1、 AEROSPACE RECOMMENDED PRACTICE Statistical Product Acceptance Requirements Using Isolated Lot Sampling Methods SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary,
2、 and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written
3、 comments and suggestions. Copyright 2005 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permissio
4、n of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: custsvcsae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org Issued 2005-10 ARP9013/1 FOREWORD To assure customer satisfaction, aerospace industry organizations shall produce,
5、 and continually improve, safe, reliable products that meet or exceed customer and regulatory authority requirements. The globalization of the aerospace industry, and the resulting diversity of regional/national requirements and expectations, has complicated this objective. End-product organizations
6、 face the challenge of assuring the quality of, and integrating, product purchased from suppliers throughout the world and at all levels within the supply chain. Aerospace suppliers and processors face the challenge of delivering product to multiple customers having varying quality expectations and
7、requirements. The aerospace industry established the International Aerospace Quality Group (IAQG) for the purpose of achieving significant improvements in quality and safety, and reductions in cost, throughout the value stream. This organization includes representation from aerospace companies in th
8、e Americas, Asia/Pacific, and Europe. This recommended practice has been prepared by the Americas Aerospace Quality Group (AAQG). This document standardizes, to the greatest extent possible, the requirements on statistical techniques for acceptance of product in isolated lots in the aerospace indust
9、ry. The establishment of common requirements, for use at all levels of the supply-chain, by organizations around the world, should result in improved quality and safety, and decreased costs due to the elimination or reduction of organization-unique requirements and the resultant variation inherent i
10、n these multiple expectations. Where alternative statistical techniques are required for acceptance of product in isolated lots, other than those contained herein, they shall meet the requirements of ARP9013/4. SAE ARP9013/1 - 2 - TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD.1 1. SCOPE 3 1.1 Purpose3 1.2 Field of App
11、lication.3 2. REFERENCES.3 2.1 Applicable Documents .3 2.2 Related Publications 4 2.3 Definitions 4 3. REQUIREMENTS 4 3.1 Quality Parameters 4 3.2 Tables 4 APPENDIX A GUIDELINES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION5 APPENDIX B REJECTABLE QUALITY LEVEL (RQL) QUALITY PARAMETER .7 SAE ARP9
12、013/1 - 3 - 1. SCOPE: 1.1 Purpose: The purpose of this SAE Aerospace Recommended Practice (ARP) is to ensure conformance for each product characteristic being verified in a lot, without maintaining information from previous lots. ARP9013/1 specifies a product acceptance system for isolated lots. For
13、 example, isolated lot sampling avoids keeping track of the normal, tightened, and reduced levels of sampling formerly used in MIL-STD-105 and currently used in ANSI/ASQC Z1.4. Because those switching rules provided significant long-term protection for product quality, these isolated lot tables repl
14、ace that protection in other ways. 1.2 Field of Application: Inspection may sometimes be performed on an isolated lot, a few lots, or on stored lots at a time when production has been completed. Switching rules are not available to influence the quality. Isolated lot tables by themselves provide no
