1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2011 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this publication m
3、ay be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (outside U
4、SA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/AMS6454E AEROSPACE MATERIAL SPECIFICATION AMS6454 REV. E Issued 1984-01 Revised 2011-11 Super
5、seding AMS6454D Steel, Sheet, Strip, and Plate 1.8Ni - 0.80Cr - 0.25Mo (0.38 - 0.43C) (SAE 4340) Vacuum Consumable Electrode Remelted (Composition similar to UNS G43406)RATIONALE AMS6454E results from a Five-Year Review and update of this specification that includes revision of the decarburization r
6、equirement. 1. SCOPE 1.1 Form This specification covers a premium-aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate. 1.2 Application These products have been used typically for heat treated parts requiring good tensile and fatigue strengths in combination with good ductility,
7、but usage is not limited to such applications. The product may be through-hardened to tensile strength ranges of 260 to 280 ksi (1793 to 1931 MPa) in nominal section thicknesses of 1.5 inches (38 mm) and under and 180 to 220 ksi (1241 to 1517 MPa) in nominal section thicknesses of 3 inches (76 mm) a
8、nd under. 1.2.1 Certain design and processing procedures may cause these products to become susceptible to stress-corrosion cracking after heat treatment; ARP1110 recommends practices to minimize such conditions. 2. APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS The issue of the following documents in effect on the date of t
9、he purchase order forms a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. The supplier may work to a subsequent revision of a document unless a specific document issue is specified. When the referenced document has been cancelled and no superseding document has been specified, the last pu
10、blished issue of that document shall apply. SAE AMS6454E Page 2 of 7 2.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org. AMS2252 Tolerances, Low-Alloy Steel She
11、et, Strip, and Plate AMS2259 Chemical Check Analysis Limits, Wrought Low-Alloy and Carbon Steels AMS2300 Steel Cleanliness, Premium Aircraft-Quality, Magnetic Particle Inspection Procedure AMS2370 Quality Assurance Sampling and Testing, Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Wrought Products and Forging Stock A
12、MS2807 Identification, Carbon and Low-Alloy Steels, Corrosion and Heat-Resistant Steels and Alloys Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Aircraft Tubing ARP1110 Minimizing Stress Corrosion Cracking in Wrought Forms of Steels and Corrosion Resistant Steels and Alloys 2.2 ASTM Publications Available from ASTM Inte
13、rnational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, Tel: 610-832-9585, www.astm.org. ASTM A 255 Determining Hardenability of Steel ASTM A 370 Mechanical Testing of Steel Products ASTM A 604 Macroetch Testing of Consumable Electrode Remelted Steel Bars and Billets ASTM
14、E 45 Determining the Inclusion Content of Steel ASTM E 112 Determining Average Grain Size ASTM E 290 Bend Testing of Material for Ductility ASTM E 350 Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought Iron ASTM E 384 Knoop and Vickers Hardness of M
15、aterials 3. TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS 3.1 Composition Shall conform to the percentages by weight shown in Table 1, determined by wet chemical methods in accordance with ASTM E 350, by spectrochemical methods, or by other analytical methods acceptable to purchaser. SAE AMS6454E Page 3 of 7 TABLE 1 - COM
16、POSITION Element min max Carbon Manganese Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chromium Nickel Molybdenum Copper 0.38 0.65 0.15 - - 0.70 1.65 0.20 - 0.43 0.90 0.35 0.010 0.010 0.90 2.00 0.30 0.35 3.1.1 Check Analysis Composition variations shall meet the applicable requirements of AMS2259. 3.2 Melting Practice
17、 Steel shall be multiple melted using vacuum consumable electrode process in the remelt cycle. 3.3 Condition The product shall be supplied in the following condition; hardness shall be determined in accordance with ASTM A 370: 3.3.1 Sheet and Strip Product shall be as specified by purchaser in one o
18、f the conditions below (See 8.6). Hardness shall not be higher than 98 HRB, or equivalent (See 8.2). 3.3.1.1 Cold finished, bright or atmosphere annealed, and descaled if necessary. 3.3.1.2 Hot rolled, annealed if necessary, and descaled. 3.3.2 Plate Hot rolled, annealed if necessary, and descaled,
19、having hardness not higher than 25 HRC, or equivalent (See 8.2). 3.3.2.1 If allowed by the purchaser, cold rolled, annealed if necessary and descaled as necessary, having hardness not higher than 25HRC, or equivalent (See 8.2). 3.3.3 If product is ordered spheroidize annealed, the degree of spheroid
20、ization shall be acceptable to purchaser. 3.4 Properties The product shall conform to the following requirements; hardness testing shall be performed in accordance with ASTM A 370: 3.4.1 Macrostructure of Each Heat Visual examination of transverse full cross-sections from full transverse cross-secti
21、ons of finished slab or billet or suitable rerolled product in accordance with ASTM A 604 in hot hydrochloric acid, shall show no pipe or cracks. Porosity, segregation, inclusions, and other imperfections shall be no worse than the macrographs of ASTM A 604 shown in Table 2. SAE AMS6454E Page 4 of 7
22、 TABLE 2 - MACROSTRUCTURE LIMITS Class Condition Severity 1 2 3 4 Freckles White Spots Radial Segregation Ring Pattern A A B B 3.4.2 Micro-Inclusion Rating of Each Heat No specimen shall exceed the limits shown in Table 3, determined in accordance with ASTM E 45, Method D, except that the length of
23、any inclusion shall be not greater than 0.015 inch (0.38 mm): TABLE 3 - MICRO-INCLUSION RATING LIMITS A Thin A Heavy B Thin B Heavy C Thin C Heavy D Thin D Heavy Worst Field Severity 1.5 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.0 Worst Field Frequency maximum a 1 a 1 a 1 3 1 Total Rateable Fields, Frequency, maxim
24、um b 1 b 1 b 1 8 1 a - Combined A+B+C, not more than three fields. b - Combined A+B+C, not more than eight fields. 3.4.2.1 A rateable field is defined as one which has a type A, B, C, or D inclusion rating of at least No. 1.0 thin or heavy in accordance with the Jernkontoret chart, Plate -r, ASTM E
25、45. 3.4.3 Average Grain Size of Each Lot Shall be ASTM No. 5 or finer, determined in accordance with ASTM E 112. 3.4.4 Hardenability of Each Heat Shall be J 12/16 inch (J19 mm) = 53 HRC, minimum, and J 20/16 inch (J32 mm) = 50 HRC, minimum, determined on the standard end-quench test specimen in acco
26、rdance with ASTM A 255 except that the steel shall be normalized at 1600 F 10 (871 C 6) and the specimen austenitized at 1550 F 10 (843 C 6). 3.4.5 Decarburization of Each Lot Decarburization shall be evaluated by one of the methods of 3.4.5.1, 3.4.5.2, or 3.4.5.3.at the discretion of the producer.
27、3.4.5.1 Metallographic Method A cross section of the surface shall be visually examined metallographically at a magnification not to exceed 100X. The product shall show no layer of complete or partial decarburization exceeding the limits of Table 4. 3.4.5.2 Step Method Specimen shall be full thickne
28、ss of the product up to 0.250 inch (6.35 mm) or reduced to 0.250 inch (6.35 mm) preserving one original surface for heavier product. Recommended size is 1 inch x 4 inches (25 mm x 102 mm). Specimens shall be hardened by austenitizing and quenching. They should not be tempered, but if tempered, the t
29、empering temperature shall be not higher than 300 F (149 C). During heat treatment, specimens shall be protected by suitable atmosphere or medium or by suitable plating to prevent carburization or further decarburization. The protective plating, if used, shall be removed. SAE AMS6454E Page 5 of 7 Fo
30、r product less than 0.250 inch (6.35 mm), a portion of the specimen shall be ground to a depth of 0.050 inch (1.27 mm) or one-half thickness, whichever is less using sufficient coolant to prevent thermal or mechanical effects. The product shall not show evidence of complete decarburization (ferrite)
31、 when examined metallographically at a magnification not exceeding 100X. It shall be free of partial decarburization to the extent that the difference in hardness between the original surface and the surface (depth) generated by grinding shall not be greater than two units on the HRA scale or equiva
32、lent (See 8.2) For product 0.250 inch (6.35 mm) and thicker, the specimens shall be ground to remove 0.010 inch (0.25 mm) of metal and a portion of the specimen shall be further ground to a depth of at least one-third the original thickness of the specimen. The difference in the hardness between the
33、 two prepared steps shall be no greater than three units on the HRA scale or equivalent (See 8.2). 3.4.5.3 Hardness Traverse Method The total depth of decarburization determined by a traverse method using microhardness testing in accordance with ASTM E 384 at a magnification not exceeding 100X, shal
34、l be defined as the perpendicular distance from the surface to the depth under the surface below which there is not further increase in hardness. The sample shall be hardened as listed in paragraph 3.3.3.2. Acceptance shall be as listed in Table 4. TABLE 4A - MAXIMUM DECARBURIZATION LIMITS, INCH/POU
