1、_ 6$(7HFKQLFDO6WDQGDUGV%RDUG5XOHVSURYLGHWKDW7KLVUHSRUWLVSXEOLVKHGE6$(WRDGYDQFHWKHVWDWHRIWHFKQLFDODQGHQJLneering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising tKHUHIURPLVWKHVROHUHVSRQVLEL
2、OLWRIWKHXVHU SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2013 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stor
3、ed in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790
4、Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J1985_201310 SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J1985 OCT2013 Issued 1993-10 Revised 2013-10 Superseding J1985 AUG2006 Fuel F
5、ilter - Initial Single-Pass Efficiency Test Method RATIONALE As part of the 5 year review process parts of this document pertaining to bottle counting were removed. The rationale behind these revisions is to bring the document up to current technology that is used to characterize particle removing e
6、fficiencies in fuel filters. Online particle counting systems have proven to provide more reliable data than previously used off-line bottle counting systems. Other revisions to the document include corrected counts for test system validation and improved validation procedures for the injection and
7、test systems. A more detailed test report sheet has also been added. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE 2 2. REFERENCES 2 3. TEST MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENT . 3 4. TEST CONDITION ACCURACY 6 5. VALIDATION OF CONTAMINANT INJECTION SYSTEM . 6 6. VALIDATION OF TEST CIRCUIT . 6 7. PRELIMINARY PREPARATION . 7 8. CONT
8、AMINANT INJECTION SYSTEM 7 9. FILTER TEST SYSTEM 8 10. SINGLE-PASS FILTER EFFICIENCY TEST 8 11. DATA ACCURACY . 9 12. DATA ANALYSIS 9 SAE INTERNATIONAL J1985 Revised OCT2013 Page 2 of 13 13. DATA PRESENTATION 11 14. CRITERIA FOR ACCEPTANCE . 11 15. CALCULATIONS . 11 16. NOTES 13 FIGURE 1 FILTER PERF
9、ORMANCE TEST CIRCUIT . 4 FIGURE 2A FUEL FILTER ELEMENT SINGLE-PASS TEST REPORT SHEET . 12 FIGURE 2B FUEL FILTER ELEMENT SINGLE-PASS TEST REPORT SHEET, CONCLUDED 13 FIGURE 2 FUEL FILTER SINGLE-PASS EFFICIENCY PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS (PARTICLE PER MILLILITER) . 13 TABLE 1 EQUIPMENT ACCURACY LIM
10、ITS . 6 TABLE 2 VALIDATION COUNTS. 7 TABLE 3 DATA ACCURACY LIMITS . 9 1. SCOPE This SAE Standard is intended for all sizes of fuel filters, so a variety of test stands may be required depending upon flow rate. The low contamination level, downstream clean-up filter, and short duration of the test, e
11、nsures that the particle retention ability of the filter is measured in a single pass as no appreciable loading or regression will occur. 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this test code is to provide a method to determine the ability of a fuel filter to retain a given size of particle in a single pass. 2.
12、 REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publication Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale,
13、PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J1696 Standard Fuel Filter Test Fluid 2.1.2 ASTM Publication Available from ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm
14、.org ASTM D 4308 Test method for Electrical Conductivity of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Precision Meter SAE INTERNATIONAL J1985 Revised OCT2013 Page 3 of 13 2.1.3 ISO Publications Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, NY 10036-8002, Tel: 212-642-4900, www.an
15、si.org. ISO 2942 Hydraulic fluid power - Filter elements verification of fabrication integrity and determination of the first bubble point ISO 3968 Hydraulic fluid power - Filters evaluation of differential pressure versus flow characteristics ISO 4405 Hydraulic fluid power - Fluid contamination - D
16、etermination of particulate contamination by the gravimetric method ISO 4021 Hydraulic fluid power - Particulate contaminant analysis - Extraction of fluid samples from lines of an operating system ISO 11171 Hydraulic fluid power - Calibration of automatic particle counters for liquids ISO 11943 Hyd
17、raulic fluid power - On-line automatic particle counting systems for liquids - Methods of calibration and validation ISO 12103-1 Road Vehicles - Test dust for filter evaluation - Part 1: Arizona test dust 3. TEST MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENT 3.1 Test Fluid Use test fluid conforming to SAE J1696 at 40 C 5
18、C. 3.2 Test Contaminant Use ISO 12103-1, A2 Fine test dust. 3.3 Filter Performance Test Circuit 8VHDILOWHUSHUIRUPDQFHWHVWFLUFXLWFRPSULVHGRIDILOWHUWHVWVVWHPDQGDFRQWDPLQDQWLQMHFWLRQVVWHPDVVKRZQLQFigure 1. SAE INTERNATIONAL J1985 Revised OCT2013 Page 4 of 13 FIGURE 1 - FILTER PERFORMANCE TEST CIRCUIT 3
19、.4 Filter Test System 3.4.1 Reservoir A reservoir constructed with a conical bottom having an included angle of not more than 90 degrees and where the fluid is diffused below the surface. NOTE: This reservoir design avoids a horizontal bottom and minimizes contaminant settling while the subsurface d
20、iffusion reduces the entering of air and gives good mixing capabilities. 3.4.2 Pump The pump(s) should be insensitive to the contaminant. WARNING: Pumps exhibiting excessive flow pulses causes erroneous results. 3.4.3 System Clean-up Filters The system clean-up filters necessary to obtain initLDOVVW
21、HPFOHDQOLQHVVOHYHORIOHVVWKDQSDUWLFOHP/P F RUsmallest size of interest if less than 5 m. 3.4.4 Instrumentation Pressure gauges, temperature indicator and flow meters in locations as shown in Figure 1. 3.4.5 Pressure Taps Pressure taps in accordance with ISO 3968. 3.4.6 Sampling Upstream and downstrea
22、m sampling means in accordance with ISO 4021. SAE INTERNATIONAL J1985 Revised OCT2013 Page 5 of 13 3.4.7 Interconnecting lines Interconnecting lines which ensure turbulent mixing conditions exist throughout the filter test system and avoids silting areas and contaminant traps. 3.4.8 Particle Counter
23、 Use automatic particle counter calibrated per ISO 11171. 3.4.9 On-Line Counting System The on-line counting system shall be in accordance with ISO 11943 3.5 Contaminant Injection System 3.5.1 Reservoir A reservoir constructed with a conical bottom having an included angle of not more than 90 degree
24、s and where the fluid is diffused below the surface. NOTE: This reservoir design avoids a horizontal bottom and minimizes contaminant settling while the subsurface diffusion reduces the entering of air and gives good mixing capabilities. 3.5.2 Pump Use a hydraulic pump (centrifugal or other type) wh
25、ich does not alter the contaminant particle size distribution. 3.5.3 System Clean-up Filters A system clean-up filter capable of providing an initial system contamiQDWLRQOHYHOOHVVWKDQSDUWLFOHVP/P F DQGa gravimetric level less than 2% of the calculated level at which the test is being conducted. 3.5.
26、4 Instrumentation Flow meter in location as shown in Figure 1. 3.5.5 Pressure taps Pressure taps shall be in accordance with ISO 3968. 3.5.6 Sampling A sampling means for the extraction of a small flow (injection flow) from a point in the contaminant injection system where active circulation of flui
27、d exists. Sample per ISO 4021. 3.5.7 Interconnecting lines Interconnecting lines which ensure turbulent mixing conditions exist throughout the filter test system and avoids silting areas and contaminant traps. NOTE: Alternate contaminant injection system may be used provided that injection system me
28、ets validation requirements. SAE INTERNATIONAL J1985 Revised OCT2013 Page 6 of 13 4. TEST CONDITION ACCURACY Set up and maintain equipment accuracy within limits given in Table 1. TABLE 1 - EQUIPMENT ACCURACY LIMITS Test Conditions Unit Maintain Within of True Value Flow L/min 2% Pressure kPa 2% Tem
29、perature C 5 C Volume L 2% 5. VALIDATION OF CONTAMINANT INJECTION SYSTEM 5.1 Validate at the maximum gravimetric level, the maximum injection circuit volume, minimum injection flow rate and for the length of time required to deplete the usable volume. 5.2 Add the required quantity of contaminant in
30、slurry form to the injection fluid and circulate for a minimum of 15 min. Initiate injection flow from the contaminant injection system, collecting this flow external to the system 5.3 Obtain an initial sample at this point and measure the injection flow rate. 5.4 Maintain the injection flow rate wi
31、thin 5% of the desired injection flow rate. 5.5 Obtain samples of the injection flow and measure the injection flow rate at 30 min, 60 min, 90 min and 120 minutes or at a minimum of four equivalent intervals depending on the systems depletion rates. 5.6 Analyze the gravimetric level of each sample o
32、btained in 5.5 in accordance with ISO 4405. 5.7 Measure the volume of fluid remaining in the injection system at the end of the validation test. This is the minimum validation volume, Vv. 5.8 Accept the validation only if: 5.8.1 The gravimetric level of each sample obtained in 5.6 is within 10% of t
33、he gravimetric level determined in 5.1 and the variation between the samples does not exceed 5% of the mean. 5.8.2 The injection flow rate at each sample point is within 5% of the selected validation flow rate (see 5.1) and the variation between sample flow rates does not exceed 5% of the average. 5
34、.8.3 The volume of fluid remaining in the injection system, Vv (see 5.7), plus the quantity (average injection flow rate, see 5.8.2, time the total injection time) is within 10% of the initial volume (see 5.1) 6. VALIDATION OF TEST CIRCUIT NOTE: These validation procedures reveal the effectiveness o
35、f the filter performance test circuit in maintaining contamination entrainment and/or preventing contaminant size modification. 6.1 Validate at the minimum flow that the filter test system will be operated. NOTE: Use straight pipe in place of filter during the validation. 6.2 Conduct a simulated fil
36、ter test per clauses 8, 9 and 10 except no filter test element is to be installed SAE INTERNATIONAL J1985 Revised OCT2013 Page 7 of 13 6.3 Accept the validation only if: 6.3.1 Particle counts obtained in clause 10.9 for a given size do not deviate by more than 10% from the average particle counts fo
37、r that size or larger. 6.3.2 The average for all particle counts per mL at all the particle sizes to be validated are within the limits shown in Table 2. TABLE 2 - VALIDATION COUNTS Particle Size m(c) Acceptance range of particle counts/ml greater than indicated particle size for 5 mg/L ISO Fine Tes
38、t Dust Minimum Maximum 4 14,700 18,7005 8,140 10,400 7 2,310 2,96010 567 736 15 153 20820 63 91 25 25 41NOTE: The range of particle sizes used for validation should cover the range of particle sizes to be used for subsequent filter element testing 7. PRELIMINARY PREPARATION 7.1 Test Filter Assembly
39、7.1.1 Ensure that the test fluid cannot bypass the filter element to be evaluated. 7.1.2 Subject the test filter to a fabrication integrity test in accordance with ISO 2942 using SAE J1696 fluid prior to the single-pass test or following the test if the element is not readily accessible as in a spin
40、-on configuration. 7.1.3 Disqualify the element from further testing if it fails to meet the designated fabrication integrity value. 8. CONTAMINANT INJECTION SYSTEM 8.1 To calculate the minimum volume required for operation of the contaminant injection system (V, liters) which is compatible with a v
41、alue for the injection flow (0.5 L/min), use Equation 1: (Eq. 1) NOTE: The volume calculated in Equation 1 will ensure a sufficient quantity of contaminated fluid for the test. NOTE: Lower injection rates may be used provided that the base upstream gravimetric level of the test system of 5 mg/L is m
42、aintained and that the contaminant injection system can be validated at the intended flow rate. Injection flow rates below 0.25 L/min are not recommended due to silting characteristics and accuracy limitations. minLflow injectionmin602.1V SAE INTERNATIONAL J1985 Revised OCT2013 Page 8 of 13 8.2 &DOF
43、XODWHWKHJUDYLPHWULFOHYHO Pm(c) FR d Pm(c) FR d Pm(c) FR d Pm(c) FR d Pm(c) FR d Pm(c) FR Eff % Eff % Eff % Eff % Eff % Eff % Initial up 3 Up min Down 5 Up min Down 10 Up min Down 20 Up min Down 30 Up min Down 40 Up min Down 50 Up min Down 60 Up min Down Avg. Up Avg. Down FIGURE 2B - FUEL FILTER ELEM
44、ENT SINGLE-PASS TEST REPORT SHEET, CONCLUDED FIGURE 2 - FUEL FILTER SINGLE-PASS EFFICIENCY PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS (PARTICLE PER MILLILITER) 16. NOTES 16.1 Marginal Indicia A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisio
45、ns, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY THE SAE FILTER TEST METHOD STANDARDS COMMITTEE
