1、SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirelyvoluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefro
2、m, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.QUESTIONS REGARDING THIS DOCUMENT: (724) 772-8512 FAX: (724) 776-0243TO PLACE A DOCUMENT
3、 ORDER; (724) 776-4970 FAX: (724) 776-0790SAE WEB ADDRESS http:/www.sae.orgCopyright 1990 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.SURFACEVEHICLE400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001STANDARDSubmitted for recognition as an American National StandardJ747RE
4、V.MAY90Issued 1956-04Revised 1990-05Superseding J747 MAR86(R) CONTROL VALVE TEST PROCEDUREForewordThis Document has also changed to comply with the new SAE Technical Standards Board format.In the selection and application of hydraulic directional control valves, it is necessary to know their operati
5、ngcharacteristics. This SAE Recommended Practice provides the test and reporting procedure to obtain flow versuspressure drop, leakage rate, operating effort, metering pressure or flow versus spool travel and relief valvecharacteristics at fluid temperatures of 50 C (122 F) and 90 C (194 F).TABLE OF
6、 CONTENTS1. Scope . 21.1 Purpose 22. References . 22.1 Applicable Publications. 23. Definitions. 34. Graphic Symbols 35. Units . 36. Summary of Designated Information 37. General Procedure . 48. The Condition Accuracy of Units 49. Pressure Drop 410. Leakage Rate . 511. Operating Effort 512. Metering
7、 Characteristics. 713. Relief Valve Characteristics 7Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J747 Revised MAY90-2-14. Data Presentation .815. Standardized Values .816. Identification Statem
8、ent 8FIGURE 1 Directional Control Valve Descriptive Data . 9FIGURE 2 Operating Effort 10FIGURE 3 Metering Characteristics .11FIGURE 4 Leakage, Flow Curve, and Response.12FIGURE 5 Test Stand Circuits13FIGURE 6 Operating Effort 141. ScopeThis SAE Standard applies to hydraulic directional control valve
9、s as applied to self-propelled workmachines referenced in SAE J1116. It describes a laboratory test procedure for evaluating:a. Flow versus pressure dropb. Leakage ratec. Operating effortd. Metering characteristics versus spool travel, pilot pressure, or electrical currente. Relief valve characteris
10、ticsThe document applies to single and multiple section hydraulic directional control valves.This document illustrates axial, manually operated valves although the test procedure is applicable to otherinput forms such as rotary actuation, electric current, hydraulic or pneumatic pressure.NOTEPerform
11、ance characteristics such as metering hysteresis or dynamic response may have asignificant effect on some of these tests.1.1 PurposeTo provide a uniform procedure for measuring and reporting the operating characteristics of ahydraulic directional control valve and associated relief valve when so equ
12、ipped.2. References2.1 Applicable PublicationsThe following publications form a part of the specification to the extent specifiedherein. Unless otherwise indicated the latest revision of SAE publications shall apply.2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATIONSAvailable from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 150
13、96-0001.SAE J916Rules for SAE Use of SI (Metric) UnitsSAE J1116Categories of Off-Road self-Propelled Work MachinesSAE J1117Method of Measuring and Reporting the Pressure Differential-Flow Characteristics of aHydraulic Fluid Power ValveSAE J1165Reporting Cleanliness Levels of Hydraulic FluidsSAE J123
14、5Measuring and Reporting the Internal Leakage of a Hydraulic Fluid Power ValveSAE J1276Standardized Fluid for Hydraulic Component Tests2.1.2 ANSI PUBLICATIONSAvailable from ANSI, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002.ANSI B.93.2-1971American National Standard Glossary of TermsANSI Y14.17-1966
15、American National Standard F.P. DiagramsCopyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J747 Revised MAY90-3-2.1.3 ISO PUBLICATIONAvailable from ANSI, 11 West 42nd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002.I
16、SO R 1219-1970Int. Std. Graph. Symbols3. DefinitionsFor definitions of terms not herein defined, see ANSI B.93.2-1971.3.1 Designated Flow and Designated PressureRefers to the rated flow and pressure of the valve, or a flowand pressure agreed upon between user and supplier.3.2 Designated Load Interfe
17、rence PressureRefers to a pump output pressure that may be considerably higherthan the working port pressure thus requiring throttling across the metering element, the higher pump outputpressure being due to another actuated spool or due to high pressure at the power beyond port.3.3 Pressure DropDif
18、ference in pressure between two connected ports of control valve circuit as a result of flow.3.4 Port IdentificationWork port “A“ is the port nearest the spool end which attaches to the control linkage.Work port “B“ is opposite. In lieu of the above, submit a sketch of all ports. The No. 1 circuit i
19、s the valvesection located nearest the valve inlet port.3.5 Leakage RateVolume of oil per unit time that passes through a valve circuit that is blocked.3.6 Operating EffortMaximum effort necessary to shift the spool from its hold or neutral position to its shiftedposition and the effort exerted by t
20、he spool or required to move the spool from each shifted position back toneutral.3.7 Metering CharacteristicsPressure or flow versus spool position (or other control input such as pilotpressure or electrical current).3.8 Main ReliefAn inlet flow relief valve incorporated in the valve unit.4. Graphic
21、 SymbolsGraphic symbols used herein are in accordance with ISO R 1219-1970 and ANSI Y14.17-1966. Where ISO R 1219-1970 and ANSI Y14.17-1966 are not in agreement, ISO R 1219-1970 governs.5. Units5.1 The International System of Units (SI) is used herein in accordance with SAE J916.5.2 Approximate conv
22、ersion to “customary U.S.“ units appear in parenthesis after SI units.5.3 Letter SymbolsSee Section 8.6. Summary of Designated Information6.1 Specify the following on all requests for this test: (example in Figure 1)6.1.1 A full description of the valve, including all functions and features.6.1.2 Th
23、e type of fluid (specify if different than 15.1).6.1.3 The fluid temperature (specify if different than the standardized values in 15.2).6.1.4 The fluid cleanliness level (specify if different than 15.3).6.1.5 The “designated flow“ and “designated pressure.“Copyright SAE International Provided by IH
24、S under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J747 Revised MAY90-4-6.1.6 The port size and identification (See 3.4 and Figure 1).6.1.7 The control input range. (stroke, pressure, current, etc.)7. General Procedure7.1 Conduct the test for
25、 entire control input range.7.2 When referring to this specification for catalog information and sales literature, use only standardized valuesshown in Section 15.7.3 Test and report of subplate mounted valves may run with the subplate included. Reports shall explicitlyindicate how such valves were
26、tested.7.4 To minimize variables, the valve temperature shall be stabilized within 3 C (5 F) of the temperature of the fluidand actuate the valve spool or relief at least twice before taking respective data. For close coordinationbetween testing laboratories, similar equipment, fluid and procedures
27、are recommended.8. The Condition Accuracy of UnitsMaintain the test condition accuracy within the limits shown in Table 1:8.1 Precautions shall be taken to obtain readings unaffected by turbulence and velocity.8.2 Back pressure shall be 700 kPa (100 psi) maximum except by special agreement between u
28、ser andmanufacturer.9. Pressure DropThe test should be conducted in accordance to SAE J1117.9.1 Open Center Pressure Drop (Inlet to Tank Port)With control valve in the neutral position, vary the flow tothe inlet port from zero to designated flow. Test and record the pressure differential per SAE J11
29、17.9.2 Work Port Pressure Drop9.2.1 INLET TO WORK PORTShift the control valve to direct flow from the inlet port to work port “A“. Vary the inputflow from zero to designated flow. Test and record the pressure differential per SAE J1117. Repeat for workport “B“. (See Figure 5.1)TABLE 1Test ConditionM
30、aintainWithin SI Unit US UnitFlow 2% L/min gpmPressure 2% kPa psiPressure Differential 2% kPa psiTemperature 3C (5F) C FForce 2% N 1bfTorque 2% N.m lbf.inSpool Position (or Control Input) (1)1. Other control inputs - use appropriate units2% mm inTime 2% min or s min or sPercentages are of maximum re
31、ading.Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J747 Revised MAY90-5-9.2.2 WORK PORT TO TANK PORTShift the control valve to direct flow from work port “B“ to the tank port. Vary theinput flow
32、 from zero to twice the designated flow. Test and record the pressure differential per SAE J1117.Repeat for work port “A“. (See Figure 5.4)9.3 Special Function Pressure DropValves having a float, regenerative, etc. position shall not require test forpressure differential in this position, except by
33、agreement between user and manufacturer.10. Leakage RateThe test should be conducted and data recorded in accordance to SAE J1235.10.1 Work Port LeakageThe test shall be applicable to valves in which the work ports are blocked when the valveis in hold position. The leakage rate is to be measured ind
34、ividually with 75% designated pressure to the workport and all other ports open to low pressure while the valve is in the hold position.If a circuit overload relief is incorporated, test at this time in accordance with Section 13.10.2 Inlet to Work Port LeakageThe test shall be applicable to closed
