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3、ae.orgCopyright 2000 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.SURFACEVEHICLE400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001STANDARDSubmitted for recognition as an American National StandardJ2555 ISSUEDNOV2000Issued 2000-11Vehicle Idle Gear Rattle Evaluation Proced
4、ureForewordIdle gear rattle is a disturbance which can exist with manual transmission equipped vehicles and whichcan occur when the vehicle is parked, the transmission is in neutral, the clutch is engaged, and the engine is atidle. The noise is a repetitive metallic tapping sound generated by the im
5、pacting of transmission gear teeth. Thisis caused by minute fluctuations in the engine flywheel rotational velocity. These fluctuations occur at the enginesfiring frequency and are due to torque variances caused by the compression stroke and power stroke of theinternal combustion engine. A number of
6、 variables can affect the severity of idle gear rattle. These variablesshould be noted when testing vehicles, and they can be investigated as a means for reducing the disturbance.See 3.7.TABLE OF CONTENTS1. Scope . 11.1 Purpose 11.2 Forward 12. References . 12.1 Applicable Documents 13. Procedure. 2
7、4. Notes 51. ScopeThis SAE Standard describes a procedure to be used to evaluate a disturbance known as “idle gearrattle” which can exist in vehicles equipped with manual transmissions and clutches. Other types of noisesassociated with operation at idle are also briefly described.1.1 PurposeThis SAE
8、 Standard defines a procedure, which can be used to obtain meaningful standardizedcomparisons of idle gear rattle among several vehicles. The procedure can be used in evaluating fieldcomplaints in current model vehicles or it can be used in the development of future models. The purpose is topromote
9、commonization of the procedure and results.COPYRIGHT Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.Licensed by Information Handling ServicesSAE J2555 Issued NOV2000-2-2. References2.1 Applicable PublicationsThe following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specifiedherein. Unless oth
10、erwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONSAvailable from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.SAE J373Housing Internal Dimensions for Single and Two Plate Spring Loaded Clutches SAE J617Engine Flywheel HousingsSAE J1463Pull Type Clutch
11、Transmission Installation DimensionsSAE J1479Automotive Pull Type Clutch TerminologySAE J1731Pilot Bearings for Truck and Bus ApplicationsSAE J1857Flywheel Dimensions for Truck and Bus ApplicationsSAE J2407Clutch Installation and Release Linkage Requirements for Truck and Bus Applications2.1.2 TMC P
12、UBLICATIONSAvailable from The Maintenance Council, American Trucking Associations, 2200 MillRoad, Alexandria, VA 22314TMC RP 633 (T)Effects of Drivetrain TorsionalsTMC RP 638 (T)Heavy Duty Clutch Maintenance GuidelinesTMC RP 639 (T)Specing Heavy Duty Clutches3. ProcedureThe procedure involves evalua
13、ting the vehicle in a standardized set of conditions using aprescribed subjective evaluation scale. Different evaluators may get different results. However, the procedurewill assist in determining the relative merit of different alternatives. This can be useful in determining vehiclebuild specificat
14、ions or defining needed developmental steps. The procedure may also be performed usingsound level measurements in place of the subjective evaluations.3.1 Evaluation ScaleMost vehicle manufacturers use a one to ten scale, however, ratings of 1, 2, 9, and 10 arerarely used. A rating of 8 is the practi
15、cal goal. The ratings are defined as follows:10 Excellent / no trace of disturbance 9 Excellent / slight trace of disturbance8 Good / fully acceptable to typical user7 Fair / disturbance evident at low sound level6 Acceptable / improvement desirable5 Unacceptable / at field complaint level4 Poor / s
16、trongly in need of improvement3 Not commercially acceptable2 Not commercially acceptable / greatly in need of improvement1 Not commercially acceptable / offensive3.2 Standard Vehicle ConditionsFollowing are the base conditions, which are used for every specificevaluation mode:a. Vehicle parked along
17、side a continuous wall (to reflect the sound back to the evaluator)b. Parking brake setc. Evaluator located in drivers seatd. Transmission in neutral, no shifting loads applied to levere. Ambient temperature notedf. Engine operating at a stabilized idle speed, speed notedg. Clutch pedal up, clutch e
18、ngagedCOPYRIGHT Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.Licensed by Information Handling ServicesSAE J2555 Issued NOV2000-3-3.3 Specific Evaluation ModesFollowing are the additional specific conditions under which evaluations aremade. The standard vehicle conditions of 3.2 are in effect for each of the
19、se evaluation modes:a. Transmission Operating TemperatureTransmission oil temperature monitored and evaluationperformed COLD (oil temperature = ambient temperature), INTERMEDIATE (oil temperaturestabilized at 37.8 to 43.3 C (100 F to 110 F) and HOT (maximum stabilized normal oil temperature)b. Engin
20、e Accessory LoadingUNLOADED (all accessories off) and LOADED (lights on, major electricalaccessories on, and air conditioning running)c. Power Steering LoadingSTEERING STRAIGHT and UNLOADED (no force applied to the rim of thesteering wheel) and STEERING TURNED and LOADED (steering turned to full loc
