1、 _ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising ther
2、efrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2015 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this
3、publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-49
4、70 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J1038_201511 SURFACE VEHICLE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE J1038 NOV2015 Issued 1975-12 R
5、eaffirmed 1984-10 Revised 2015-11 Superseding J1038 MAR2007 Recommendations for Childrens Snowmobile RATIONALE Revisions include Para. 4.2.4 and Para. 4.4. 1. SCOPE This SAE Recommended Practice establishes the test procedures, performance requirements, and criteria necessary to evaluate minimum saf
6、ety and reliability requirements of a childrens snowmobile as identified in 1.2. 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this document is to set forth minimum safety and reliability criteria for use in the design of a childrens snowmobile as defined by SAE J33. Requirements not directly related to operator safet
7、y are not included, unless they are to delineate the intended purpose of the vehicle as distinct from a small-sized regular snowmobile. 1.2 Definition of Childrens Snowmobile A self-propelled vehicle intended for daylight use, in restricted off-road areas, primarily on snow. This vehicle is intended
8、 to be used by a child at least 6 years of age, under adult supervision. 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publica
9、tions Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or +1 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. SAE J33 Snowmobile Definitions and Nomenclature - General SAE J45 Brake System Test Procedure - Snowmobiles SAE J68 Test
10、 for Snowmobile Switching Devices and Components SAE J92 Snowmobile Throttle Control System SAE INTERNATIONAL J1038 NOV2015 Page 2 of 6 SAE J280 Snowmobile Headlamps SAE J288 Snowmobile Fuel Tanks SAE J292 Snowmobile and Snowmobile Cutter Lamps, Reflective Devices, and Associated Equipment SAE J592
11、Sidemarker Lamps for Use on Road Vehicles Less Than 2032 mm in Overall Width SAE J1161 Operational Sound Level Measurement Procedure for Snowmobiles 2.1.2 ANSI Publication Copies of these documents are available online at http:/webstore.ansi.org/ ANSI B71.1 Consumer Turf Care Equipment - Walk-Behind
12、 Mowers and Ride-On Machines with Mowers - Safety Specifications 3. GENERAL CRITERIA 3.1 Security Lock A secure means of rendering the snowmobile inoperable so that it cannot be started (or operated) without the use of a removable key, or other such device, shall be provided. 3.2 Speed Maximum speed
13、 shall be limited to 13 km/h (8 mph) for vehicles intended for use by children 6 years or older when operating on a smooth, level, hard packed snow surface. 3.3 Seating Seating capacity shall be limited to one child. 3.4 Fuel Capacity Fuel tank shall be limited to 2.0 L (0.5 gal) capacity. 3.5 Steer
14、ing Padding The nominal central portion of the steering mechanism or handlebars between the throttle and brake control lever facing the operators position shall be covered by impact-absorbing non-rigid material at least 6 mm (1/4 in) thick. 3.6 Controls All levers and controls shall have blunt ends.
15、 No switch, control, or console shall have sharp edges or protrusions hazardous to the operator under conditions of normal use. 3.7 Ski-Tips The forward end or projection of the ski commonly known as the ski-tip shall have no edge radius less than 3 mm (1/8 in) in size. 3.8 Windshield If the vehicle
16、 is equipped with a windshield, the windshield material shall meet these requirements. SAE INTERNATIONAL J1038 NOV2015 Page 3 of 6 3.8.1 Flexure Test a. Sample size is 30 cm (12 in) by 30 cm (12 in) square, flat sheet. b. Expose the sample to a temperature of 29 C 1 C (20 F 2 F) for 1 h minimum. c.
17、Bend sample 180 degrees around a 38 mm (1.50 in) radius. 3.8.2 Impact Test a. Use 30 cm (12 in) by 30 cm (12 in) flat sheet sample, not the same sample used in 3.8.1 Flexure Test. b. Expose the sample to a temperature of 29 C 1 C (20 F 2 F) for 1 h minimum. c. Place sample on flat, hard, non-resilie
18、nt surface, such that it is uniformly supported from underneath. d. Impact with a 1.25 kg (2.75 lb) weight from a height of 90 cm (36 in). The contact surface of the weight shall be spherical with a radius of 25 mm (1.0 in) maximum. 3.8.3 Acceptance Cracking of the samples is allowable, provided tha
19、t no particles break loose from the material. Fracturing of the material is not acceptable. 3.8.4 Edge Radius Windshield edges which are exposed to the operator or bystanders must have a minimum edge radius of 3 mm (1/8 in). 3.9 Warning Labels The following information shall be contained in Owners/O
20、perators Manual or be displayed by a label or plaque permanently affixed to the vehicle: 3.9.1 Operation This vehicle is intended for daylight use in restricted off-road areas, primarily on snow, by a child of not less than 6 years of age who is supervised by an adult. Use of this vehicle on public;
21、 streets, roads, highways, or trails, can be hazardous and is prohibited by law in most cases. 3.9.2 Do not start or operate this vehicle without guards and shields in position, or with hood not latched in place. 3.9.3 This vehicle is intended for one operator only, no passenger. 3.9.4 Verify proper
22、 operation of all controls before starting the engine. 3.9.5 Protective Clothing When operating this vehicle, the operator shall wear suitable protective clothing including an approved safety helmet and visor or goggles. 3.10 Durable Labels Labels must meet the specification as stated in ANSI B71.1,
23、 Section 18. 3.11 Owners/Operators Manual An Owners/Operators Manual shall be supplied with each snowmobile. SAE INTERNATIONAL J1038 NOV2015 Page 4 of 6 4. EQUIPMENT AND PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS 4.1 Speed Control A device shall be provided to control the maximum speed of the vehicle as indicated in
