1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2012 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this pub
3、lication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970
4、(outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J1992_201204SURFACEVEHICLERECOMMENDEDPRACTICEJ1992 APR2012 Issued 1993-11Revised 201
5、2-04 Superseding J1992 MAR2001 Wheels/Rims - Military Vehicles - Test Procedures and Performance Requirements RATIONALEThis SAE Recommended Practice provides minimum performance requirements and uniform laboratory procedures for fatigue testing of disc wheels, demountable rims, and bolt-together div
6、ided wheels intended for normal highway use on military vehicles. During the five-year review, it was found that changes were required to: (1) SAE, ISO, and T&RA publications, (2) Table 1 ferrous loads and cycles, (3) Table 2 ferrous loads and cycles, (4) modifying Table A1 to create Table A2, and (
7、5) modifying Table B with addition of T&RA EDI note. All other changes were for general formatting. 1. SCOPE This SAE Recommended Practice provides minimum performance requirements and uniform laboratory procedures for fatigue testing of disc wheels, demountable rims, and bolt-together divided wheel
8、s intended for normal highway use on military trucks, buses, truck-trailers, and multipurpose vehicles. For wheels and rims intended for normal highway use on trucks and buses, see SAE J267. For wheels intended for normal highway use on passenger cars, light trucks, and multipurpose vehicles, see SA
9、E J328. For wheels used on trailers drawn by passenger cars, light trucks, or multipurpose vehicles, see SAE J1204. This document does not cover off-highway or other special application wheels and rims. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Publications The following publications form a part of this specific
10、ation to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www
11、.sae.org.SAE J267 Wheels/Rims - Performance Requirements and Test Procedures - Truck and Bus SAE J328 Wheels - Passenger Car and Light Truck Performance Requirements and Test Procedures SAE J393 Nomenclature - Wheels, Hubs, and Rims for Commercial Vehicles SAE J694 Disc Wheel/Hub or Drum Interface D
12、imensions - Truck and Bus SAE J1992 Revised APR2012 Page 2 of 10 SAE J1204 Wheels - Recreational and Utility Trailer Test Procedure SAE J1982 Nomenclature - Wheels for Passenger Cars, Light Trucks, and Multipurpose Vehicles 2.1.2 Tire and Rim Association Publication Available from The Tire and Rim A
13、ssociation, 175 Montrose West Avenue, Suite 150, Copley, OH 44321, Tel: 330-666-8121, www.us-tra.org.Yearbook and Engineering Design Information Book (EDI), The Tire and Rim Association, Inc. 2.2 Related Publications The following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a
14、 required part of this SAE Technical Report.2.2.1 International Organization for Standardization (ISO) Publications Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.ansi.org.ISO 3006 Road Vehicles - Passenger Car Wheels for Ro
15、ad Use - Test Methods ISO 3894 Road Vehicles - Wheels/Rims for Commercial Vehicles - Test Methods ISO 3911 Wheels and Rims for Pneumatic Tyres - Vocabulary, Designation and Marking2.2.2 Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Publication Available from the Superintendent of Documents, U
16、.S. Government Printing Office, Mail Stop: SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-9320. OSHA Standard 29 CFR Part 1910.177 Servicing Multi-Piece and Single-Piece Rim Wheels 3. DEFINITIONS 3.1 BOLT-TOGETHER DIVIDED WHEEL A wheel that has a removable wheel portion which is attached to the fixed wheel portion by w
17、heel clamp bolts and nuts (Figure 1). 3.2 FIXED WHEEL PORTION The portion of a bolt-together divided wheel that fastens to the vehicle axle hub flange. 3.3 LUG NUT/BOLT Hardware designed for securing the wheel to the vehicle. 3.4 REMOVABLE WHEEL PORTION The portion of a bolt-together divided wheel w
18、hich can be removed from the fixed wheel portion in order to service the tire.SAE J1992 Revised APR2012 Page 3 of 10 3.5 WHEEL CLAMP BOLT An externally threaded fastener which when used with wheel clamp nuts serves to secure the removable wheel portion to the fixed wheel portion of a bolt-together d
19、ivided wheel. 3.6 WHEEL CLAMP NUT An internally threaded fastener which when used with wheel clamp bolts serves to secure the removable wheel portion to the fixed wheel portion of a bolt-together divided wheel.WHEELCLAMP NUTWHEELCLAMP BOLTSEALING DEVICEREMOVABLE WHEEL PORTION(OUTER RIM ASSEMBLY)BEAD
20、 SEATAREAFLANGEHEIGHTFIXED WHEEL PORTION(INNER RIM ASSEMBLY)FIGURE 1 - EXAMPLE OF A BOLT-TOGETHER DIVIDED WHEEL 4. DYNAMIC CORNERING FATIGUE The test wheels, when subject to the following test procedures, shall meet the minimum performance requirement specified in Table 1. TABLE 1 - CORNERING FATIGU
21、E TEST - TEST LOAD FACTORS AND CYCLE REQUIREMENTS Wheel Description Performance Requirements Material Rim Diameter Code Inset/Outset mmInset/Outset inAccelerated Test Factor MinimumCycle Life Ferrous 13, 14, 15 Less than 101.6 Less than 4 1.60 18 000 Ferrous 16 and larger(1)All All 1.10 1.301.4560 0
22、00 40 000 30 000 Aluminum 16 127 or more 5 or more 1.35 1.63250 000 80 000 Aluminum 17.5 and larger(1)All All 1.35 250 000 1. Exclude 17.5 and larger with rim width of 266.7 mm (10.50 in) and wider (wide base tire wheels). SAE J1992 Revised APR2012 Page 4 of 10 4.1 Equipment Use a test machine that:
23、 a. Imparts a constant rotating bending moment to the wheel. See Figure 2A or Figure 2B. The test load may be applied to the shaft either above or below the rotating table for both single-piece and bolt-together divided wheels. b. Maintains the test load within 3%. c. Monitors and measures the defle
24、ction of the system. d. Has a rigid load arm shaft. FIGURE 2A - CORNERING FATIGUE TEST FOR DISC WHEELS (TYPICAL SETUP) SAE J1992 Revised APR2012 Page 5 of 10 FIGURE 2B - CORNERING FATIGUE TEST FOR BOLT-TOGETHER DIVIDED WHEELS (TYPICAL SETUP) 4.2 Procedure a. Use a test adapter and lug nuts/bolts tha
25、t are representative of those specified for the wheel. b. Verify the mating surfaces of the adapter are free of foreign material or excessive wear. c. Attach the wheel to the load arm shaft and test adapter. d. Tighten the lug nuts/bolts to the torque specified in Appendix A for the thread size and
26、type of nut. Torque shall be checked and reset periodically during the course of a test in order to compensate for the “wearing in” of mating surfaces.e. Clamp the rim securely to the test device. f. Adjust the system so that shaft runout is not more than 0.25 mm (0.010 in) total indicator reading a
27、t the point of loading.SAE J1992 Revised APR2012 Page 6 of 10 4.3 Test Loading a. Test Load and Bending Moment Determination - The test load is determined by Equation 1: )B2orA2Figuresee(armMomentMLoadTest = (Eq. 1) M is determined by Equation 2: )S(d)slr()L(M += (Eq. 2) where: M = Bending moment, N
28、-m (lbf-in) = Coefficient of friction developed between tire and road, use 0.7 for slr = Largest static loaded radius of the tires to be used on the wheel as found in Appendix B or calculated from the current Tire and Rim Association Inc. Engineering Design Information (EDI), mm x 103(in) d = Inset
29、or outset, mm x 103(in) (positive for inset, negative for outset) of the wheel. If the wheel may be used as inset or outset, use inset. See SAE J393. S = Accelerated test factor. See Table 1. L = Load rating of the wheel as specified by the wheel manufacturer, N (lbf) b. For minimum cycle life, see
30、Table 1. c. Apply the test load parallel to a plane through the center of the rim as shown in Figure 2A or 2B. Load may push against shaft or pull the shaft. 4.4 Test Wheels Use only new, fully processed wheels, which are representative of wheels intended for the vehicle and ready for road use. New
31、wheels and new related components will be used for each test. All tests for bolt-together divided wheels must be run using a complete assembly with the wheel clamp bolts and nuts torqued per manufacturers recommendation. Use of sealing device is optional. 4.5 Test Criteria/Test Termination The wheel
32、 under test must complete the minimum number of test cycles prior to test termination. The test shall be terminated by: the inability of the wheel to sustain load, and/or a visually detected fatigue crack penetrating through a section, and/or a broken wheel clamp bolt separated from the wheel assemb
33、ly. Broken studs or other parts of the test fixture do not require test termination but may result in damage to the wheel and test invalidation. 5. DYNAMIC RADIAL FATIGUE TEST The test wheels/rims, when subject to the following test procedures, shall meet the minimum performance requirement specifie
34、d in Table 2. 5.1 Equipment Use a test machine that: a. Has a driven rotatable drum which presents a smooth surface wider than the loaded test tire section width. b. Has a suggested drum diameter of 1707.06 mm (67.23 in), giving 187.5 revolutions per kilometer (300 revolutions per mile)SAE J1992 Rev
35、ised APR2012 Page 7 of 10 c. Imparts a constant load to the wheel/rim. This load must be perpendicular to the surface of the drum and in line radially with the center of the test wheel/rim and the center of the drum. d. Can maintain the test load and inflation within 3%. e. Holds the axis of the tes
36、t wheel/rim and the drum parallel. TABLE 2 - RADIAL FATIGUE TEST - TEST LOAD FACTORS AND CYCLE REQUIREMENTS Wheel/Rim Description Performance Requirements Material Rim Diameter Code Inset/Outset(1)mmInset/Outset(1)inAccelerated Test Factor MinimumCycle Life Ferrous 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 5 Drop Center A
37、ll All 2.2 1.8500 000 1 000 000 Ferrous 15, 20, 22, 24 5 Flat Base 17.5HC, 19.5, 22.5, 24.5 15 Drop Center All All 2.0 1.91.81.71.61.41.3500 000 600 000 700 000 850 000 1 000 000 1 450 000 1 800 000 Aluminum 16 127 or more 5 or more 2.8 2.0100 000 1 000 000 Aluminum 17.5 and largerAll All 2.8 2.0100
38、 000 1 000 000 1. Offset for demountable rims. 5.2 Procedure a. Select test tires that are representative of the maximum size and type to be used on the wheel/rim. Buffing tires is permissible.b. Use a test adapter and lug nuts/bolts (and clamps for demountable rims) that are representative of those
39、 specified for the wheel/rim. c. Mount and inflate the tire to 448 kPa 14 kPa (65 psi 2 psi) for tires with usage pressure of 310 kPa (45 psi) or less. For wheels and tires intended for use at higher pressures, use 1.2 times the usage pressure, but not less than 448 kPa 14 kPa (65 psi 2 psi). d. Tig
40、hten the lug nuts/bolts to the torque specified in Appendix A for the thread size and type of nut. Torque shall be checked and reset periodically during the course of a test in order to compensate for the “wearing in” of mating surfaces.e. There may be an increase in inflation pressure during the te
41、st. Since this is normal, it is permissible to adjust the inflation pressure back to the test pressure. SAE J1992 Revised APR2012 Page 8 of 10 5.3 Radial Test Loading a. Radial Load Determination - The radial load is determined as follows in Equation 3: L)S(R = (Eq. 3) where: R = Radial load, N (lbf
42、) S = Accelerated test factor. See Table 2. L = Load rating of the wheel/rim as specified by the wheel/rim manufacturer, N (lbf) b. For minimum cycle life, see Table 2. 5.4 Test Wheels/Rims Use only new, fully processed wheels/rims which are representative of wheels/rims intended for the vehicle and
43、 ready for road use. New wheels/rims and new related components will be used for each test. All tests for bolt-together divided wheels must be run using a complete assembly with the wheel clamp bolts and nuts torqued per manufacturers recommendation.5.5 Test Criteria/Test Termination The wheel/rim u
44、nder test must complete the minimum number of test cycles prior to test termination. The test shall be terminated by: the inability of the wheel/rim to sustain load, and/or a visually detected fatigue crack penetrating through a section, and/or a broken wheel clamp bolt separated from the wheel asse
45、mbly. Failure of the test tire, broken studs or other parts of the test fixture do not require test termination but may result in damage to the wheel/rim and test invalidation.6. NOTES 6.1 Marginal Indicia A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating are
46、as where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in
47、documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY THE SAE TRUCK AND BUS WHEEL COMMITTEE OF THE TRUCK AND BUS BRAKE AND STABILITY CONTROL STEERING COMMITTEE SAE J1992 Revised APR2012 Page 9 of 10 APPENDIX A TABLE A1 - TEST TORQUES FOR LUG NUTS/BOLTS Application(1)Thread Size Torque (dry)(2)+
48、10% -0% NmTorque (dry)(2)+10% -0% lbf-ftDisc Wheels Light Truck 60 degree Cone Nuts M12 x 1.5 7/16-201/2-209/16-185/8-18110 110 110 170 170 80 80 80 125125Hub Piloted Mounting 1-Piece Nut 9/16-1811/16-16160 410 120300Hub Piloted Mounting with Clamp Plate and 90 degree Cone Nuts M14 x 1.5 9/16-185/8-
49、18150 150 180 110110130Ball Seat Mounting 3/4-16 1-1/8-16610 610 450450Heavy-Duty Ball Seat Mounting 15/16-121-5/16-1210201020750750Demountable Rims Studs and Nuts 5/8-113/4-10220 270 160200TABLE A2 - TEST TORQUES FOR LUG NUTS/BOLTS Application(1)Thread Size Torque (oiled)(4)+10% -0% NmTorque (oiled)(4)+10% -0% lbf-ftHub Piloted Mounting 2-Piece Nut 9/16-185/8-183/4-167/8-14(3)7/8-14M14 x 1.5 M18 x 1.5 M20 x 1.5 M22 x