35、ND UNITS Nominal Thickness Inches Total Depth of Decarburization Inch Up to 0.500, incl Over 0.500 to 1.000, incl Over 1.000 0.015 0.025 0.035 TABLE 4B - MAXIMUM DECARBURIZATION LIMITS, SI UNITS Nominal Thickness Millimeters Total Depth of Decarburization Millimeter Up to 12.70, incl Over 12.70 to 2
36、5.40, incl Over 25.40 0.38 0.64 0.89 3.4.5.4 When determining the depth of decarburization, it is permissible to disregard local areas provided the decarburization of such areas does not exceed the above limits by more than 0.005 inch (0.13 mm) and the width is 0.065 inch (1.65 mm) or less. 3.4.5.5
37、In the case of dispute, the microhardness traverse method shall govern. 3.4.6 Bending Product 0.749 inch (19.02 mm) and under in nominal thickness shall be tested in accordance with ASTM E 290 using a sample prepared nominally 0.75 inch (19.0 mm) in width with its axis of bending parallel to the dir
38、ection of rolling and shall withstand without cracking when bending at room temperature through the angle and bend radius shown in Table 5. In case of dispute, the results of tests using the guided bend test of ASTM E 290 shall govern. TABLE 5 - BEND REQUIREMENTS Nominal Thickness Inch Nominal Thick
39、ness Millimeters Bend Angle Degrees Bend Radius t = nominal thickness Up to 0.249, incl Up to 6.32, incl 180 1.5t Over 0.249 to 0.749, incl Over 6.32 to 19.02, incl 90 1.5t SAE AMS6454E Page 6 of 7 3.5 Quality The product, as received by purchaser, shall be uniform in quality and condition, sound, a
40、nd free from foreign materials and from imperfections detrimental to usage of the product. 3.5.1 Steel shall be premium aircraft-quality conforming to AMS2300, except that a maximum average frequency (F) rating of 0.10 and a maximum average severity (S) rating of 0.20 shall apply. 3.6 Tolerances Sha
41、ll be in accordance with AMS2252 (See 8.3). 4. QUALITY ASSURANCE PROVISIONS 4.1 Responsibility for Inspection The vendor of the product shall supply all samples for vendors tests and shall be responsible for the performance of all required tests. Purchaser reserves the right to sample and to perform
42、 any confirmatory testing deemed necessary to ensure that the product conforms to specified requirements. 4.2 Classification of Tests 4.2.1 Acceptance Tests Composition (3.1), condition (3.3), macrostructure (3.4.1), micro-inclusion rating (3.4.2), average grain size (3.4.3), hardenability (3.4.4),
43、decarburization (3.4.5), bending (3.4.6), and tolerances (3.6) are acceptance tests and shall be performed on each heat or lot as applicable. 4.2.2 Periodic Tests Frequency-severity rating (3.5.1) is a periodic test and shall be performed at a frequency selected by the vendor unless frequency of tes
44、ting is specified by purchaser. 4.3 Sampling and Testing Shall be in accordance with AMS2370. 4.4 Reports The vendor of the product shall furnish with each shipment a report showing the results of tests for composition, macrostructure, micro-inclusion rating, and hardenability of each heat, and for
45、condition, average grain size, and bending of each lot, and stating that the product conforms to the other technical requirements. This report shall include the purchase order number, heat and lot numbers, AMS6454E, product form, size, and quantity. 4.5 Resampling and Retesting Shall be in accordanc
46、e with AMS2370. 5. PREPARATION FOR DELIVERY 5.1 Identification Shall be in accordance with AMS2807. SAE AMS6454E Page 7 of 7 5.2 Protective Treatment The product shall be protected from corrosion prior to shipment. 5.3 Packaging The product shall be prepared for shipment in accordance with commercia
47、l practice and in compliance with applicable rules and regulations pertaining to the handling, packaging, and transportation of the product to ensure carrier acceptance and safe delivery. 6. ACKNOWLEDGMENT A vendor shall include this specification number and its revision letter in all quotations and
48、 when acknowledging purchase orders. 7. REJECTIONS Product not conforming to this specification, or to modifications authorized by purchaser, will be subject to rejection. 8. NOTES 8.1 A change bar (l) located in the left margin is for the convenience of the user in locating areas where technical re
49、visions, not editorial changes, have been made to the previous issue of this document. An (R) symbol to the left of the document title indicates a complete revision of the document, including technical revisions. Change bars and (R) are not used in original publications, nor in documents that contain editorial changes only. 8.2 Hardness conversion tables for metals are presented in ASTM E 140. 8.3 Sheet and Strip Toleran