15、method to reduce inspection costs for processes that prove to deliver consistently defect-free product. The incentive for using isolated lot sampling rather than sampling with switching rules is strictly to avoid the logistical costs of keeping track of what sampling level is applicable. 2. REFERENC
16、ES: 2.1 Applicable Documents: The following publications form a part of this document to the extent specified herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. The applicable issue of other publications shall be the issue in effect on the date of the purchase order. Nothing in this document,
17、 however, supersedes applicable laws and regulations unless a specific exemption has been obtained. 2.1.1 SAE Publications: Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AS9100 Quality Mana
18、gement Systems - Aerospace - Requirements ARP9013 Statistical Product Acceptance Requirements 2.1.2 ANSI/ASQC Publications: Available from the American Society for Quality (ASQ), 600 North Plankinton Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53203, Tel: 800-248-1946 or 414-272-8575, www.asq.org. ANSI/ASQC Q3 Sampling P
19、rocedures and Tables for Inspection of Isolated Lots by Attributes ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 Sampling Procedures and Tables for Inspection by Attributes SAE ARP9013/1 - 4 - 2.2 Related Publications: ISO 2859/2 “Sampling Plans Indexed by Limiting Quality (LQ) for Isolated Lot Inspection,” may be obtained from a
20、ny ISO Licensors members or from the ISO Secretariat, Case Postale 56, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland. 2.3 Definitions: See ARP9013 paragraph 2.3. 3. REQUIREMENTS: Applicable requirements defined in ARP9013 shall be followed when using this specification document. This recommended practice provides add
21、itional requirements for accepting product in isolated lots. The following shall be in place at the organizations inspection facility: 3.1 Quality Parameters: At least one of the following three points on the lot probability of acceptance OC curve shall be used as indices to choose isolated lot samp
22、ling plans: (1) the RQL; (2) the LQ; and/or (3) the indifference point or ERP. Implementing documentation shall specify which parameter is used as well as its value. The value claimed shall be statistically valid. 3.1.1 Lot Probability of Acceptance Operating Characteristic (OC) Curve: Calculations
23、of isolated lot sampling probability of acceptance curves shall be based upon an appropriate distribution to reflect the limited quantities involved. Every plan shall show which quality parameter it achieves (RQL, LQ, or ERP), and that claim shall be statistically valid. The probability of acceptanc
24、e shall be less than or equal to 50%. See Appendix A for further guidance. 3.2 Tables: Tables that achieve specific values of ERP and RQL are included in this document for reference. See Appendices A and B. Also see ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 where binomial and Poisson calculations are shown in ANSI/ASQC Z1.4 T
25、able VII for the RQL, Table VI for the LQ, and Table X for the ERP; and these form ERP and acceptable approximations for the hypergeometric probability of acceptance. PREPARED UNDER THE JURISDICTION OF SAE COMMITTEE G-14, AMERICAS AEROSPACE QUALITY GROUP (AAQG) SAE ARP9013/1 - 5 - APPENDIX A GUIDELI
26、NES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION The paragraph numbering below is sequenced to follow the noted paragraph and requirements defined in Section 3 of this recommended practice. The guidelines in this appendix are considered nonmandatory and not subject to compliance audits, but are