35、center valves or valves in which the inlet ispressurized by a load such as another spool or power-beyond. The leakage rate is to be measured individuallywith designated pressure to the inlet port and all other ports open to low pressure except as required to provideapplied pressure while the valve i
36、s in the neutral position.10.3 Inlet to Outlet LeakageThe test shall be applicable to closed center valves. It may also be applied to opencenter valves in the shifted and blocked condition, however, should be noted as such. The leakage rate is to bemeasured with designated pressure to the inlet port
37、 and all other ports open to low pressure except as requiredto provide the applied pressure. Valve is to be in the neutral position except as noted for open center valves.If a main relief is incorporated, test at this time in accordance with Section 13.10.4 Work Port Load Holding Check LeakageThe te
38、st shall be applicable to valves incorporating this feature toprevent reverse flow when the valve is in the shifted position. The leakage rate is to be measured individuallywith 75% of designated pressure to the work port and all other ports open to low pressure while the valve is inthe shifted posi
39、tion.If a circuit overload relief is incorporated, its effect must be considered (see Section 13).11. Operating Effort11.1 Test Requirement11.1.1 This test is for manually operated valves with direct connection of operating lever to actuated spool.11.1.2 Valves requiring pilot pressure and/or electr
40、ical current for spool actuation are exempt from this test.11.1.3 Refer to Figure 5. For load sense valves, use appropriate load sense pump. Valve to be installed on base atmanufacturers recommended mounting bolt torque.11.1.4 Actuate the spool at a rate of 1.25 to 2.5 mm/s (0.05 to 0.10 in/s).11.2
41、Recorded Data11.2.1 On valve description form, see Figure 1, record:a. Type of actuation (describe adequately, such as axial or rotary, etc.)b. Lever type used for test (manufacturers or special fabrication).Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduct
42、ion or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J747 Revised MAY90-6-11.2.2 On operating effort form,see Figure 2:a. Record force or torque measurements.b. Check appropriate box on data sheet (operating effort units).c. If lever operation, record lever lengths.d. Data may be extracted fro
43、m X-Y plots or X-Y plots substituted for the chart with appropriate informationincluded. (Specify if positive force is required to return to neutral position.) (See Figure 6.)11.3 No Load Condition (No Flow)11.3.1 The valve must be actuated (three times) in both directions with oil flowing through v
44、alve to wet all surfaces.11.3.2 Remove flow from valve for test.11.3.3 Measure and record:a. Maximum axial force or torque necessary to shift from its neutral position to each shifted position.b. Minimum axial force or torque required to move control from each fully shifted position back to neutral.
45、11.4 Looped Work Port Condition11.4.1 Work ports looped with an adjustable relief valve in loop. (See Figure 5.5)11.4.2 Apply designated flow to inlet port. Shift valve control to direct flow to either work port. Adjust relief valve toobtain designated pressure at inlet port.11.4.3 MEASURE AND RECOR
46、Da. Maximum axial force or torque necessary to shift control from its neutral position to each shiftedposition.b. Minimum axial force or torque necessary to move control from each fully shifted position back toneutral.11.5 Designated Load Interference Pressure11.5.1 Work ports to tank. (See Figure 5
47、.1)11.5.2 Apply designated flow at designated pressure to inlet port. Block bypass flow with another spool or powerbeyond and set main relief valve at designated load interference pressure.11.5.3 MEASURE AND RECORDa. Maximum axial force or torque necessary to shift control from its neutral position
48、to each shiftedposition.b. Minimum axial force or torque necessary to move control from each fully shifted position back toneutral.11.6 Loaded Work Port Condition11.6.1 Remove work port loop. Block inlet port.11.6.2 Apply designated flow at designated pressure to each work port in turn. Plug opposit
49、e unused work port.(See Figure 5.4)Copyright SAE International Provided by IHS under license with SAENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-SAE J747 Revised MAY90-7-11.6.3 MEASURE AND RECORDa. Maximum axial force or torque necessary to shift control from its neutral position to each shiftedposition.b. Minimum axial force or torque necessary to move control from each fully shifted position bac