24、3.2. 4.2 Shields and Guards Power-driven parts of the engine, clutch, and drive system, with the exception of the vehicle track and sprocket systems adjacent to the track, shall be isolated by consoles, shields, or guards of sufficient size, shape, and configuration so as to prevent their physical c
25、ontact with the occupant, bystanders, or any loose clothing worn by the occupant or bystanders during normal use of the vehicle with all consoles, shields, and guards in position and with the hood closed. 4.2.1 Shields and guards shall protect the occupant or bystanders in the case of failure of tho
26、se parts of the drive train known as belts, gears, and chains should a part or parts be ejected from said components or in the case of breakage of such belts or chains as employed. 4.2.2 Shields and guards shall prevent inadvertent contact by the occupant with any exposed components at a temperature
27、 above 66 C (150 F) during normal operation of the vehicle with all consoles, guards, and shields in position and the engine hood closed. 4.2.3 A device shall be incorporated such that upon opening of the hood, ignition to the engine is interrupted. The ignition shall remain interrupted until manual
28、ly reinstated. 4.2.4 As concerns centrifugal clutches, drive pulleys, driven pulleys, torque converters, or similar mechanisms; said components shall withstand being spun about their axis of rotation at an rpm equal to 1.5 times the maximum horsepower rpm of the prime mover and times any effective d
29、rive ratio. This rpm shall be maintained for 5 min. 4.3 Lighting System Requirements A childrens snowmobile shall be equipped with the following: 4.3.1 At least one white headlight which shall provide a beam that complies with the minimum photometric candlepower requirements set out in Table 1 when
30、tested in accordance with SAE J280. Table 1 - Minimum photometric candlepower requirements Test Point Position in Degrees Minimum Photometric Candlepower Requirement 1/2 D-V 10 000 1 1/2 D-V 5 000 1 1/2 D-6L to 6R 1 500 1 1/2 D-9L to 9R 1 000 1 1/2 D-15L to 15R 150 3 D-V 1 000 3 D-15L to 15R 100 4.3
31、.2 One or two red identification lights on the rear centerline or symmetrically disposed about the rear centerline, in accordance with SAE J592, that shall be illuminated during headlight operation. No stop light shall be required. SAE INTERNATIONAL J1038 NOV2015 Page 5 of 6 4.4 Reflectors Except as
32、 noted, reflectors shall conform to the requirements of SAE J292. Two red reflectors, one on each side within 40 cm (15.75”) of the rearmost point of the chassis including the rear bumper, not less than 20 cm (8”) above the ground. A reflector of any color except red on each side within 40 cm (15.75
33、”) of the front surface of the front bumper, not less than 20 cm (8 ”) above the ground. 4.5 Emergency Control The mechanism that controls the power delivered by the engine shall incorporate a device for automatically stopping the engine in the event of a malfunction of the mechanism or as an altern
34、ate, an emergency stop switch designed to provide an instantaneous interruption of the engine ignition system shall be provided. This device shall be readily accessible and designed for activation by the operators right hand about the normal steering position; and it shall maintain interruption once
35、 activated without continuous contact from the operators hand. Maximum activating force shall be 9 N (2 lb) and the device shall be of a color contrasting with its surroundings. 4.6 Throttle Control System The throttle control system shall conform to SAE J92 except that: a. Paragraphs 4.3.2.1 to 4.3
36、.2.2 - cold temperature test shall be conducted at 29 C (20 F) rather than 40 C (40 F). 4.7 Brakes The vehicle shall be equipped with a brake capable of stopping within 6.1 m (20 ft) or locking the track when tested per 4.7.1. No portion of the brake assembly shall fail when tested per 4.7.2 and the
37、 requirements of 4.7.1 shall be met without readjustment of the brake mechanism. 4.7.1 Brake Effectiveness Test The test shall be conducted on a smooth, level surface covered with turf, not exceeding 76 mm (3 in) in length or compacted snow. The operators weight shall be between 41 to 50 kg (90 to 1
38、10 lb). The operator shall approach a marker at maximum speed and upon reaching the marker, shall squeeze the brake lever with a force equivalent to 45 N (10 lb) maximum force applied as per SAE J45. 4.7.2 Brake Strength Test A minimum force of 222 N (50 lb) shall be applied to the brake lever as pe
39、r SAE J45. 4.8 Snowmobile Switching Devices and Components The vehicle switching devices shall meet the requirements of SAE J68 4.9 Fuel Tank The vehicles fuel tank shall meet the requirements of SAE J288. SAE INTERNATIONAL J1038 NOV2015 Page 6 of 6 4.10 Vehicle Stability The overturn angle of the v
40、ehicle shall be a minimum of 35 degrees in either position when tested per 4.10.1. Stability determination and measurement shall be conducted under static conditions for the vehicle only without rider stimulation and with the fuel tank filled to capacity. The overturn angle shall be the minimum tilt
41、 angle at which the machine will overturn. Some form of restraint is allowed to keep the machine from being damaged, but it must reach an unstable condition before the restraint is applied. 4.10.1 Stability Test The vehicle shall be positioned on a variable slope single plane (tilt table), such that
42、 the longitudinal centerline of the vehicle is parallel to the axis of rotation of the tilt table. The vehicle shall be supported on its track and skis with slip retention blocks placed on the downhill ski. The table is to be tilted until: a. The vehicle overturns; or, b. The minimum angle of 35 deg
43、rees is attained. The test shall be conducted with: a. The right side on the downhill side. b. The left side on the downhill side. 4.11 Sound Level Test as per SAE J1161 with a constant speed of 13 km/h (8 mph). 5. NOTES 5.1 Revision Indicator A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the c
44、onvenience of the user in locating areas where technical revisions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. PREPARED BY THE SAE SNOWMOBILE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE
