
4、: Mobile cranes This national standard is the identical implementation of ISO 11660-2:1994 and is adopted with the permission of the International Organization for Standardization. Published by Standards South Africa 1 dr lategan road groenkloof private bag x191 pretoria 0001 tel: 012 428 7911 fax:
5、012 344 1568 international code +27 12 www.stansa.co.za Standards South Africa This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.SANS 11660-2:2007 Edition 1 ISO 11660-2:1994 Edition 1 Table of changes Change No. Date Scope National foreword This
6、South African standard was approved by National Committee StanSA SC 5120.59B, Cranes Mobile cranes, in accordance with procedures of Standards South Africa, in compliance with annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement. This SANS document was published in May 2007. This standard may only be used and printed b
7、y approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11660-2 First edition 1994-08-15 Cranes - Access, guards and restraints - Part 2: Mobile cranes Appareils de levage a Charge suspendue - Moyens dacces, dispositifs de protection et de retenue - Partie 2: Grues mob
8、iles Reference number ISO 116602:1994(E) SANS 11660-2:2007This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 11660=2:1994(E) Foreword lS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation sf national Standards bodi
9、es (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Esch member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations
10、, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated
11、 to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO 11660-2 was prepared by Technical Committee lSO/TC 96, Cranes, Subcommittee SC 6, Mobile cranes. ISO 11660 consists of the fol
12、lowing Parts, under the general title Cranes - Access, guards and restraints: - Part 1: General - Part 2: Mobile cranes - Part 3: Tower cranes - Part 4: Jib cranes Annexes A and B of this patt of ISO 11660 are for information only. 0 ISO 1994 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part
13、of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronie or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without Permission in writing from the publisher. International Organization for Standardization Case Postale 56 l CH-1 211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland Printed i
14、n Switzerland SANS 11660-2:2007This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 ISO ISO 11660=2:1994(E) Cranes - Access, guards and restraints - Part 2: Mobile cranes 1 Scope This part of ISO 11660 specifies criteria for
15、 Steps, stairways, ladders, walkways, platforms, handrails, handholds, guardrails and entrance openings which permit access to and from Operator, inspection or maintenance platforms on mobile cranes as defined in ISO 4306-2 and parked in accordance with the manufacturers instruction. lt also present
16、s require- ments for guards and restraints as related to moving Parts. This part of ISO 11660 is also based on and partly in harmony with ISO 2860 and ISO 2867. For mobile cranes fitted with a tower ISO 11660-3 and ISO 11660-4 should be consulted. 2 Normative references The following Standards conta
17、in provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 11660. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Standards are subject to revision, and Parties to agreements based on this part of ISO 11660 are encouraged to investi- gate the po
18、ssibility of applying the most recent edi- tions of the Standards indicated below. Members of EEC and ISO maintain registers of currently valid International Standards. ISO 4306.2:-1, Cranes - Vocabulary - Part 2: Mo- bile cranes. ISO 11660-l :+ Cranes - Access, guards and re- straints - Part 1: Gen
19、eral. 3 General 3.1 The requirements given in this part of ISO 11660 are based on one person, unladen, using the access System by himself, i.e. no other coworkers are on the access System, and on the 95th to 5th percentile human physical dimensions as presented in ISO 3411. lt shall also be recogniz
20、ed that some machine designs may require modifications or variances from the re- quirements presented in this part of ISO 11660. 4 Definitions For the purposes of this patt of ISO 11660, the fol- lowing definitions apply. 4.1 access System: System provided on a machine for entrance to and exit from
21、an Operator, inspection or maintenance platform from and to the ground. i) To be published. (Revision of ISO 4306-21985) 2) To be published. SANS 11660-2:2007This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 116602:1994(E) 0 ISO .4 stepped la
22、dder: Ladder consisting of side rails and Steps which tan accommodate both feet, used for access where the angle of inclination from the horizontal exceeds 65”. .lO ladder fall-limiting device: Any device which minimizes or limits the length sf fall from a ladder System. 4.2 jib walkway: Walkway use
23、d mainly on long jibs, such as on dragline cranes, which arc inclined at an- gles up to 20” from the horizontal. tors platform: Area from which an op- erator controls the travel and work functions of the machine. 4.3 jib skywalk platform: Maintenance platform on jib base sections. 4.4 controlled des
24、cent d vice: Devise which tan automatically lower a person without ovver at a fixed speed as part of an alternative access System. 4.12 8SSB war: VValkway with confining barriers on both sides that extend vertically above the walking surface to a height of at least 1 200 mm for erect walking or 300
25、mm for crawling. 4.5 enclosure opening: Opening leading to or from an access System and large enough for a person to pass through. 4.13 latformn Horizontal surface for the support of persons engaged in Operation, maintenance, in- spection or repair work. 4.5.1 primary access. opening: Opening normal
26、ly used for 4.14 ramp: Plane inclined at an angle of 20” or less from the horizontal, without Steps, but with cleats or other surface treatment for the purpose of traction. 4.5.2 alternative opening: Opening for use during emergencies when the primary opening is not usable. 4.15 cleat: Device added
27、to a walkway or ramp sur- face to improve traction. 4.5.3 Service opening: Opening for use during maintenance, Service or inspection. 4.16 rest platform; landing: Platform used in con- junction with a ladder System for a person to rest on while standing. 4.6 foot barrier: Device to prevent a persons
28、 foot from slipping off the edge of a platform or walkway. 4.7 guardrail: Device along the open sides of walk- ways or platforms to protect a person from falling. 4.17 riser height: Height between two consecutive Steps or rungs, measured from the tread surface of one step or rung to the tread surfac