21、k position withenough turning effort applied to the steering wheel by the evaluator to cause the power steering pumpto labor)d. Vehicle Cab Side WindowsUP and DOWN3.4 Engine Idle Operation Related NoisesThe following types of noises can result from operating under thevehicle conditions and evaluatio
22、n modes previously described:a. Idle Gear RattleThis is a stabilized metallic knocking or tapping sound coming from the transmission.Disengaging and engaging the clutch can help focus on this sound, but care should be taken not toconfuse it with transmission rollover noise, See part c below.b. Clutc
23、h Release Linkage RattleLinkage rattle can also be confused with idle gear rattle. Linkagerattle is usually caused by joint looseness or incorrect clutch release yoke gap adjustment. It is oftencured through the installation of OEM provided kits that apply a light pre-load to the joint, through afre
24、sh application of grease to the joints, or by correcting the clutch release yoke gap. Clutch releaselinkage rattle can be isolated through a simple test. The clutch pedal is depressed with a load that isjust sufficient to eliminate clutch free pedal travel. Noises that are eliminated during the appl
25、ication ofthis light pedal load are usually linkage rattle. c. Transmission Rollover NoiseRollover noise is the basic whirring sound the transmission makeswhen the input shaft and countershafts are being driven by the engine. It is controlled by theparameters used in designing the transmission and i
26、s beyond the scope of this document.3.5 Evaluation NotesThe following additional considerations should be noted:a. The evaluator should focus on idle gear rattle or clutch release linkage rattle since these noises can beaffected through vehicle component modifications. Transmission rollover noise is
27、 best resolved by themanufacturer of the transmission.b. Evaluations can be done for a range of engine idle speeds (within 150 rpm of the nominal idle speed)to establish vehicle sensitivity to idle speed variation.c. Engine accessory loads usually include lights, air conditioning, air compressor, PT
28、Os, and electricalaccessories.d. Depending on the objectives of the evaluation, the number and type of specific evaluation modes maybe abbreviated.e. Overall best results often involve compromises. A complete evaluation of the various alternativedesigns can help identify the location and severity of
29、 those compromises.3.6 Scoring Evaluation ResultsThe overall rating per evaluation mode is the lowest rating of the mode. Theoverall rating of the installation is the lowest rating of the installation.COPYRIGHT Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.Licensed by Information Handling ServicesSAE J2555 I
30、ssued NOV2000-4-3.7 Key VariablesThe following key variables are known to have a great affect on the severity of idle gear rattleand they should be noted when recording data:a. Vehicle evaluatorb. Ambient temperaturec. Vehicle body/chassis/powertrain configurationd. Engine specifications (Power, Tor
31、que, Emissions Level, timing, etc.)e. Engine fuel qualityf. Engine idle speedg. Engine accessory loading condition (fully loaded, or unloaded)h. Clutch driven disc(s) damper torsional spring rate & hysteresis characteristicsi. Clutch adjustment state (the best indicator of this is the clutch release
32、 yoke gap)j. Clutch release linkage condition (new, worn, greased or not greased, and the presence of noisesuppression devices)k. Transmission specificationsl. Transmission Oil (Type, Weight and Manufacturer as well as testing temperature)m. Power Take-Off (PTO) specifications (Type as well as opera
33、ting conditions such as engaged or notengaged, and delivering power or not delivering power)n. Vehicle underbody sound absorption materialso. Vehicle steering load condition (straight ahead and unloaded or turned to lock and loaded)p. Cab windows up or down3.8 Sample Evaluation Data SheetA suggested
34、 format for the data sheet is shown in Figure 1.COPYRIGHT Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.Licensed by Information Handling ServicesSAE J2555 Issued NOV2000-5-FIGURE 1SAMPLE DATA SHEETPREPARED BY THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS CLUTCH SUBCOMMITTEE OF THESAE TRUCK AND BUS POWERTRAIN COMMITTEECOPYRIGHT Soci
35、ety of Automotive Engineers, Inc.Licensed by Information Handling ServicesSAE J2555 Issued NOV2000RationaleNot applicable.Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO StandardNot applicable.ApplicationThis SAE Standard describes a procedure to be used to evaluate a disturbance known as “idlegear rattle” whic
36、h can exist in vehicles equipped with manual transmissions and clutches. Other types ofnoises associated with operation at idle are also briefly described.Reference SectionSAE J373Housing Internal Dimensions for Single and Two Plate Spring Loaded Clutches SAE J617Engine Flywheel HousingsSAE J1463Pul
37、l Type ClutchTransmission Installation DimensionsSAE J1479Automotive Pull Type Clutch TerminologySAE J1731Pilot Bearings for Truck and Bus ApplicationsSAE J1857Flywheel Dimensions for Truck and Bus ApplicationsSAE J2407Clutch Installation and Release Linkage Requirements for Truck and Bus Applicatio
38、nsTMC RP 633 (T)Effects of Drivetrain TorsionalsTMC RP 638 (T)Heavy Duty Clutch Maintenance GuidelinesTMC RP 639 (T)Specing Heavy Duty ClutchesDeveloped by the SAE Truck and Bus Clutch SubcommitteeSponsored by the SAE Truck and Bus Powertrain CommitteeCOPYRIGHT Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.Licensed by Information Handling Services