27、 intended as an aid to the organization for better understanding of requirements, planning, and implementation of statistical product acceptance methods. This authorship of this recommended practice believes that following these recommendations to the extent possible will enhance the success of stat
28、istical applications that affect, improve, and maintain product quality. A.1 GUIDELINE FOR 3.1.1 LOT PROBABILITY OF ACCEPTANCE OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC (OC) CURVE: As an example, the hypergeometric distribution is recommended as an appropriate distribution to reflect the limited quantities involved.
29、 A.2 GUIDELINE FOR 3.2 ERP TABLES: EQUAL RISK POINT (ERP) QUALITY PARAMETER: These tables are recommended for the inspection of cost and appearance related features in isolated lots. Acceptance of any given lot requires that all inspected units in the sample conform to the specified acceptance requi
30、rement. Because nonconforming units can only come in whole numbers, any percentage nonconforming will be only approximate for most lot sizes; this table makes one set of discretionary choices about handling this issue, but any other statistically valid method may also be acceptable. These plans are
31、not recommended for application to safety related features. See Table A1. SAE ARP9013/1 - 6 - TABLE A1 - EQUAL RISK POINT (ERP) Sampling Plan Sample Sizes for Various ERPs LOT SIZE 20% 15% 10% 8% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 2 to 3 2 All All All All All All All All 4 to 5 2 3 All All All All All All All 6 to 7 3
32、3 5 6 All All All All All 8 to 10 3 4 5 6 All All All All All 11 to 12 3 4 5 6 10 All All All All 13 3 4 5 7 10 12 All All All 14 to 17 3 4 6 7 10 12 All All All 18 to 22 3 4 6 7 10 12 17 All All 23 to 25 3 4 6 7 11 12 17 All All 26 to 30 3 4 6 7 11 13 17 25 All 31 to 32 3 4 6 7 11 14 17 25 All 33 3
33、 4 6 8 11 14 17 25 All 34 to 37 3 4 6 8 12 14 17 25 All 38 to 44 3 4 6 8 12 14 18 25 All 45 to 50 3 4 6 8 12 14 19 25 All 51 to 52 3 4 6 8 12 15 19 25 50 53 to 57 3 4 6 8 12 15 19 26 50 58 to 63 3 4 6 8 12 15 19 27 50 64 to 68 3 4 6 8 12 15 19 28 50 69 to 74 3 4 6 8 12 15 20 28 50 75 to 80 3 4 6 8 1
34、2 15 20 29 50 81 to 82 3 4 6 8 13 15 20 29 50 83 to 101 3 4 6 8 13 16 20 29 50 102 3 4 6 8 13 16 21 29 50 103 to 104 3 4 6 8 13 16 21 29 51 105 to 106 3 4 6 8 13 16 21 30 51 107 to 111 3 4 6 8 13 16 21 30 52 112 to 116 3 4 6 8 13 16 21 30 53 117 to 123 3 4 6 8 13 16 21 30 54 124 to 126 3 4 6 8 13 16
35、 21 30 55 127 to 130 3 4 6 8 13 16 21 31 55 131 to 140 3 4 6 8 13 16 21 31 56 141 to 155 3 4 6 8 13 16 21 31 57 156 to 181 3 4 6 8 13 16 21 31 58 182 to 183 3 4 6 8 13 16 21 32 58 184 to 200 3 4 6 8 13 16 22 32 58 201 to 206 3 4 6 8 13 16 22 32 59 207 to 214 3 4 7 8 13 16 22 32 59 215 to 233 3 4 7 8
36、 13 16 22 32 60 234 to 270 3 4 7 8 13 16 22 32 61 271 to 277 3 4 7 8 13 16 22 32 62 278 to 303 3 4 7 8 13 17 22 32 62 304 to 323 3 4 7 8 13 17 22 33 62 324 to 403 3 4 7 8 13 17 22 33 63 404 to 502 3 4 7 8 13 17 22 33 64 503 to 633 3 4 7 8 13 17 22 33 65 634 to 693 3 4 7 8 13 17 22 33 66 694 to 917 3
37、 4 7 8 13 17 22 34 66 918 to 949 3 4 7 8 13 17 22 34 67 950 to 1555 3 4 7 8 13 17 23 34 67 1556 to 4371 3 4 7 8 13 17 23 34 68 4372 to 5000 3 4 7 8 14 17 23 34 68 5001 this table makes one set of discretionary choices about handling this issue, but any other statistically valid method is also accept
38、able. TABLE B1 - RQL Sampling Plan Sample Sizes for Various RQLs RQL Values: 20% 15% 10% 8% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% Sample Size for Unlimited Lot Size 14 19 29 36 59 74 99 149 299 Lot Size: Sample Sizes for Specific Lot Sizes at Various RQLs: 11 8 All All All All All All All All 12 9 All All All All All All
39、All All 13 9 All All All All All All All All 14 9 All All All All All All All All 15 9 All All All All All All All All 16 10 All All All All All All All All 17 10 All All All All All All All All 18 10 All All All All All All All All 19 10 All All All All All All All All 20 10 All All 18 All All All
40、All All 21 10 13 16 19 All All All All All 22 11 13 17 19 All All All All All 23 11 13 17 19 All All All All All 24 11 14 18 19 All All All All All 25 11 14 18 19 All All All All All 26 11 14 18 20 All All All All All 27 11 14 19 21 25 All All All All 28 11 14 19 21 26 All All All All 29 11 14 19 22
41、 27 All All All All 30 11 14 19 22 28 All All All All 31 11 15 19 22 28 29 All All All 32 11 15 20 23 29 30 All All All 33 12 15 20 23 29 31 All All All 34 12 15 20 23 30 32 All All All 35 12 15 20 23 30 33 All All All 36 12 15 20 24 31 33 All All All 37 12 15 21 24 31 34 35 All All 38 12 15 21 24 3
42、1 35 36 All All 39 12 15 21 24 31 35 37 All All 40 12 15 21 24 31 36 38 All All 41 12 15 21 25 32 37 39 All All 42 12 15 21 25 32 37 40 All All 43 12 16 21 25 33 38 41 All All 44 12 16 22 25 33 38 41 All All 45 12 16 22 26 34 38 42 All All SAE ARP9013/1 - 8 - TABLE B1 - RQL Sampling Plan (Continued)
43、 Sample Sizes for Specific Lot Sizes at Various RQLs: Lot Size: 20% 15% 10% 8% 5% 4% 3% 2% 1% 46 12 16 22 26 34 39 43 All All 47 12 16 22 26 35 39 44 All All 48 12 16 22 26 35 39 44 All All 49 12 16 22 26 36 39 45 All All 50 12 16 22 26 36 39 46 All All 51 12 16 22 26 36 40 47 All All 52 12 16 22 27
44、 37 40 47 All All 53 12 16 23 27 37 41 48 All All 54 12 16 23 27 37 41 48 All All 55 12 16 23 27 37 42 49 52 All 56 12 16 23 27 38 42 49 53 All 57 12 16 23 27 38 43 50 54 All 58 12 16 23 28 38 43 50 55 All 59 12 16 23 28 38 44 51 56 All 60 12 16 23 28 38 44 51 57 All 61 13 16 23 28 38 44 51 58 All 6
45、2 13 16 23 28 39 45 51 58 All 63 13 16 23 28 39 45 52 59 All 64 13 17 24 28 39 46 53 60 All 65 13 17 24 28 40 46 53 61 All 66 13 17 24 28 40 46 53 62 All 67 13 17 24 28 40 46 53 63 All 68 13 17 24 29 40 47 53 63 All 69 13 17 24 29 41 47 53 64 All 70 13 17 24 29 41 47 54 65 All 71 13 17 24 29 41 47 5
46、4 66 All 72 13 17 24 29 41 47 55 66 All 73 13 17 24 29 41 47 55 67 All 74 13 17 24 29 42 47 56 68 All 75 13 17 24 29 42 47 56 69 All 76 13 17 24 29 42 48 57 69 All 77 13 17 24 29 42 48 57 70 All 78 13 17 24 29 42 48 58 71 All 79 13 17 24 29 42 49 58 71 All 80 13 17 24 30 42 49 59 72 All 81 13 17 24
47、30 42 49 59 72 All 82 13 17 25 30 42 50 60 73 All 83 13 17 25 30 43 50 60 73 All 84 13 17 25 30 43 50 60 74 All 85 13 17 25 30 43 51 61 74 All 86 13 17 25 30 43 51 61 75 All 87 13 17 25 30 43 51 61 75 All 88 13 17 25 30 44 51 62 76 All 89 13 17 25 30 44 51 62 76 All 90 13 17 25 30 44 52 62 76 All 91
48、 13 17 25 30 44 52 62 77 All 92 13 17 25 30 44 52 62 77 All 93 13 17 25 30 44 52 63 77 All 94 13 17 25 30 44 52 63 77 All 95 13 17 25 31 45 52 63 77 All SAE ARP9013/1 - 9 - TABLE B1 - RQL Sampling Plan (Continued) Sample Sizes for Specific Lot Sizes at Various RQLs: Lot Size: 20% 15% 10% 8% 5% 4% 3%
49、 2% 1% 96 13 17 25 31 45 52 63 78 All 97 13 17 25 31 45 52 63 78 All 98 13 17 25 31 45 52 63 78 All 99 13 17 25 31 45 52 63 78 All 100 13 17 25 31 45 52 63 78 95 101 13 17 25 31 45 53 63 78 96 102 13 17 25 31 45 53 64 79 97 103 13 17 25 31 45 53 64 80 98 104 13 17 25 31 45 53 65 80 98 105 13 17 25 31 46 54 65 81 101 106 13 17 25 31 46 54 65 81 101 107 13 17 25 31 46 54 66 82 102 108 13 17 25 31 46 54 66 82 103 109 13 17 25 31 46 54 66 83 104 110 13 17 25 31 46 55 67 83 104 111 13 17 26 31 46 55 67 84 105 112 13 17 26 31 46 55 67 84 106 113 13 17 26 31 46 55 67 85 107 114 13