29、e of the next. 4.8 handrail and handhold: Parts of an access System that may be grasped by the hand as an aid to body support and balance. 4.18 rung: Device on which one or both feet may be placed, generally installed on vertical ladders or on a Single foot-Step. 4.9 ladder: Access System or part of
30、 an access System, inclined from the horizontal at an angle greater than 50” but not more than 90”, consisting of a series of equally spaced Steps that tan accommo- date one or both feet. 4.19 stairway: Access System or part of an access System inclined from the horizontal at an angle greater than 3
31、3,7” but not more than 67” and consisting of four or more Steps. 4.9.1 vertical ladder: Ladder whose angle of incli- nation from the horizontal is greater than 75”. 4.20 Step: Device for placement of one or both feet, either as patt of a ladder or stairway, or installed (placed) individually. 4.9.2
32、inclined ladder: Ladder whose angle of incli- nation from the horizontal is greater than 50” but not more than 75”. 4.21 stride distance: Horizontal distance from the leading edge of one step to the leading edge of the next Step. 4.9.3 rung ladder: Ladder consisting of side rails and rungs which tan
33、 accommodate both feet, used for access where the angle of inclination from the horizontal exceeds 75”. 4.22 three-Point support: Feature of an access System which permits, but does not require, a person to use simultaneously two hands and one foot or two 2 SANS 11660-2:2007This standard may only be
34、 used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.0 ISO ISO 11660=2:1994(E) feet and one hand, while ascending, moving about on the crane. descending or 5.3 An alternative exit shall be provided and shall be clearly indicated if not obvious. 4.23 tread depth: Distance fr
35、om the leading edge to the back of the Step. 6 Performance criteria 4.24 walkway: Part of an access System that per- mits walking or crawling between locations on a crane. 6.1 The walking and standing surfaces of access Systems shall withstand, without visible permanent deformation, the following mi
36、nimum forces applied perpendicular to the surface. 4.25 powered or manually actuated access de- vice: Device that through power or manual actuation provides a complete or partial primary access or al- ternative access System. a) 2 000 N concentrated through a 125 mm diam- eter disc applied at any lo
37、cation on the surface; and 4.26 slip-resistant surface: Access System surface having qualities which improve the traction obtained by the foot. b) 4 500 N uniformily distributed per Square metre of surface area or fraction thereof if iess than a Square metre. Annex A presents examples of surfaces th
38、at are considered “Slip-resistant”. These forces need not be applied simultaneously. 6.2 Openings in walkways and platform surfaces shall not permit the passage of a spherical Object of diameter 3 40 mm. If the floor surface is above a surface where persons will be walking, standing or working, the
39、opening shall not permit the passage of a spherical Object of diameter 20 mm. Solid sur- faces shall be used when necessary to prevent the passage of material that could result in personal injury to a person above or below the surface. For jib walk- ways and other similar areas that are used only fo
40、r inspection or maintenance, the standing or stepping surface openings may be increased to twice the above values. 5 General criteria 51 . Access System design shall consider: a) the probability sf a user being inadvertently re- strained by protruding devices such as controls, Steps or handles catch
41、ing or holding body ap- pendages or wearing apparel; b) protrusions which could trip the user or increase the severity of an injury in case of a fall; c) providing handrails or handholds with a smooth handgrasp surface; the probability of user contact with potential haz- ards such as extreme differe
42、ntes in heat or cold, electrical hazards, moving Parts and sharp cor- ners; use of the access System shall be easily under- stood and require no training; 6.3 Handrails, handholds and guardrails shall be ca- pable of withstanding a minimum forte of 1 000 N applied at any Point from any direction wit
43、hout visible permanent deformation. Flexible devices shall not deflect under the applied test load more than 80 mm from their normal undeflected Position. 6.4 Machinery enclosure roofs used only for sup- Port of Personne1 during inspection, such as cab and canopy roofs, may comply only with 6.1 a).
44、f) proper placement of components offering three- Point support to the user ascending or descending the access System when more than 1 m above the ground. 6.5 All surfaces of the access System for e.g. walk- ing, stepping or crawling (including any device or structural component thereof used as patt
45、 of an ac- cess System) shall be slip-resistant. 52 . Primary access System devices may be portable for convenient storage on the crane but shall be ca- pable of being positively secured when in use or in the stored Position. Crane track shoe and track Pad surfac es tan be used as access Steps id th
46、ree-poi nt s UPP0r.t is prov ided. 3 SANS 11660-2:2007This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.ISO 11660=2:1994(E) 0 ISO 7 Steps 7.1 Steps shall conform to the dimensions given in figure 1 and table 1. Where possible, Steps should be wid
47、e enough SO accommodate both feet. 7.2 Where lateral body movement is necessary from the top or bottom step of a ladder to the next stepping surface, the distance between the rung and the nearest edge of the bearing surface shall be within a spherical radius R of 300 mm max* (sec fig- ure 1). 9.3 St
48、eps shall be coordinated with properly pos- itioned handrails and handholds. 7.4 Wherever a foot tan protrude through the step and contact a moving part, a shield shall be provided between the step and the moving part. 5 Step design should incorporate a barries at the ends of the Step which the foot
49、 will contact in the event of lateral Slippage. d surface shall not be intended for 7 Step design should minimize accumulation of debris and aid in the cleaning of mud and debris from the shoe Sole. Crawler tracks, if permitted as Steps, do not meet this requirement. Dimensions in miIlimetres Platform A Rung ladder .nce 7 Platform Level Stepped ladder Figure 1 - Steps, ladders and stairways Stairway SANS 11660-2:2007This standard may only be used and printed by approved subscription and freemailing clients of the SABS.Table 1 Dimensions of Steps, ladders and stairways Dimen
